2024-简单点-picamera2如何选取某些区域对焦

必须知道的参数

ScalerCropMaximum

scaler_crop_maximum = picam2.camera_properties['ScalerCropMaximum']

设定的参数不同，比如你想要的展示图片的大小；camera会自动选择【参考的图像画幅区域：我们这里叫激活区域吧】，获取这个区域后，进行缩放裁剪展示给你 所需要的大小。

比如某摄像头全分辨率是4608 x 2592,你先预览一个实时窗口，大小为1080x720
展示·

关注properties:(768,432,3072,1728)
意思应该是，取得全画幅4608 x 2592中，以(768,432)为左上点，以(3072,1728)为宽高的区域，
然后进行缩放为1080x720

AfMetering

通过ROI区域对焦

picam2.controls.set_controls( { "AfMetering" : controls.AfMeteringEnum.Windows} )

AfWindows

以ScalerCropMaximum的图像为坐标系进行操作，找到窗口，进行对焦。

picam2.set_controls({"AfWindows": [adjustedcoord]})

总结

先获取ScalerCropMaximum，得到激活区域。
[如果需要选择对焦窗口，在这里以ScalerCropMaximum为坐标系进行操作]
然后进行scaler缩放到你需要的尺寸，
然后展示display

课外参考

https://github.com/raspberrypi/picamera2/issues/915

import time
sys.path.append('/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/')
from picamera2 import Picamera2, Preview, MappedArray
from libcamera import controls
picam2 = Picamera2()
import cv2
import numpy as np

# Set display size and create variables for later
lores = (1280, 800)
width, height = lores

# start cam
picam2.start_preview(Preview.DRM, x=100, y=100, width=1280, height=800)
preview_config = picam2.create_preview_configuration(main={"size": lores})
picam2.configure(preview_config)
picam2.start()

# print properties - including scalar crop max
properties = picam2.camera_properties
print(properties)

# print metadata
metadata = picam2.capture_metadata()
print(metadata)

# set afmetering to windows so it can be called
picam2.controls.set_controls( { "AfMetering" : controls.AfMeteringEnum.Windows} )

# turn scalercropmax into a variable
scaler_crop_maximum = picam2.camera_properties['ScalerCropMaximum']

# set some example ROI
coord1 = (0,0, width // 2, height)
coord2 = (width // 2, height // 4, width // 2, height // 2)
coord3 = (0, height // 4, width // 2, height // 2)
coord4 = (100, 100, width, height)
coord5 = (1000,100, 500, 200)

# function for printing variables consistently
def print_coordinates(coordinates, name):
    print(name.upper())
    print(f"x_offset = {coordinates[0]}")
    print(f"y_offset = {coordinates[1]}")
    print(f"width = {coordinates[2]}")
    print(f"height = {coordinates[3]}")

# function to attempt to scale variables designed for preview into scalercropmax size for AfWindows
def AccountForScalerCrop(coord, scaler_crop_maximum, lores):
    x_offset, y_offset, width, height = coord
    print_coordinates(coord, "coord")
    
    # scaler_crop_maximum represents a larger image than the image we use so we need to account
    x_offset_scm, y_offset_scm, width_scm, height_scm = scaler_crop_maximum
    print_coordinates(scaler_crop_maximum, "SCM")

    # create a scale so that you can scale the preview to the SCM
    yscale = int(scaler_crop_maximum[3]) / int(lores[1])
    xscale = int(scaler_crop_maximum[2]) / int(lores[0]) 
    print("yscale, xscale",yscale, xscale)

    # scale coords to SCM
    y_offset_scaled = int(y_offset * yscale)
    height_scaled = int(height * yscale)
    x_offset_scaled = int(x_offset * xscale)
    width_scaled = int(width * xscale)

    coordscaled = (x_offset_scaled, y_offset_scaled, width_scaled, height_scaled)
    print_coordinates(coordscaled, "coordscaled")

    adjustedcoord = (x_offset_scm + x_offset_scaled, y_offset_scm + y_offset_scaled, width_scaled, height_scaled)
    print_coordinates(adjustedcoord, "adjustedcoord")

    return adjustedcoord

# function to focus cam based on scaled coords and draw overlays for coords
def focusarea(coord, scaler_crop_maximum, lores):
    adjustedcoord = AccountForScalerCrop(coord, scaler_crop_maximum, lores)
    picam2.set_controls({"AfWindows": [adjustedcoord]})
    print("focusing cam")
    job = picam2.autofocus_cycle(wait=False)
    # Now do some other things, and when you finally want to be sure the autofocus cycle is finished:
    success = picam2.wait(job)
    # query lens position after completion
    LensPosition = picam2.capture_metadata().get("LensPosition")
    print("LENS POSITION:", LensPosition)
    
    x_offset, y_offset, width, height = coord

    # create overlay the size of the preview
    overlay = np.zeros((lores[1], lores[0], 4), dtype=np.uint8)
    overlay[y_offset:height+y_offset,x_offset:width+x_offset] = (0, 255, 0, 64)

    picam2.set_overlay(overlay)
    time.sleep(5)

# create list of coordinates
coordinates = [coord1, coord2, coord3, coord4, coord5]
# loop through coordinates
for i, coord in enumerate(coordinates, start=1):
    print(f">>>>>>>>FOCUSING COORD{i}")
    focusarea(coord, scaler_crop_maximum, lores)

print("script finished")```