配置单个和多个数据源-Spring入门学习笔记02

课程内容来自极客时间玩转Spring全家桶，侵私删，链接如下
https://time.geekbang.org/course/intro/100023501

第二天

Part1如何配置单数据源

StepOne

先通过springboot初始化start.io初始化demo，依赖如下

其中引入对应数据库驱动H2，引入JDBC依赖spring-boot-starter-jdbc
代码如下

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;

@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class DataSourceDemoApplication implements CommandLineRunner {
	@Autowired
	private DataSource dataSource;

	@Autowired
	private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(DataSourceDemoApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Override
	public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
		showConnection();
	}

	private void showConnection() throws SQLException {
		log.info(dataSource.toString());
		Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();
		log.info(conn.toString());
		conn.close();
	}

由于SpringBoot自动配置，只需注入DataSource、JdbcTemplate，打印输出info信息

StepTwo

不用springboot需要的配置

datasourcedemo类

package geektime.spring.data.datasourcedemo;

import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSourceFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Properties;

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class DataSourceDemo {
    @Autowired
    private DataSource dataSource;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext*.xml");
        showBeans(applicationContext);
        dataSourceDemo(applicationContext);
    }

    @Bean(destroyMethod = "close")
    public DataSource dataSource() throws Exception {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("driverClassName", "org.h2.Driver");
        properties.setProperty("url", "jdbc:h2:mem:testdb");
        properties.setProperty("username", "sa");
        return BasicDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(properties);
    }

    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() throws Exception {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource());
    }

    private static void showBeans(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames()));
    }

    private static void dataSourceDemo(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws SQLException {
        DataSourceDemo demo = applicationContext.getBean("dataSourceDemo", DataSourceDemo.class);
        demo.showDataSource();
    }

    public void showDataSource() throws SQLException {
        System.out.println(dataSource.toString());
        Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(conn.toString());
        conn.close();
    }
}

applicatioContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="geektime.spring.data" />
    <!--
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
          destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="org.h2.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:h2:mem:testdb"/>
        <property name="username" value="SA"/>
        <property name="password" value=""/>
    </bean>
    -->
</beans>

通过这种方式可以实现跟上述一样的效果

如果DataSource的Bean也不想通过代码来编写的话，可以通过applicatioContext.xml去定义一个Bean，内容是和上述一样的，两者的效果是完全相同的

Part2如何配置多数据源

如果两个数据源
需要把两个数据源的配置分开，所有的配置都需要分开
要清楚当前在操作哪个数据源

在@SpringBootApplication注解中exclude = { DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class,DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.class,JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration.class}
排除这三个类（Spring自动配置的类）

 //thd相关DataSourceProperties、DataSource、PlatformTransactionManager
    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties("thd.datasource")
    public DataSourceProperties thdDataSourceProperties()
    {
        return new DataSourceProperties();
    }
    @Bean
    public DataSource thdDataSource() {
        DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties = thdDataSourceProperties();
        log.info("thd datasource: {}",dataSourceProperties.getUrl());
        return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
    }
    @Bean
    @Resource
    public PlatformTransactionManager thdTxManager(DataSource thdDataSource) {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(thdDataSource);
    }

@Resource用法与@Autowired 用法相似，也是做依赖注入的
区别是byName与byId
https://blog.csdn.net/u010502101/article/details/78950045
@ConfigurationProperties（prefix=" ")
比较常见的就是配置读写分离的场景
该注解有一个prefix属性，通过指定的前缀，绑定配置文件中的配置，该注解可以放在类上，也可以放在方法上
可以从注解说明中看到，当将该注解作用于方法上时，如果想要有效的绑定配置，那么该方法需要有@Bean注解且所属Class需要有@Configuration注解。
https://www.cnblogs.com/tian874540961/p/12146467.html

如果业务逻辑需要三四个数据源的话，操作也是一样的