Opencv图片旋转,镜像(remap,flip,transpose)

前言

前几天遇到了一个图片处理的问题,需要对图片进行90度旋转,不想一个像素一个像素的去计算坐标对应情况,就上网查opencv(420版本)相关资料,看看有没有现成的函数,所幸找到了.

1.remap

本来一开始是使用remap对图片进行旋转镜像处理,但都是180°的处理,旋转90°的没用remap做过,感觉计算会比较繁琐
函数原型:
void cv::remap ( InputArray src,
OutputArray dst,
InputArray map1,
InputArray map2,
int interpolation,
int borderMode = BORDER_CONSTANT,
const Scalar & borderValue = Scalar()
)
remap相关代码及运行结果:(显示结果图片边缘有红线,不太想去解决了…)

Mat RemapTransform(Mat srcMat,int num)
{
	Mat map_x, map_y, result;
	map_x.create(srcMat.size(), CV_32FC1);
	map_y.create(srcMat.size(), CV_32FC1);
	for (int col = 0; col < srcMat.cols; col++) {
		for (int row = 0; row < srcMat.rows; row++) {
			switch (num)
			{
			case -1:///旋转180°
				map_x.at<float>(row, col) = srcMat.cols - col;
				map_y.at<float>(row, col) = srcMat.rows - row;
				break;
			case 0://垂直镜像
				map_x.at<float>(row, col) = col;
				map_y.at<float>(row, col) = srcMat.rows - row;
				break;
			case 1://水平镜像
				map_x.at<float>(row, col) = srcMat.cols - col;
				map_y.at<float>(row, col) = row;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	remap(srcMat, result, map_x, map_y, INTER_LINEAR, BORDER_CONSTANT, Scalar(0, 0, 255));
	map_x.release();
	map_y.release();
	return result;
}

2. flip

后来在查找90°旋转的时候看到了这个,再给图片做镜像处理的时候,flip完全可以替代remap,代码简单,效率感觉也快了一些
函数原型:void cv::flip ( InputArray src, OutputArray dst, int flipCode )
主要靠第三个参数进行调节:
flipCode <0: 旋转180°
flipCode =0: 垂直镜像
flipCode >0: 水平镜像
flip和remap相关代码及运行结果的对比:

#include "opencv420.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2\opencv.hpp>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
Mat RemapTransform(Mat srcMat, int num);
int main()
{
	Mat src = imread("nvhai.jpeg");
	Mat f0, f1, f_1;
	Mat rp0, rp1, rp_1;
	clock_t t0, t1, t2, r0, r1, r2,ed;

	t0 = clock();
	flip(src, f_1, -1);
	t1 = clock();
	flip(src, f0, 0);
	t2 = clock();
	flip(src, f1, 1);
	r0 = clock();
	rp_1 = RemapTransform(src, -1);
	r1 = clock();
	rp0 = RemapTransform(src, 0);
	r2 = clock();
	rp1 = RemapTransform(src, 1);
	ed = clock();

	imshow("Src", src);
	imshow("flip:-1", f_1);//旋转180
	imshow("flip:0", f0);//垂直镜像
	imshow("flip:1", f1);//水平镜像
	imshow("rp:-1", rp_1);//旋转180
	imshow("rp:0", rp0);//垂直镜像
	imshow("rp:1", rp1);//水平镜像

	cout << "fl_1: " << (double)(t1 - t0) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s" << endl;
	cout << "fl 0: " << (double)(t2 - t1) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s" << endl;
	cout << "fl 1: " << (double)(r0 - t2) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s" << endl;
	cout << "fl t: " << (double)(r0 - t0) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s" << endl;
	cout << "rp_1: " << (double)(r1 - r0) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s" << endl;
	cout << "rp 0: " << (double)(r2 - r1) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s" << endl;
	cout << "rp 1: " << (double)(ed - r2) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s" << endl;

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

Mat RemapTransform(Mat srcMat,int num)
{
	Mat map_x, map_y, result;

	map_x.create(srcMat.size(), CV_32FC1);
	map_y.create(srcMat.size(), CV_32FC1);

	for (int col = 0; col < srcMat.cols; col++) {
		for (int row = 0; row < srcMat.rows; row++) {
			switch (num)
			{
			case -1:
				map_x.at<float>(row, col) = srcMat.cols - col;
				map_y.at<float>(row, col) = srcMat.rows - row;
				break;
			case 0:
				map_x.at<float>(row, col) = col;
				map_y.at<float>(row, col) = srcMat.rows - row;
				break;
			case 1:
				map_x.at<float>(row, col) = srcMat.cols - col;
				map_y.at<float>(row, col) = row;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	remap(srcMat, result, map_x, map_y, INTER_LINEAR, BORDER_CONSTANT, Scalar(0, 0, 255));
	map_x.release();
	map_y.release();
	return result;
}

运行时间对比:可见flip比remap快很多

3.transpose

最后则是最初要寻找的能够旋转90°的函数
函数原型:void cv::transpose ( InputArray src,OutputArray dst )
这个代码就不写了,一句话的事情,直接上图:
通过两图对比:可以发现transpose是对原图进行了90°旋转和镜像翻转处理

4.transpose+flip

找到了需要的函数,剩下的就是学会对齐灵活运用.我们知道transpose可以对图片进行90°旋转,但是旋转后的图片不一定使我们想要的,这时就要考虑把transpose和flip结合起来用
最终代码如下:

#include "opencv420.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2\opencv.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
int main()
{
	Mat src = imread("nvhai.jpeg");
	Mat fs0, fs1, fs_1;
	flip(src, fs_1, -1);
	flip(src, fs0, 0);
	flip(src, fs1, 1);

	Mat tmp;
	transpose(src, tmp);
	Mat ft0, ft1, ft_1;
	flip(tmp, ft_1, -1);
	flip(tmp, ft0, 0);
	flip(tmp, ft1, 1);

	imshow("Src", src);
	imshow("flips:-1", fs_1);//旋转180
	imshow("flips:0", fs0);//垂直镜像
	imshow("flips:1", fs1);//水平镜像
	imshow("transpose", tmp);
	imshow("flipt:-1", ft_1);//旋转180
	imshow("flipt:0", ft0);//垂直镜像
	imshow("flipt:1", ft1);//水平镜像

	waitKey(0);

	src.release();
	fs_1.release();
	fs0.release();
	fs1.release();
	tmp.release();
	ft_1.release();
	ft0.release();
	ft1.release();
	return 0;
}

src + flip + transpose + flip