【无线通信协议笔记】蓝牙篇:BLE HID协议

概述

BLE HID协议规范是以USB HID协议规范为蓝本的，可以认为是USB HID的无线方式。那么作为人机交互设备(HID)，我们常见产品有：蓝牙鼠标，蓝牙键盘，蓝牙游戏手柄，蓝牙自拍杆等。另外有一点就是，对于Android系统的手机，手机BLE会主动连接已配对的支持BLE HID服务协议的设备。那么淘宝上的那种通过手机系统蓝牙自动连接开车锁的装置，就是用的这个原理。

BLE HID协议内容

报告

蓝牙人机交互设备支持三种报告（Report）：报告（Input）,输出（Output）, 特征（Feature）。
输入报告:
BLE HID 从机设备发数据给 BLE HID主机设备.
输出报告:
BLE HID 主机设备发数据给 BLE HID从机设备.
特征报告:双向数据通道

通道

分为控制（同步）通道Control Channel和中断（异步）通道Interrupt Channel

模型

分为启动协议模型和报告协议模型,默认一般都是使用报告协议

消息

消息的大小不能超过L2CAP蓝牙逻辑链路控制和适配协议的MTU

服务

BLE HID服务UUID为0x1812（标准规范），数据存放在报告中，通过下面的各个特征 characteristic 来收发 HID 的报告数据。

代码分析

以Telink 825x SDK为例

#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_BOOT_KEY_INPUT          0x2A22    //!< HID Boot Keyboard Input Report
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_BOOT_KEY_OUTPUT         0x2A32    //!< HID Boot Keyboard Output Report
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_BOOT_MOUSE_INPUT        0x2A33    //!< HID Boot Mouse Input Report
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_INFORMATION             0x2A4A    //!< HID Information
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_REPORT_MAP              0x2A4B    //!< HID Report Map
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_CONTROL_POINT           0x2A4C    //!< HID Control Point
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_REPORT                  0x2A4D    //!< HID Report
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_PROTOCOL_MODE           0x2A4E    //!< HID Protocol Mode

 Battery /
static const u16 my_batServiceUUID = SERVICE_UUID_BATTERY;
static const u16 my_batCharUUID = CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_BATTERY_LEVEL;
static u8 batteryValueInCCC[2];
static u8 my_batVal[1] = {
    99 };
 HID /

static const u16 my_hidServiceUUID = SERVICE_UUID_HUMAN_INTERFACE_DEVICE;

static const u16 hidServiceUUID = SERVICE_UUID_HUMAN_INTERFACE_DEVICE;
static const u16 hidProtocolModeUUID = CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_PROTOCOL_MODE;
static const u16 hidReportUUID = CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_REPORT;
static const u16 hidReportMapUUID = CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_REPORT_MAP;
static const u16 hidbootKeyInReportUUID = CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_BOOT_KEY_INPUT;
static const u16 hidbootKeyOutReportUUID = CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_BOOT_KEY_OUTPUT;
static const u16 hidbootMouseInReportUUID = CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_BOOT_MOUSE_INPUT;
static const u16 hidinformationUUID = CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_INFORMATION;
static const u16 hidCtrlPointUUID = CHARACTERISTIC_UUID_HID_CONTROL_POINT;
static const u16 hidIncludeUUID = GATT_UUID_INCLUDE;

static const u8 protocolMode = DFLT_HID_PROTOCOL_MODE;

// Key in Report characteristic variables
static u8 reportKeyIn[8];
static u8 reportKeyInCCC[2];
// HID Report Reference characteristic descriptor, key input
static const u8 reportRefKeyIn[2] =
{
    HID_REPORT_ID_KEYBOARD_INPUT, HID_REPORT_TYPE_INPUT };

// Key out Report characteristic variables
static u8 reportKeyOut[1];
static const u8 reportRefKeyOut[2] =
{
    HID_REPORT_ID_KEYBOARD_INPUT, HID_REPORT_TYPE_OUTPUT };

// Consumer Control input Report
static u8 reportConsumerControlIn[2];
static u8 reportConsumerControlInCCC[2];
static const u8 reportRefConsumerControlIn[2] =
{
    HID_REPORT_ID_CONSUME_CONTROL_INPUT, HID_REPORT_TYPE_INPUT };

// Boot Keyboard Input Report
static u8 bootKeyInReport;
static u8 bootKeyInReportCCC[2];

// Boot Keyboard Output Report
static u8 bootKeyOutReport;

// HID Information characteristic
static const u8 hidInformation[] =
{
   
  U16_LO(0x0111), U16_HI(0x0111),             // bcdHID (USB HID version)
  0x00,                                       // bCountryCode
  0x01                                        // Flags
};

// HID Control Point characteristic
static u8 controlPoint;

// HID Report Map characteristic
// Keyboard report descriptor (using format for Boot interface descriptor)

static const u8 reportMap[] =
{
   
	//keyboard report in
	0x05, 0x01,     // Usage Pg (Generic Desktop)
	0x09, 0x06,     // Usage (Keyboard)
	0xA1, 0x01,     // Collection: (Application)
	0x85, HID_REPORT_ID_KEYBOARD_INPUT,     // Report Id (keyboard)
				  //
	0x05, 0x07,     // Usage Pg (Key Codes)
	0x19, 0xE0,     // Usage Min (224)  VK_CTRL:0xe0
	0x29, 0xE7,     // Usage Max (231)  VK_RWIN:0xe7
	0x15, 0x00