ubuntu20.04+vscode+编译opencv+测试程序

參考鏈接:
gcc/g++ 編譯命令
ubuntu16.04+VS Code+OpenCV配置编译运行程序
Ubuntu 18.04系统下的环境配置vscode&&opencv&&c++
感謝大佬們！！

我這ubuntu的輸入法有問題啊！

环境:
ubuntu20.04
gcc (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) 9.4.0 之前装的7.5版本也是可以的，后来双系统被我搞崩了，顺手装的最新版本
vscode
opencv4.5.5 截止目前最高版本，我本来下的4.1.0版本，最后稀里糊涂的最高版本了，也是很迷

2022年1月7更新：
上面opencv版本是个大坑，我错的原因: 我是git clone的方式下载的opencv源码，这种方式默认下载最新版本的opencv，需要再git checkbranch到指定版本才行，但是我没有做这个操作，后来find_package我set了opencv4.pc的路径，所以出现多个opencv的版本，我全部卸掉重新安装的结果是对的。

出现这个界面就是对的！

添加扩展:
直接在Extension中搜C++, 一般第一个就是

vscode-cpptools 配置
launch.json

{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "g++ build and debug active file",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "g++ build active file",
            "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"
        }
    ]
}

task.json

{
    "tasks": [

        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "g++ build active file",
            "command": "g++",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "-std=c++11",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out",
                "-I", "/usr/local/include/opencv4",
                "-I", "/usr/local/include",
                "-L", "/usr/local/lib",
                "-l", "opencv_core",
                "-l", "opencv_imgproc",
                "-l", "opencv_imgcodecs",
                "-l", "opencv_video",
                "-l", "opencv_ml",
                "-l", "opencv_highgui",
                "-l", "opencv_objdetect",
                "-l", "opencv_flann",
                "-l", "opencv_imgcodecs",
                "-l", "opencv_photo",
                "-l", "opencv_videoio"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "/usr/bin"
            },
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            }
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

c_cpp_properties.json

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Linux",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "/usr/local/include/opencv4"
            ],
            "defines": [],
            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/gcc",
            "cStandard": "gnu17",
            "cppStandard": "gnu++14",
            "intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

到这里配置就完成了，没有那么多花里胡哨的，就这么配就可以了，我报了很多错误也走了很多弯路，但是有效的就是这样的。
opencv编译以及查看配置正确与否就是链接1.
opencv的github链接:
opencv
opencv_contrib

我想编译debug版本，所以我的cmake代码是这样的

sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D  OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/qiao/c_project/opencv_/opencv_contrib/modules ..

如果想编译Release版本就是

sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D  OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../opencv_contrib/modules ..

测试程序：

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp> 
#include <iostream> 

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
 //读取照片
 Mat image = imread("/home/qiao/1.png");

 //检测失误
 if (image.empty()) 
 {
  cout << "Could not open or find the image" << endl;
  cin.get(); //等待键盘输入
  return -1;
 }

 String windowName = "OpenCV Test";	   //窗口名称
 namedWindow(windowName); 		   //创建新窗口
 imshow(windowName, image);		   //使用新窗口显示照片
 waitKey(0); 				   //等待键盘输入
 destroyWindow(windowName);		   //关闭所有窗口
 return 0;
}

用命令行编译的代码:

g++ main.cpp -o main  $(pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv)

./main

到这里理论上是不报错，编译正确且显示正确的。