yum安装报错分析(三)

在尝试使用yum安装emacs时遇到依赖问题,具体表现为缺少libMagickWand.so.5和libMagickCore.so.5库。系统找到了多个版本的ImageMagick,但安装的ImageMagick版本并未包含所需的库。建议使用--skip-broken参数规避问题,或者手动安装正确的ImageMagick版本以满足emacs的依赖。

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Install error log如下:
–> Processing Dependency: libMagickWand.so.5()(64bit) for package: 1:emacs-24.3-23.1.el7.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libMagickCore.so.5()(64bit) for package: 1:emacs-24.3-23.1.el7.x86_64
—> Package m17n-db.noarch 0:1.6.4-3.1.el7 will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: 1:emacs-24.3-23.1.el7.x86_64 (el7-next)
Requires: libMagickWand.so.5()(64bit)
Available: ImageMagick-6.7.8.9-10.1.el7.x86_64 (el7.7u2.base.x86_64)
libMagickWand.so.5()(64bit)
Available: ImageMagick-6.7.8.9-13.el7.x86_64 (el7.7u2.base.x86_64)
libMagickWand.so.5()(64bit)
Available: ImageMagick-6.7.8.9-14.el7.x86_64 (el7.7u2.base.x86_64)
libMagickWand.so.5()(64bit)
Installed: ImageMagick-6.9.10.68-3.1.el7.x86_64 (@el7-next)
Not found
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======================= MessagePack for Python ======================= :author: INADA Naoki :version: 0.4.1 :date: 2014-02-17 .. image:: https://secure.travis-ci.org/msgpack/msgpack-python.png :target: https://travis-ci.org/#!/msgpack/msgpack-python What's this ------------ `MessagePack <http://msgpack.org/>`_ is a fast, compact binary serialization format, suitable for similar data to JSON. This package provides CPython bindings for reading and writing MessagePack data. Install --------- You can use ``pip`` or ``easy_install`` to install msgpack:: $ easy_install msgpack-python or $ pip install msgpack-python PyPy ^^^^^ msgpack-python provides pure python implementation. PyPy can use this. Windows ^^^^^^^ When you can't use binary distribution, you need to install Visual Studio or Windows SDK on Windows. (NOTE: Visual C++ Express 2010 doesn't support amd64. Windows SDK is recommanded way to build amd64 msgpack without any fee.) Without extension, using pure python implementation on CPython runs slowly. Notes ----- Note for msgpack 2.0 support ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ msgpack 2.0 adds two types: *bin* and *ext*. *raw* was bytes or string type like Python 2's ``str``. To distinguish string and bytes, msgpack 2.0 adds *bin*. It is non-string binary like Python 3's ``bytes``. To use *bin* type for packing ``bytes``, pass ``use_bin_type=True`` to packer argument. >>> import msgpack >>> packed = msgpack.packb([b'spam', u'egg'], use_bin_type=True) >>> msgpack.unpackb(packed, encoding='utf-8') ['spam', u'egg'] You shoud use it carefully. When you use ``use_bin_type=True``, packed binary can be unpacked by unpackers supporting msgpack-2.0. To use *ext* type, pass ``msgpack.ExtType`` object to packer. >>> import msgpack >>> packed = msgpack.packb(msgpack.ExtType(42, b'xyzzy')) >>> msgpack.unpackb(packed) ExtType(code=42, data='xyzzy') You can use it with ``default`` and ``ext_hook``. See below. Note for msgpack 0.2.x users ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The msgpack 0.3 have some incompatible changes. The default value of ``use_list`` keyword argument is ``True`` from 0.3. You should pass the argument explicitly for backward compatibility. `Unpacker.unpack()` and some unpack methods now raises `OutOfData` instead of `StopIteration`. `StopIteration` is used for iterator protocol only. How to use ----------- One-shot pack & unpack ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Use ``packb`` for packing and ``unpackb`` for unpacking. msgpack provides ``dumps`` and ``loads`` as alias for compatibility with ``json`` and ``pickle``. ``pack`` and ``dump`` packs to file-like object. ``unpack`` and ``load`` unpacks from file-like object. :: >>> import msgpack >>> msgpack.packb([1, 2, 3]) '\x93\x01\x02\x03' >>> msgpack.unpackb(_) [1, 2, 3] ``unpack`` unpacks msgpack's array to Python's list, but can unpack to tuple:: >>> msgpack.unpackb(b'\x93\x01\x02\x03', use_list=False) (1, 2, 3) You should always pass the ``use_list`` keyword argument. See performance issues relating to use_list_ below. Read the docstring for other options. Streaming unpacking ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ``Unpacker`` is a "streaming unpacker". It unpacks multiple objects from one stream (or from bytes provided through its ``feed`` method). :: import msgpack from io import BytesIO buf = BytesIO() for i in range(100): buf.write(msgpack.packb(range(i))) buf.seek(0) unpacker = msgpack.Unpacker(buf) for unpacked in unpacker: print unpacked Packing/unpacking of custom data type ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ It is also possible to pack/unpack custom data types. Here is an example for ``datetime.datetime``. :: import datetime import msgpack useful_dict = { "id": 1, "created": datetime.datetime.now(), } def decode_datetime(obj): if b'__datetime__' in obj: obj = datetime.datetime.strptime(obj["as_str"], "%Y%m%dT%H:%M:%S.