STM32 PWM捕获方式:两种思想

一，利用系统自带PWM捕获
1.代码
初始化

``

```c
#include"capture.h"
#include"stm32f10x.h"
void Capture_Init()
{
	//PA7->TIM3_CH2
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
	TIM_ICInitTypeDef  TIM_ICInitStructure;
	TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef  TIM_TimeBaseStructure;

	RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);

	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM3_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

	TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 0xffff;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 71;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
    TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);

	TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_2;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;//通道二直连
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x0;
	TIM_PWMIConfig(TIM3, &TIM_ICInitStructure);

	TIM_SelectInputTrigger(TIM3, TIM_TS_TI2FP2);
    TIM_SelectSlaveMode(TIM3, TIM_SlaveMode_Reset);
    TIM_SelectMasterSlaveMode(TIM3, TIM_MasterSlaveMode_Enable);

	TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);
	TIM_ITConfig(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2, ENABLE);
}

中断

u32 Capture1_value=0;
u32 Capture2_value=0;
u32 Frequence=0;
u32 Duty=0;
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void)
{ 
	if(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2) == SET) 
	{
    TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2);
    Capture1_value=TIM_GetCapture2(TIM3);//周期
	Capture2_value=TIM_GetCapture1(TIM3);//占空比
	if(Capture2_value!=0)
	{
		 Frequence=1000000/(float)(Capture1_value+1);
		 Duty=(float)(Capture2_value+1)*100/(Capture1_value+1);
	}
	else
	{
		 Frequence=0;
		 Duty=0;
	}
  }	 
}`

2.思想：

上面是定时器框图：
系统自带PWM捕获简单来说就是：通过初始化 TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection
= TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI函数语句，决定直连还是非直连方式
以通道二为例：此处初始化为直连，则对应下图工作模式

中断函数中TIM_GetCapture2（）捕获到的为周期，
而TIM_GetCapture1（）捕获到的为占空比。

*若初始化为非直连，则线路对应下图

因此中断函数中TIM_GetCapture1（）捕获到的为周期，
而TIM_GetCapture2（）捕获到的为占空比。

**但必须注意的是，由硬件决定了，这种捕获方式只能用于通道一和通道二**

自己深知硬件水平不行，原理没有说清楚，如果有需要，可以观看野火这节教学视频<野火>

二，根据PWM波性质
1.代码
初始化

#include"capture.h"
#include"stm32f10x.h"
//PA1->TIM2_CH2;PA2_TIM2_CH3；
void Capture_Init(void)
{
	TIM_ICInitTypeDef  TIM_ICInitStructure;
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
	TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef  TIM_TimeBaseStructure;

    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE);
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);

   
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =  GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;//浮空输入
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);


    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM2_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);


    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 0xffff;
	TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 71;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0;
    TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);

	TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_2;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x0;
    TIM_ICInit(TIM2, &TIM_ICInitStructure);

	TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_3;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
    TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x0;
    TIM_ICInit(TIM2, &TIM_ICInitStructure);

	TIM_Cmd(TIM2, ENABLE);
	TIM_ITConfig(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2 | TIM_IT_CC3, ENABLE);
}

中断

u8 TIM2_FLAG=0;
u8 TIM2_CH2_MODE;
u8 TIM2_CH3_MODE;
u32 TIM2_CH2_CAPTURE_HL;
u32 TIM2_CH3_CAPTURE_HL;
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{ 
  if(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2) == SET) 
  {
    TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2);
	if(!TIM2_FLAG)
	{
		switch(TIM2_CH2_MODE)
		{
			case 0 : TIM2_CH2_MODE=1;
					 TIM2_CH2_CAPTURE_HL=0;
					 TIM_SetCounter(TIM2,0);
					 break;
			case 1 : TIM2_CH2_MODE=2;
					 TIM2_CH2_CAPTURE_HL=TIM_GetCounter(TIM2);
					 break;
			default : break;
		} 
	 }
	 else
	 {
	 	TIM2_CH2_MODE=0;
	 }
  }

  if(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC3) == SET) 
  {
    TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC3);
	if(TIM2_FLAG)
	{
		switch(TIM2_CH3_MODE)
		{
			case 0 : TIM2_CH3_MODE=1;
					 TIM2_CH3_CAPTURE_HL=0;
					 TIM_SetCounter(TIM2,0);
					 break;
			case 1 : TIM2_CH3_MODE=2;
					 TIM2_CH3_CAPTURE_HL=TIM_GetCounter(TIM2);
					 break;
			default : break;
		} 
	 }
	 else
	 {
	 	TIM2_CH3_MODE=0;
	 }
  }


}

void SysTick_Handler(void)
{
	static u16 count1=0;
	delaytime--;
	if(++count1>=200)
	{
		count1=0;
		TIM2_FLAG^=1; //TIM2二通道和三通道分时复用
	}
}

2，思想
请转载到这位大佬的博文下：自己也是看着这位大佬的思路学到的

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34952376/article/details/81172774

三，两种思想的优缺点比较
1.第一种系统自带捕获：配置简单，但局限于通道一和通道二
2.第二种对所有捕获通道都通用，配置稍微麻烦点。