GZHU18级寒假训练：Leo's Trial-G

UVA-11624

• Joe works in a maze. Unfortunately, portions of the maze have
  caught on fire, and the owner of the maze neglected to create a fire
  escape plan. Help Joe escape the maze.
  Given Joe’s location in the maze and which squares of the maze
  are on fire, you must determine whether Joe can exit the maze before
  the fire reaches him, and how fast he can do it.
  Joe and the fire each move one square per minute, vertically or
  horizontally (not diagonally). The fire spreads all four directions
  from each square that is on fire. Joe may exit the maze from any
  square that borders the edge of the maze. Neither Joe nor the fire
  may enter a square that is occupied by a wall.

• Input
  The first line of input contains a single integer, the number of test
  cases to follow. The first line of each test case contains the two
  integers R and C, separated by spaces, with 1 ≤ R, C ≤ 1000. The
  following R lines of the test case each contain one row of the maze. Each of these lines contains exactly
  C characters, and each of these characters is one of:
  • #, a wall
  • ., a passable square
  • J, Joe’s initial position in the maze, which is a passable square
  • F, a square that is on fire
  There will be exactly one J in each test case.

• Output
  For each test case, output a single line containing ‘IMPOSSIBLE’ if Joe cannot exit the maze before the
  fire reaches him, or an integer giving the earliest time Joe can safely exit the maze, in minutes.

• Sample Input
  2
  4 4

  -####
  -#JF#
  -#…#
  -#…#
  3 3
  -###
  -#J.
  -#.F

• Sample Output
  3
  IMPOSSIBLE

---

这是一个双重BFS的题，第一个是joe的逃跑路线，第二个是火势蔓延路线，joe的出始位置一定，起火位置不一定。

---

#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
#include <memory.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX 1100
using namespace std;
struct P//用来存储路径的节点
{
    int r,c;
    int step;
    P(int _r,int _c,int _s)
    {
        r=_r,c=_c,step=_s;
    }
    P(){}
};
 
const int dr[] = {0,0,1,-1};//构造函数
const int dc[] = {1,-1,0,0};
char Map[MAX][MAX];//存储地图
int visit[MAX][MAX];//BFS中最重要的visit数组
int times[MAX][MAX];//记录每个地方被烧到所需的时间
int r,c;//行，列
int Step;//记录最终逃脱所需的步数或时间
P J;
queue<P> q;//全局队列，这是本题的关键，也是一个大坑
 
void clear_q()//用来清除队列中的数据
{
    while(!q.empty())
        q.pop();
}
 
void show_time()//调试使用
{
    for(int i=0;i<r;i++)
    {
        for(int j=0;j<c;j++)
        {
            cout<<times[i][j]<<' ';
        }
        cout<<endl;
    }
}
 
void bfs_fire()//预处理，求出每一个位置被烧到所需要花的时间
{
    int i;
    int R,C,Time;
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        P temp=q.front();
        q.pop();
        //cout<<temp.r<<' '<<temp.c<<endl;
        for(i=0;i<4;i++)
        {
            R=temp.r+dr[i];
            C=temp.c+dc[i];
            Time=temp.step+1;
            if(R>=0&&R<r&&C>=0&&C<c&&(Map[R][C]=='.'||Map[R][C]=='J')&&visit[R][C]==0)
            {
                //cout<<R<<' '<<C<<endl;
                visit[R][C]=1;
                q.push(P(R,C,Time));
                times[R][C]=Time;
            }
        }
    }
}
 
 
int bfs_joe()//逃跑路线，每走一个位置，不仅要看是否符合一般条件，还要用到上一步求出的时间
{
    int i;
    int R,C,Time;
    clear_q();
    q.push(J);
    visit[J.r][J.c]=1;
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        P temp=q.front();
        q.pop();
        //cout<<temp.r<<' '<<temp.c<<endl;
        if(temp.r==0||temp.r==(r-1)||temp.c==0||temp.c==(c-1))
        {
            Step=temp.step+1;
            return 1;
        }
        for(i=0;i<4;i++)
        {
            R=temp.r+dr[i];
            C=temp.c+dc[i];
            Time=temp.step+1;
            if(R>=0&&R<r&&C>=0&&C<c&&Map[R][C]=='.'&&visit[R][C]==0&&Time<times[R][C])
            {
                visit[R][C]=1;
                q.push(P(R,C,Time));
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
 
int main()
{
    int i,j;
    int t;
    cin>>t;
    while(t--)
    {
        clear_q();//清空队列
        cin>>r>>c;
        for(i=0;i<r;i++)
        {
            cin>>Map[i];
            for(j=0;j<c;j++)
            {
                if(Map[i][j]=='F')//本题最最坑爹的地方，题意并没有直接对着火点的数量进行说明，但确实说了，隐含在portions 这个单词中，fuck，英文不好真捉急
                {
                    q.push(P(i,j,0));
                    times[i][j]=0;
                    visit[i][j]=1;
                }
                if(Map[i][j]=='J')
                {
                    J.r=i;
                    J.c=j;
                    J.step=0;
                }
            }
        }
 
        for(i=0;i<r;i++)//每个点的初始被烧所需的时间应该设为正无穷
        {
            for(j=0;j<c;j++)
            {
                times[i][j]=1000000007;
            }
        }
        memset(visit,0,sizeof(visit));//visit数组是两个BFS公用的，所以需要初始化一下
        bfs_fire();
        //show_time();
        memset(visit,0,sizeof(visit));
        if(bfs_joe())
            cout<<Step<<endl;
        else
            cout<<"IMPOSSIBLE"<<endl;
 
    }
    return 0;
}

代码来源：https://blog.csdn.net/wr132/article/details/45399337