大数据之Hadoop(MapReduce)：自定义InputFormat

1.自定义InputFormat

自定义InputFormat步骤如下：
1.自定义一个类继承FileInputFormat
2.改成RecordReader,实现一次读取一个完整文件封装为KV；
3.在输出时使用SequenceFileOutPutFormat输出合并文件。

2.自定义InputFormat案例实操

2.1需求

将多个小文件合并成一个SequenceFile文件（SequenceFile文件是Hadoop用来存储二进制形式的key-value对的文件格式），SequenceFile里面存储着多个文件，存储的形式为文件路径+名称为key，文件内容为value。
（1）输入数据
one.txt,内容如下：
yongpeng weidong weinan
sanfeng luozong xiaoming
two.txt,内容如下:
longlong fanfan
mazong kailun yuhang yixin
longlong fanfan
mazong kailun yuhang yixin
three.txt,内容如下:
shuaige changmo zhenqiang
dongli lingu xuanxuan
（2）期望输出文件格式
part-r-00000

2.2需求分析

2.3代码实现

（1）自定义InputFromat

package com.jinghang.mapreduce.inputformat;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.BytesWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.InputSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordReader;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskAttemptContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;

// 定义类继承FileInputFormat
public class WholeFileInputformat extends FileInputFormat<Text, BytesWritable>{
	@Override
	protected boolean isSplitable(JobContext context, Path filename) {
		return false;
	}
	@Override
	public RecordReader<Text, BytesWritable> createRecordReader(InputSplit split, TaskAttemptContext context)	throws IOException, InterruptedException {
		
		WholeRecordReader recordReader = new WholeRecordReader();
		recordReader.initialize(split, context);
		return recordReader;
	}
}

（2）自定义RecordReader类

package com.jinghang.mapreduce.inputformat;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.BytesWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.InputSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordReader;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskAttemptContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileSplit;

public class WholeRecordReader extends RecordReader<Text, BytesWritable>{
	private Configuration configuration;
	private FileSplit split;
	private boolean isProgress= true;
	private BytesWritable value = new BytesWritable();
	private Text k = new Text();
	@Override
	public void initialize(InputSplit split, TaskAttemptContext context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
		this.split = (FileSplit)split;
		configuration = context.getConfiguration();
	}
	@Override
	public boolean nextKeyValue() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
		if (isProgress) {
			// 1 定义缓存区
			byte[] contents = new byte[(int)split.getLength()];
			FileSystem fs = null;
			FSDataInputStream fis = null;
			try {
				// 2 获取文件系统
				Path path = split.getPath();
				fs = path.getFileSystem(configuration);	
				// 3 读取数据
				fis = fs.open(path);
				// 4 读取文件内容
				IOUtils.readFully(fis, contents, 0, contents.length);
				// 5 输出文件内容
				value.set(contents, 0, contents.length);
				// 6 获取文件路径及名称
				String name = split.getPath().toString();
				// 7 设置输出的key值
				k.set(name);
				} catch (Exception e) {	
				}finally {
				IOUtils.closeStream(fis);
				}			
				isProgress = false;			
				return true;
				}		
				return false;
				}
				@Override
				public Text getCurrentKey() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
				return k;
				}
				@Override
				public BytesWritable getCurrentValue() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
				return value;
				}
				@Override
				public float getProgress() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
						return 0;
				}
				@Override
				public void close() throws IOException {
					}
				}

（3）编写SequenceFileMapper类处理流程

package com.jinghang.mapreduce.inputformat;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.BytesWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileSplit;

public class SequenceFileMapper extends Mapper<Text, BytesWritable, Text, BytesWritable>{
	
	@Override
	protected void map(Text key, BytesWritable value,Context context)throws IOException, InterruptedException {
		context.write(key, value);
	}
}

（4）编写SequenceFileReducer类处理流程

package com.jinghang.mapreduce.inputformat;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.BytesWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;

public class SequenceFileReducer extends Reducer<Text, BytesWritable, Text, BytesWritable> {

	@Override
	protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<BytesWritable> values, Context context)		throws IOException, InterruptedException {

		context.write(key, values.iterator().next());
	}
}

（5）编写SequenceFileDriver类处理流程

package com.jinghang.mapreduce.inputformat;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.BytesWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.SequenceFileOutputFormat;

public class SequenceFileDriver {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {	
       // 输入输出路径需要根据自己电脑上实际的输入输出路径设置
		args = new String[] { "e:/input/inputinputformat", "e:/output1" };
       // 1 获取job对象
		Configuration conf = new Configuration();
		Job job = Job.getInstance(conf);
       // 2 设置jar包存储位置、关联自定义的mapper和reducer
		job.setJarByClass(SequenceFileDriver.class);
		job.setMapperClass(SequenceFileMapper.class);
		job.setReducerClass(SequenceFileReducer.class);
       // 7设置输入的inputFormat
		job.setInputFormatClass(WholeFileInputformat.class);
       // 8设置输出的outputFormat
	 job.setOutputFormatClass(SequenceFileOutputFormat.class);
// 3 设置map输出端的kv类型
		job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
		job.setMapOutputValueClass(BytesWritable.class);
       // 4 设置最终输出端的kv类型
		job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
		job.setOutputValueClass(BytesWritable.class);
       // 5 设置输入输出路径
		FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
		FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
       // 6 提交job
		boolean result = job.waitForCompletion(true);
		System.exit(result ? 0 : 1);
	}
}