[数据库]50道经典SQL练习题,使用MySQL5.7解答

数据表介绍

--1.学生表
Student(SId,Sname,Sage,Ssex)
--SId 学生编号,Sname 学生姓名,Sage 出生年月,Ssex 学生性别
--2.课程表
Course(CId,Cname,TId)
--CId 课程编号,Cname 课程名称,TId 教师编号
--3.教师表
Teacher(TId,Tname)
--TId 教师编号,Tname 教师姓名
--4.成绩表
SC(SId,CId,score)
--SId 学生编号,CId 课程编号,score 分数

练习题目

1.查询" 01 “课程比” 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

-- 此处可以先考虑分别查询 01和02课程的学员id和分数
select SId,score from SC where CId = '01';
select SId,score from SC where CId = '02';
-- 对比结果可以清楚的知道,两个表中有些SId不对应,不对应就没有可比性
-- 因此可以对两个结果做join,条件就是SId要相等,
-- 并且01的成绩要比02大
select s1.SId,s1.score
from 
(select SId,score from SC where CId = '01') s1
join
(select SId,score from SC where CId = '02') s2
on s1.SId = s2.SId
where s1.score > s2.score

-- 通过以上的sql得到了符合条件的学员id和分数,再到学员表中获取学员信息
select stu.SId,stu.Sname,s.score 
from student as stu 
right join (
        select s1.SId,s1.score
        from 
        (select SId,score from SC where CId = '01') s1
        join
        (select SId,score from SC where CId = '02') s2
        on s1.SId = s2.SId
        where s1.score > s2.score
    ) as s
on stu.SId = s.SId;

2. 查询同时存在" 01 “课程和” 02 "课程的情况

-- 本题和上一题内容相似,我们只需要把01和02的学员的SID作为连接条件就可以
select s1.*
from 
(select SId,score from SC where CId = '01') s1
join
(select SId,score from SC where CId = '02') s2
on s1.SId = s2.SId

3. 查询存在" 01 “课程但可能不存在” 02 "课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null )

select s1.SId,s2.score
from 
(select SId,score from SC where CId = '01') s1
left join
(select SId,score from SC where CId = '02') s2
on s1.SId = s2.SId

4. 查询不存在" 01 “课程但存在” 02 "课程的情况

select * from SC 
where SId not in(select SId from SC where CId = '01')
and CId = '02' 

5.查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

-- 此题主要考核 分组后的条件过滤
select SC.SId,Sname,round(avg(score),2) as avg_score
from SC,Student
where SC.SId = Student.SId
group by SC.SId,Sname having avg_score >= 60;

6.查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学生信息

-- 此题主要考核 数据去重 distinct 
select distinct stu.* from Student stu join SC on SC.SId = stu.SId;

7.查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 null )

select stu.SId,stu.Sname,count(SC.CId) as total ,sum(SC.score) as sum_score
from Student as stu left join SC on stu.SId = SC.SId
group by stu.SId,stu.Sname;

8.查询「李」姓老师的数量

select count(*) from teacher where Tname like '李%';

9.查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息

select stu.*
from Student as stu 
join SC on stu.SId = SC.SId
join course as C on SC.CId = C.CId
join Teacher as T on C.TId = T.TId
where T.Tname = '张三';

10.查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息

-- 排除法,找到所有学过全部课程的学生,
select * from Student where SId not in(
    select SId from SC group by SId having count(CId) = (select count(*) from course)
)

11.查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息

select distinct stu.* 
from student as stu 
left join sc on sc.SId = stu.SId 
where sc.CId in (select CId from sc where SId = '01');

12.查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程 完全相同的其他同学的信息

-- 注意要对比的是课程ID号,在对比课程数
select s2.SId
from SC as s1 join SC as s2
on s1.CId = s2.CId and s1.SId = '01' and s2.SId != '01'  
group by s2.SId 
having count(s1.SId) = (select count(*) from SC where SId = '01');

select stu.* 
from student as stu 
left join sc on sc.SId = stu.SId 
join ( select CId from sc where SId = '01') as t on t.CId = sc.CId 
group by stu.SId having count(sc.SId) = 5;

13.查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

select SId,Sname from Student where SId not in 
(select SId from SC
    where CId = (
        select Course.Cid from Course 
        join Teacher on Teacher.TId = Course.TId 
        where Teacher.Tname = '张三'
        ))

14.查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩

select SC.SId,Student.Sname,round(avg(SC.score),2) as avg_sc 
from SC join Student on Student.SId = SC.SId
where SC.score < 60 group by SC.SId,Student.Sname 
having count(SC.CId) >=2;

15.检索" 01 "课程分数小于 60，按分数降序排列的学生信息

select SC.SId,Student.Sname,SC.score
from SC join Student