openCV：Sobel算子

一阶求导算子，计算图像灰度的近似梯度 

#include <iostream>  
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include "math.h"  

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	Mat src,dst;//初始化一个操作对象
	src = imread("C:/Users/JAY/Desktop/Others/lena.jpg");
	if (!src.data)//判断图片是否加载进来
	{
		cout << "不能加载图片" << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("加载的图片", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("加载的图片", src);//""内命名一致，才能显示在一个窗口

	GaussianBlur(src, dst, Size(3, 3), 0, 0, 4);//高斯模糊
	Mat gray_src;
	cvtColor(dst, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);//转化为灰度图

	Mat x, y;
	Sobel(gray_src, x, CV_16S, 1, 0, 3);//求X方向梯度
	Sobel(gray_src, y, CV_16S, 0, 1, 3);//求y方向梯度
	//Scharr(gray_src, x, CV_16S, 1, 0);//另一种方法，边缘提取效果更强
	//Scharr(gray_src, y, CV_16S, 0, 1);
	convertScaleAbs(x, x);//负数的值归化为正数
	convertScaleAbs(y, y);
	imshow("x方向", x);
	imshow("y方向", y);

	//addWeighted(x, 0.5, y, 0.5, 0, xy);
	Mat xy = Mat(x.size(), x.type());//以下对应addWeighted()操作;
	int width = x.cols;
	int height = y.rows;
	for (int row = 0; row < height; row++)
	{
		for (int col = 0; col < width; col++)
		{
			int xg = x.at<uchar>(row, col);//uchar数据类型要一致，不然会出现图像截断，分割效果不好
			int yg = y.at<uchar>(row, col);
			int xy = xg + yg;
			xy.at<uchar>(row, col) = saturate_cast<uchar>(xy);
		}
	}
	imshow("Sobel算法结果", xy);

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

结果：