%f") return obj def encode_datetime(obj): if isinstance(obj, datetime.datetime): return {'__datetime__': True, 'as_str': obj.strftime("%Y%m%dT%H:%M:%S.%f")} return obj packed_dict = msgpack.packb(useful_dict, default=encode_datetime) this_dict_again = msgpack.unpackb(packed_dict, object_hook=decode_datetime) ``Unpacker``'s ``object_hook`` callback receives a dict; the ``object_pairs_hook`` callback may instead be used to receive a list of key-value pairs. Extended types ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ It is also possible to pack/unpack custom data types using the msgpack 2.0 feature. >>> import msgpack >>> import array >>> def default(obj): ... if isinstance(obj, array.array) and obj.typecode == 'd': ... return msgpack.ExtType(42, obj.tostring()) ... raise TypeError("Unknown type: %r" % (obj,)) ... >>> def ext_hook(code, data): ... if code == 42: ... a = array.array('d') ... a.fromstring(data) ... return a ... return ExtType(code, data) ... >>> data = array.array('d', [1.2, 3.4]) >>> packed = msgpack.packb(data, default=default) >>> unpacked = msgpack.unpackb(packed, ext_hook=ext_hook) >>> data == unpacked True Advanced unpacking control ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ As an alternative to iteration, ``Unpacker`` objects provide ``unpack``, ``skip``, ``read_array_header`` and ``read_map_header`` methods. The former two read an entire message from the stream, respectively deserialising and returning the result, or ignoring it. The latter two methods return the number of elements in the upcoming container, so that each element in an array, or key-value pair in a map, can be unpacked or skipped individually. Each of these methods may optionally write the packed data it reads to a callback function: :: from io import BytesIO def distribute(unpacker, get_worker): nelems = unpacker.read_map_header() for i in range(nelems): # Select a worker for the given key key = unpacker.unpack() worker = get_worker(key) # Send the value as a packed message to worker bytestream = BytesIO() unpacker.skip(bytestream.write) worker.send(bytestream.getvalue()) Note about performance ------------------------ GC ^^ CPython's GC starts when growing allocated object. This means unpacking may cause useless GC. You can use ``gc.disable()`` when unpacking large message. `use_list` option ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ List is the default sequence type of Python. But tuple is lighter than list. You can use ``use_list=False`` while unpacking when performance is important. Python's dict can't use list as key and MessagePack allows array for key of mapping. ``use_list=False`` allows unpacking such message. Another way to unpacking such object is using ``object_pairs_hook``. Test ---- MessagePack uses `pytest` for testing. Run test with following command: $ py.test .. vim: filetype=rst
当你通过 `yum` 安装 Chromium 浏览器时报出依赖冲突错误,通常是因为系统中存在一些版本不兼容的包或者某些必要的库文件缺失。 ### 解决步骤: #### 1. **更新 YUM 软件源** 首先确保你的软件源是最新的,并且包含最新的软件包信息。你可以运行以下命令来更新软件源缓存: ```bash sudo yum update -y ``` #### 2. **检查现有依赖项冲突** 使用 `yum deplist` 查看 Chromium 的所有依赖项列表以及当前系统的满足情况 ```bash yum deplist chromium ``` 如果发现有冲突的依赖项,则需要分析具体的冲突原因并尝试解决这些冲突。 #### 3. **清理旧版或冗余的软件包** 某些时候残留的历史版本或其他不必要的软件可能会导致安装失败。可以考虑使用以下命令清理不再需要的软件包及它们相关的配置文件等数据。 ```bash sudo yum autoremove sudo yum clean all ``` #### 4. **手动指定版本安装** 如果默认仓库提供的最新版与您的操作系统环境不符,您可以试着下载特定版本的 RPM 包进行本地安装;也可以从其他更稳定的第方镜像站获取适合您OS架构和内核级别的Chromium rpm包 找到合适的RPM链接后直接用wget下载再通过rpm -ivh 安装 ```bash # 示例命令 cd /tmp/ wget [URL_OF_THE_RPM_FILE] # 替换为实际网址 sudo rpm -Uvh ./chromium*.rpm ``` #### 5. **添加 EPEL 或者 ELRepo 等额外存储库** 对于企业级 Linux 发行版来说,默认官方源可能并不提供完整的开源浏览器支持,这时就需要开启外部社区维护的质量较高的附加组件资源池如EPEL(Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux)、ELRepo (Enterprise Linux Repository),以便更好地解决问题。 例如,在 CentOS 上启用 EPEL: ```bash sudo yum install epel-release sudo yum-config-manager --enable epel* ``` 然后再次尝试安装 Chromium 即可。 --- 希望以上方法可以帮助你顺利地完成 Chromium 的安装
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