cascade r-cnn

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(a)中u=0.5是常用的正负样本界定值,但当u取0.5时会出现较多的误检。因为该阈值会使正负样本中有较多的背景。
(b)中用0.7的阈值会减小误检,但正样本的数量会呈指数级的减少,出现过拟合的现象。
(c)和(d)中的曲线是用来表示不听IOU阈值下的定位性能和检测性能,从C中可以看出,当检测模型采用某个阈值来界定正负样本时,当输入proposal的IOU阈值在这个值附近时,该检测模型比其他阈值训练的检测模型效果好。从D中可以看出来一味地使用较大的阈值来训练检测模型可以看出检测效果在下降,容易出现过拟合。
cascade r-cnn是由一系列的检测模型组成,每个检测模型都是根据不同的IOU阈值的正负样本训练得到,前一个检测模型的输出作为后一个检测模型的输入,因此是stage by stage的训练方式,而且越往后的检测模型的IOU阈值是不断上升的。在这里插入图片描述
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In object detection, an intersection over union (IoU) threshold is required to define positives and negatives. An object detector, trained with low IoU threshold, e.g. 0.5, usually produces noisy detections. However, detection per- formance tends to degrade with increasing the IoU thresh- olds. Two main factors are responsible for this: 1) over- fitting during training, due to exponentially vanishing pos- itive samples, and 2) inference-time mismatch between the IoUs for which the detector is optimal and those of the in- put hypotheses. A multi-stage object detection architecture, the Cascade R-CNN, is proposed to address these prob- lems. It consists of a sequence of detectors trained with increasing IoU thresholds, to be sequentially more selec- tive against close false positives. The detectors are trained stage by stage, leveraging the observation that the out- put of a detector is a good distribution for training the next higher quality detector. The resampling of progres- sively improved hypotheses guarantees that all detectors have a positive set of examples of equivalent size, reduc- ing the overfitting problem. The same cascade procedure is applied at inference, enabling a closer match between the hypotheses and the detector quality of each stage. A simple implementation of the Cascade R-CNN is shown to surpass all single-model object detectors on the challeng- ing COCO dataset. Experiments also show that the Cas- cade R-CNN is widely applicable across detector architec- tures, achieving consistent gains independently of the base- line detector strength. The code will be made available at https://github.com/zhaoweicai/cascade-rcnn.
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