ML week 1
一:
what is ML:
Two definitions of Machine Learning are offered. Arthur Samuel described it as: “the field of study that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.” This is an older, informal definition.
Tom Mitchell provides a more modern definition: “A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some class of tasks T and performance measure P, if its performance at tasks in T, as measured by P, improves with experience E.”
Example: playing checkers.
E = the experience of playing many games of checkers
T = the task of playing checkers.
P = the probability that the program will win the next game.
二:一般说任何的ML都分为两种:
Supervised learning and Unsupervised learning.(监督式学习和非监督式学习)
Supervised learning :“regression” and “classification” (回归与分类,eg:预测价格,预测肿瘤恶性还是良性)
Unsupervised learning: With unsupervised learning there is no feedback based on the prediction results, i.e., there is no teacher to correct you.(你不能像回归与分类一样确定哪个是正确答案)
Example:Take a collection of 1000 essays written on the US Economy, and find a way to automatically group these essays into a small number that are somehow similar or related by different variables, such as word frequency, sentence length, page count, and so on.(将很多文章根据一些因素聚类)