defbubble_sort(arry):#获得数组的长度
n =len(arry)for i inrange(n):for j inrange(1,n-i):#如果前者比后者大if arry[j-1]> arry[j]:#则交换两者
arry[j-1],arry[j]= arry[j],arry[j-1]return arry
选择:
defselect_sort(ary):
n =len(ary)for i inrange(0,n):#最小元素下标标记min= i
for j inrange(i+1,n):if ary[j]< ary[min]:#找到最小值的下标min= j
#交换两者
ary[min],ary[i]= ary[i],ary[min]return ary
插入:
definsert_sort(ary):
n =len(ary)for i inrange(1,n):if ary[i]< ary[i-1]:
temp = ary[i]#待插入的下标
index = i
#从i-1 循环到 0 (包括0)for j inrange(i-1,-1,-1):if ary[j]> temp :
ary[j+1]= ary[j]#记录待插入下标
index = j
else:break
ary[index]= temp
return ary
快排:
defquick_sort(ary):return qsort(ary,0,len(ary)-1)defqsort(ary,left,right):#快排函数,ary为待排序数组,left为待排序的左边界,right为右边界if left >= right :return ary
key = ary[left]#取最左边的为基准数
lp = left #左指针
rp = right #右指针while lp < rp :while ary[rp]>= key and lp < rp :
rp -=1while ary[lp]<= key and lp < rp :
lp +=1
ary[lp],ary[rp]= ary[rp],ary[lp]
ary[left],ary[lp]= ary[lp],ary[left]
qsort(ary,left,lp-1)
qsort(ary,rp+1,right)return ary
堆排序:
defheap_sort(ary):
n =len(ary)#最后一个非叶子节点
first =int(n/2-1)#构造大根堆for start inrange(first,-1,-1):
max_heapify(ary,start,n-1)#堆排,将大根堆转换成有序数组for end inrange(n-1,0,-1):
ary[end],ary[0]= ary[0],ary[end]
max_heapify(ary,0,end-1)return ary
#最大堆调整:将堆的末端子节点作调整,使得子节点永远小于父节点#start为当前需要调整最大堆的位置,end为调整边界defmax_heapify(ary,start,end):
root = start
whileTrue:#调整节点的子节点
child = root*2+1if child > end :breakif child+1<= end and ary[child]< ary[child+1]:#取较大的子节点
child = child+1#较大的子节点成为父节点 if ary[root]< ary[child]:#交换
ary[root],ary[child]= ary[child],ary[root]
root = child
else:break