NLP-Semantics

'Semantics is the study of meaning in language'

Homonyms 同形/同音异义:

same spelling or pronunciation but have different meanings

分为Homographs和Homophones

Homographs 同形异义：

same written form or spelling but have different pronuciation and meaning

举例：bass (贝斯)/ bass (鲈鱼)

Homophones 同音异义：

same pronunciation but have different meanings and different spellings

举例：Two/Too/To

Polysemes 多义词：

same written form, speeling and pronunciation but different meanings

举例：mouse (老鼠/鼠标)

英语中，verb-noun polysemy很常见

举例：building (建筑/build的现在分词形式)，inbox me an email (这里inbox是名词做动词)

注：Turkey (土耳其)和turkey (火鸡)不属于polysemy，因此大小写不同

Synonyms 同义词：

different pronuciations and spellings but have the same meanings in some or all contexts

举例：big /huge /large

Antonyms 反义词：

-Graded (Large-Small) -Complementary (Divide-Unite) -Relational (Doctor-Patient)

Hyponyms 下义词 / Hypernyms 上义词

subclass和superclass的区别

举例：Fruit 是hypernym, mango, apple和orange是hyponyms