明解C语言（入门篇）第十二章

练习12-1

#include <stdio.h>

#define NAME_LEN 64

struct student {
	char name[NAME_LEN];
	int height;
	float weight;
	double schlors;
};

int main(void)
{
	struct student takao = { "Takao",173,86.3 };
	printf("姓名是%s,其地址为%p\n", takao.name,&(takao.name));
	printf("身高是%d,其地址为%p\n", takao.height,&(takao.height));
	printf("体重是%.1f,其地址为%p\n", takao.weight,&(takao.weight));
	printf("奖学金是%d,其地址为%p\n", takao.schlors,&(takao.schlors));

	return 0;
}

 

练习12-2

#include <stdio.h>
#define NAME_LEN 64

typedef struct student {
	char name[NAME_LEN];
	int height;
	float weight;
	double scholars;
}Student;

void hiroko(Student *std)
{
	if ((*std).height < 180) (*std).height = 180;
	if ((*std).weight > 80.0) (*std).weight = 80.0;
}

int main(void)
{
	Student tmp ;
	printf("请输入姓名：");				scanf("%s", tmp.name);
	printf("请输入身高：");				scanf("%d", &tmp.height);
	printf("请输入体重：");				scanf("%f", &tmp.weight);
	printf("请输入奖学金：");			scanf("%ld", &tmp.scholars);

	putchar('\n');
	hiroko(&tmp);

	printf("姓名%s\n", tmp.name);
	printf("身高%d\n", tmp.height);
	printf("体重%.1f\n", tmp.weight);
	printf("奖学金%ld\n", tmp.scholars);

	return 0;
}

练习12-3

#include <stdio.h>

struct xyz {
	int x;
	long y;
	double z;
};

struct xyz xyz_of(int x, long y, double z)
{
	struct xyz tmp;
	tmp.x = x;
	tmp.y = y;
	tmp.z = z;
	return tmp;
}

int main(void)
{
	struct xyz s;
	int x;
	long y;
	double z;

	printf("请输入int型x：");		scanf("%d", &x);
	printf("请输入long型数值y:");	scanf("%ld", &y);
	printf("请输入double型z：");	    scanf("%lf", &z);
	s = xyz_of(x, y, z);

	printf("x=%d\n", s.x);
	printf("y=%ld\n", s.y);
	printf("z=%.3f\n", s.z);

	return 0;
}

练习12-4

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define NUMBER 5
#define NAME_LEN 64

typedef struct {
	char name[ NAME_LEN ];
	int height;
	float weight;
	long scholars;
}Student;

void swap_Student(Student *x, Student *y)
{
	Student temp = *x;
	*x = *y;
	*y = temp;
}

void sort_by_height(Student a[], int n)
{
	int i, j;
	for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
		for (j = n - 1; j > i; j--)
			if (a[j - 1].height > a[j].height)
				swap_Student(&a[j - 1], &a[j]);
}

void sort_by_name(Student a[], int n)
{
	int i, j;
	for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
		for (j = n - 1; j > i; j--)
			if (a[j - 1].name>a[j].name)
				swap_Student(&a[j - 1], &a[j]);
}

int main(void)
{
	int i, j;
	Student std[NUMBER];
	
	for (i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++) {
		printf("第%d名同学姓名：",i+1);		scanf("%s", std[i].name);
		printf("第%d名同学身高：",i+1);		scanf("%d", &std[i].height);
		printf("第%d名同学体重：",i+1);		scanf("%f", &std[i].weight);
		printf("第%d名同学奖学金：",i+1);	scanf("%ld", &std[i].scholars);
		putchar('\n');
	}

	for (i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++)
		printf("%-8s %6d%6.1f%7ld\n", std[i].name, std[i].height, std[i].weight, std[i].scholars);
	
	do {
		printf("请选择操作方式：【0...按照身高排序/1...按照名字的顺序排序】");
		scanf("%d", &j);
	} while (j < 0 || j>1);
	if (j == 0) {
		sort_by_height(std, NUMBER);

		puts("\n按身高排序。");
		for (i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++)
			printf("%-8s %6d%6.1f%7ld\n", std[i].name, std[i].height, std[i].weight, std[i].scholars);
	}
	else {
		sort_by_name(std, NUMBER);

		puts("\n按身高排序。");
		for (i = 0; i < NUMBER; i++)
			printf("%-8s %6d%6.1f%7ld\n", std[i].name, std[i].height, std[i].weight, std[i].scholars);
	}
	

	return 0;
}

练习12-5

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

#define  sqr(n) ((n)*(n))

typedef struct {
	double x;
	double y;
}Point;

typedef struct {
	Point pt;
	double fuel;
}Car;

double distance_of(Point pa, Point pb)
{
	return sqrt(sqr(pa.x - pb.x) + sqr(pa.y - pb.y));
}

void put_info(Car c)
{
	printf("当前位置：（%.2f,%.2f）\n", c.pt.x, c.pt.y);
	printf("剩余燃料：%.2f升 \n", c.fuel);
}

int move(Car *c, Point dest)
{
	double d = distance_of(c->pt, dest);
	if (d > c->fuel)
		return 0;
	c->pt = dest;
	c->fuel -= d;
	return 1;
}

int main(void)
{
	Car mycar = { 0.0,0.0,90.0 };
	Point dest = { 0.0,0.0 };
	while (1) {
		int select;
		int num;
		double x, y;
		put_info(mycar);
		printf("请选择前往方式：【直接输入目的地---1/输入X方向和Y方向---2】");
		scanf("%d", &num);
		if (num == 1) {
			printf("开动汽车吗【Yes---1/No---0】:");
			scanf("%d", &select);
			if (select != 1) break;
			printf("目的地的X坐标：");		scanf("%lf", &dest.x);
			printf("        Y坐标：");		scanf("%lf", &dest.y);

			if (!move(&mycar, dest))
				puts("\a燃料不足，无法行驶。");
		}
		else {
			printf("开动汽车吗【Yes---1/No---0】:");
			scanf("%d", &select);
			if (select != 1) break;
			printf("沿X方向行驶距离：");		scanf("%lf", &x);
			printf("沿Y方向行驶距离：");		scanf("%lf", &y);
			dest.x += x;
			dest.y += y;

			if (!move(&mycar, dest))
				puts("\a燃料不足，无法行驶。");
		}
		
	}
	return 0;
}