利用python计算任意多边形面积

将n边形分割为n-2个三角形，利用向量叉乘法计算三角形面积分别计算每个三角形面积后累加得多边形面积。
第一次写博客，见笑了。

python代码.

import math
import re
VERTICES_FILE = "vertices.txt"

class Point:
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

    def move(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

    def reset(self):
        self.x = 0
        self.y = 0

    def calculate_distance(self, other_point):
        """计算两点间距离"""
        distance = math.sqrt((self.x - other_point.x) ** 2 + (self.y - other_point.y) ** 2)
        return distance

    def __str__(self):
        return "({},{})".format(self.x, self.y)


class Polygon:
    def __init__(self):
        self.vertices = []
        self.points2vertices()

    def points2vertices(self):
        """读取坐标文件，并转换为顶点对象"""
        with open(VERTICES_FILE, "r", encoding="utf-8") as fr:
            # 定义一个用于切割字符串的正则
            seq = re.compile(",")
            for d in fr.readlines():
                # 读取出来的数据d为字符串，需切割后拼接为列表
                point = seq.split(d.strip())
                # 将列表转为坐标元组,测绘坐标与绘图坐标x,y互换
                point = (float(point[1]), float(point[0]))
                if isinstance(point, tuple):
                    point = Point(*point)
                    self.vertices.append(point)
    
    def perimeter(self):
        perimeter = 0
        points = self.vertices + [self.vertices[0]]
        for i in range(len(self.vertices)):
            perimeter += points[i].calculate_distance(points[i + 1])
        return perimeter

    def area(self):
        """给出任意一个多边形，其顶点坐标依次为（x0，y0），（x1，y1），（x2，y2），...，（xn，yn）（其中n=2，3，4，…），
        则其面积可表示为：

                     |Xi      Yi     |
        AREA = sigma |               | /2
        (i= 0,...n)  |X(i+1)  Y(i+1) |

        """
        n = len(self.vertices)
        if n < 3:
            return 0
        area = 0
        for i in range(n-2):
            # 以第一个坐标点为原点，将多边形分割为n-2个三角形，分别计算每个三角形面积后累加得多边形面积
            area += self.calculate_triangle_area(self.vertices[0], self.vertices[i+1], self.vertices[i+2])
        return abs(area)

    @staticmethod
    def calculate_triangle_area(point_a, point_b, point_c):
        """向量叉乘法计算三角形面积"""
        triangle_area = 0.5*((point_b.x - point_a.x)*(point_c.y - point_a.y) -
                             (point_b.y - point_a.y)*(point_c.x - point_a.x))
        return triangle_area


if __name__ == "__main__":
    polygon1 = Polygon()
    print("面积：{:.3f},周长：{:.3f}".format(polygon1.area(), polygon1.perimeter()))

将以下坐标复制至记事本，保存为坐标文件 vertices.txt：
18453.751,114760.926
18449.551,114777.988
18441.985,114777.334
18442.764,114768.321
18444.064,114766.257
18444.309,114766.273
18445.070,114756.212
18448.973,114758.467

[参考资料]
1.相思明月楼-计算任意多边形的面积(已知各顶点的坐标)(https://blog.csdn.net/Adusts/article/details/80546770)