TCP/IP套接字示例（Hello World改写）

服务器端 tcp_server.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
void error_handling(char *message);

int main(int argc, char*argv[]){
    int serv_sock;
    int clnt_sock;
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    struct sockaddr_in clnt_addr;
    socklen_t clnt_addr_size;

    char message[] = "Hello World!";

    if(argc != 2){
        printf("Usage : %s <port>\n", argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }

    //调用socket函数创建套接字
    serv_sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(serv_sock == -1){
        error_handling("socket() error");
    }

    memset(&serv_addr, 0, sizeof(serv_addr));
    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    serv_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1]));

    //调用bind()函数分配IP和端口号
    if(bind(serv_sock, (struct sockaddr*) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) == -1){
        error_handling("bind() error");
    }

    //调用listen()函数将套接字转为可接受连接状态
    if(listen(serv_sock, 5) == -1){
        error_handling("listen() error");
    }

    //经过一下代码则说明已经有了连接请求
    clnt_addr_size = sizeof(clnt_addr);
    clnt_sock = accept(serv_sock, (struct sockaddr*) &clnt_addr, &clnt_addr_size);
    if(clnt_sock == -1){
        error_handling("accept() error");
    }

    write(clnt_sock, message, sizeof(message));
    close(clnt_sock);
    close(serv_sock);
    return 0;
}

void error_handling(char *message){
    fputs(message, stderr);
    fputc('\n', stderr);
    exit(1);
}

客户端代码 tcp_client.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

void error_handling(char *message);

int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
    int sock;
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    char message[30];
    int str_len = 0;
    int idx = 0;
    int read_len = 0;

    if(argc != 3){
        printf("Usage : %s <IP> <port>\n", argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }

    /**
    *创建套接字，但是此时套接字并不会马上分为服务器端或者客户端。
    *需要依靠后面调用的函数，如果是bind或者listen函数，就会成为服务器套接字；
    *如果是connect函数，将会成为客户端套接字。
    */
    sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(sock == -1){
        error_handling("socket() error");
    }

    memset(&serv_addr, 0, sizeof(serv_addr));
    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
    serv_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));

    if(connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) == -1){
        error_handling("connect() error");
    }

    while(read_len = read(sock, &message[idx++], 1)){
        if(read_len == -1){
            error_handling("read() error!");
        }
        str_len += read_len;
    }

    printf("Message from server: %s \n", message);
    printf("Function read call count : %d \n", str_len);
    close(sock);
    return 0;
}

void error_handling(char *message){
    fputs(message, stderr);
    fputc('\n', stderr);
    exit(1);
}

测试：

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成功！！！