leetcode每日一题：表示数值的字符串

剑指 Offer 20. 表示数值的字符串

请实现一个函数用来判断字符串是否表示数值（包括整数和小数）。例如，字符串"+100"、“5e2”、"-123"、“3.1416”、"-1E-16"、“0123"都表示数值，但"12e”、“1a3.14”、“1.2.3”、"±5"及"12e+5.4"都不是。

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/biao-shi-shu-zhi-de-zi-fu-chuan-lcof
著作权归领扣网络所有。商业转载请联系官方授权，非商业转载请注明出处。

解析

题目的目的就是要遍历字符串，判断字符串是否满足一个数值要求，比如一个数值里不会存在两个小数点，而且也有其他要求，我们只要一个一个遍历，判断当前字符是否满足上一个字符的后接要求，比如+，-后面跟的是数字，肯定不能跟随+，-,所以读取一个字符，判断它下一个字符应该是什么，当读取下一个字符的时候，是否满足要求，不满足要求就返回错误。然后再判断初始状态，结束状态即可。具体可以参考原文

代码

class Solution {
public:
    enum State {
        STATE_INITIAL,
        STATE_INT_SIGN,
        STATE_INTEGER,
        STATE_POINT,
        STATE_POINT_WITHOUT_INT,
        STATE_FRACTION,
        STATE_EXP,
        STATE_EXP_SIGN,
        STATE_EXP_NUMBER,
        STATE_END,
    };

    enum CharType {
        CHAR_NUMBER,
        CHAR_EXP,
        CHAR_POINT,
        CHAR_SIGN,
        CHAR_SPACE,
        CHAR_ILLEGAL,
    };

    CharType toCharType(char ch) {
        if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
            return CHAR_NUMBER;
        } else if (ch == 'e' || ch == 'E') {
            return CHAR_EXP;
        } else if (ch == '.') {
            return CHAR_POINT;
        } else if (ch == '+' || ch == '-') {
            return CHAR_SIGN;
        } else if (ch == ' ') {
            return CHAR_SPACE;
        } else {
            return CHAR_ILLEGAL;
        }
    }

    bool isNumber(string s) {
        unordered_map<State, unordered_map<CharType, State>> transfer{
            {
                STATE_INITIAL, {
                    {CHAR_SPACE, STATE_INITIAL},
                    {CHAR_NUMBER, STATE_INTEGER},
                    {CHAR_POINT, STATE_POINT_WITHOUT_INT},
                    {CHAR_SIGN, STATE_INT_SIGN},
                }
            }, {
                STATE_INT_SIGN, {
                    {CHAR_NUMBER, STATE_INTEGER},
                    {CHAR_POINT, STATE_POINT_WITHOUT_INT},
                }
            }, {
                STATE_INTEGER, {
                    {CHAR_NUMBER, STATE_INTEGER},
                    {CHAR_EXP, STATE_EXP},
                    {CHAR_POINT, STATE_POINT},
                    {CHAR_SPACE, STATE_END},
                }
            }, {
                STATE_POINT, {
                    {CHAR_NUMBER, STATE_FRACTION},
                    {CHAR_EXP, STATE_EXP},
                    {CHAR_SPACE, STATE_END},
                }
            }, {
                STATE_POINT_WITHOUT_INT, {
                    {CHAR_NUMBER, STATE_FRACTION},
                }
            }, {
                STATE_FRACTION,
                {
                    {CHAR_NUMBER, STATE_FRACTION},
                    {CHAR_EXP, STATE_EXP},
                    {CHAR_SPACE, STATE_END},
                }
            }, {
                STATE_EXP,
                {
                    {CHAR_NUMBER, STATE_EXP_NUMBER},
                    {CHAR_SIGN, STATE_EXP_SIGN},
                }
            }, {
                STATE_EXP_SIGN, {
                    {CHAR_NUMBER, STATE_EXP_NUMBER},
                }
            }, {
                STATE_EXP_NUMBER, {
                    {CHAR_NUMBER, STATE_EXP_NUMBER},
                    {CHAR_SPACE, STATE_END},
                }
            }, {
                STATE_END, {
                    {CHAR_SPACE, STATE_END},
                }
            }
        };

        int len = s.length();
        State st = STATE_INITIAL;

        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            CharType typ = toCharType(s[i]);
            if (transfer[st].find(typ) == transfer[st].end()) {
                return false;
            } else {
                st = transfer[st][typ];
            }
        }
        return st == STATE_INTEGER || st == STATE_POINT || st == STATE_FRACTION || st == STATE_EXP_NUMBER || st == STATE_END;
    }
};


作者：LeetCode-Solution
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/biao-shi-shu-zhi-de-zi-fu-chuan-lcof/solution/biao-shi-shu-zhi-de-zi-fu-chuan-by-leetcode-soluti/
来源：力扣（LeetCode）
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。