zynq-7000移植linux操作系统

开发环境:	vivado 2017.4, ubuntu 16.04
开发板:		ax7010 
编译器:		gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf
u-boot:		u-boot-xlnx-v2017.4
linux内核:	linux-xlnx-xilinx-v2017.4
rootfs:		debian文件系统

1.u-boot

• 配置

##写入zc702的默认配置 选择选相近型号即可
make ARCH=arm zynq_zc702_defconfig	
##进入图形配置界面
make ARCH=arm menuconfig

• BOOT media->support QSPI/SPI flash
  
• 编译

make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf-

• 编译成功后生产的是 u-boot，重命名为 u-boot.elf，用于生成 BOOT.bin文件

2.linux内核

• 配置

##写入zynq的默认配置
make ARCH=arm xilinx_zynq_defconfig
##进入图形配置界面
make ARCH=arm menuconfig

• Device Drivers->Memory Technology Device(MTD) surport->Self-contained MTD device drivers->support most SPI Flash
  
• Device Drivers->Common Clock Framework->Digilent axi_dynclk Driver
  
• Device Drivers->Graphics support-> Digilent VGA/HDMI DRM Encoder Driver
  
• 编译

make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf-

• 编译成功后生成的 ./arch/arm/boot/zImage 即为内核文件

3.devicetree.dtb

• 生成设备树可参考利用Xilinx SDK生成设备树
• 修改pcw.dtsi中的qpsi节点

&qspi {
	is-dual = <0>;
	num-cs = <1>;
	spi-rx-bus-width = <4>;
	spi-tx-bus-width = <4>;
	status = "okay";
	#address-cells = <1>;
	#size-cells = <0>;
	flash0: flash@0 {
		compatible = "n25q512a","micron,m25p80";
	    reg = <0x0>;
		#address-cells = <1>;
		#size-cells = <1>;
		spi-max-frequency = <50000000>;
		partition@0x00000000 {
			label = "boot";
			reg = <0x00000000 0x00500000>;
		};
		partition@0x00500000 {
			label = "bootenv";
			reg = <0x00500000 0x00020000>;
        };
		partition@0x00520000 {
			label = "kernel";  
			reg = <0x00520000 0x00a80000>;
		};
		partition@0x00fa0000 {
			label = "devicetree";
			reg = <0x00fa0000 0x00020000>;
		};
		partition@0x00fc0000 {
			label = "bitstream";
			reg = <0x00fc0000 0x00500000>;
		};
	};
};

• 修改设备树system-top.dts文件

/dts-v1/;
/include/ "zynq-7000.dtsi"
/include/ "pl.dtsi"
/include/ "pcw.dtsi"

/ {
	chosen {
		bootargs = "console=ttyPS0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw earlyprintk rootfstype=ext4 rootwait earlycon";
		stdout-path = "serial0:115200n8";
	};
	aliases {
		ethernet0 = &gem0;
		serial0 = &uart1;
		spi0 = &qspi;
	};
	memory {
		device_type = "memory";
		reg = <0x0 0x20000000>;
	};
	usb_phy0: usb_phy@0 {
		compatible = "ulpi-phy";
		#phy-cells = <0>;
		reg = <0xe0002000 0x1000>;
		view-port = <0x0170>;
		drv-vbus;
	};
};

&i2c0 {
	clock-frequency = <100000>;
};

&usb0 {
	dr_mode = "host";
	usb-phy = <&usb_phy0>;
};

&sdhci0 {
	u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
};

&uart1 {
	u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
};

&flash0 {
	compatible = "micron,m25p80", "w25q256", "spi-flash";
};

&gem0 {
	phy-handle = <&ethernet_phy>;
	ethernet_phy: ethernet-phy@1 {
		reg = <1>;
		device_type = "ethernet-phy";
	};
};

&amba_pl {
	hdmi_encoder_0:hdmi_encoder {
		compatible = "digilent,drm-encoder";
		digilent,edid-i2c = <&i2c0>;
	};
	xilinx_drm {
		compatible = "xlnx,drm";
		xlnx,vtc = <&v_tc_0>;
		xlnx,connector-type = "HDMIA";
		xlnx,encoder-slave = <&hdmi_encoder_0>;
		clocks = <&axi_dynclk_0>;
		dglnt,edid-i2c = <&i2c0>;
		planes {
			xlnx,pixel-format = "rgb888";
			plane0 {
				dmas = <&axi_vdma_0 0>;
				dma-names = "dma";
			};
		};
	};
};

&axi_dynclk_0 {
	compatible = "digilent,axi-dynclk";
	#clock-cells = <0>;
	clocks = <&clkc 15>;
};

&v_tc_0 {
	compatible = "xlnx,v-tc-5.01.a";
};

• 编译设备树

dtc -I dts -O dtb -o devicetree.dtb system-top.dts

4.BOOT.bin

• BOOT.bin由FSBL.elf，FPGA.bit，u-boot.elf打包生成

 - FSBL.elf		##使用Xilinx SDK例程即可
 - FPGA.bit		##此处使用黑金例程提供的.bit文件
 - u-boot.elf  	##u-boot编译生成

• Xilinx SDK->Xilinx->Create Boot Image->依次添加FSBL.elf，FPGA.bit，u-boot.elf->Create Image
  
• BOOT.bin即在上图Output path路径下

5.根文件系统

• 将SD卡分为两个区
• Part1 fat32 用于存储BOOT.bin zImage devicetree.dtb
• Part2 ext4 用于存储根文件系统
  
  
• 此处使用的是黑金提供的debian系统，写入SD卡ext4fs分区即可。假定挂载路径为/media/dingz/rootfs：

tar -zxvfp debian_rootfs.tar.gz -C /media/dingz/rootfs

6.修改bootargs与bootcmd

• 开发板启动方式设为SD卡启动，连接串口，打开超级终端，autoboot前按下任意键，进入u-boot命令行
  

##NFS
##setenv bootargs 'console=ttyPS0,115200 root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.1.100:/home/dingz/work/nfs/rootfs,proto=tcp ip=192.168.1.110:192.168.1.100:192.168.1.1:255.255.255.0::eth0:off rw earlyprintk rootfstype=ext4 rootwait earlycon'
setenv bootargs 'console=ttyPS0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw earlyprintk rootfstype=ext4 rootwait earlycon'
setenv bootcmd 'fatload mmc 0:1 0x2080000 zImage;fatload mmc 0:1 0x2000000 devicetree.dtb;bootz 0x2080000 - 0x2000000'
##将.bit文件从BOOT.bin中剥离时
#1使用.bit
#setenv bootcmd 'fatload mmc 0:1 0x100000 design_1_wrapper.bit;fpga loadb 0 0x100000 0x200000;fatload mmc 0:1 0x2080000 zImage;fatload mmc 0:1 0x2000000 devicetree.dtb;bootz 0x2080000 - 0x2000000'
#2使用.bin
#setenv bootcmd 'fatload mmc 0:1 0x100000 design_1_wrapper.bin;fpga load 0 0x100000 0x200000;fatload mmc 0:1 0x2080000 zImage;fatload mmc 0:1 0x2000000 devicetree.dtb;bootz 0x2080000 - 0x2000000'
saveenv
print			##检查是否修改成功
boot			##执行bootcmd启动linux系统

7.相关网站

• ARM交叉编译器：linaro arm交叉编译器
• u-boot-xlnx-v2017.4.tar.gz：xilinx u-boot
• linux-xlnx-xilinx-v2017.4.tar.gz：xilinx linux