ubuntu配置vscode,编译opencv

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-17 16:28:20 发布

joseph025

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-17 16:28:20 发布

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文章标签： vscode ubuntu opencv

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/joseph025/article/details/122632672

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在此文之前，从网络搜索到的教程都多少有些问题，实际操作不可行。

最关键是我需要的两个目标是：

目标1：点击某个按钮编译当前源文件、不执行链接。-- 这个目标是用于快速编辑排错

目标2：编译连接全部源文件，单步调试。-- 连接系统库、opencv库、各个源文件的函数

我自己根据各方参考做了一个，每一步都是实际操作过。

==================================================== 正文

Ubuntu下配置VScode的C/C++开发环境

a) Vscode安装

   从VScode官网下载.deb文件，执行dpkg进行安装
   地址 https://code.visualstudio.com/
   命令举例 sudo dpkg -i code_1.63.0-1638855526_amd64.deb

b) Vscode环境配置
   1）安装c/c++插件
   通过左边栏的Extension栏目安装C++插件
   2）建立工程
   2.1）加入已有的工程
       执行菜单：文件 -- 将文件夹加入工作区
   2.2）新建工程
新建一个文件夹。
   通过VScode打开此文件夹;
新建main.cpp文件并输入程序;

   3）更改配置文件
     以下按照目标来配置
       遇到问题，解决之道是要在命令行执行通过，然后再到配置文件设置

4）============ 编译一个源代码文件
目标，点击界面右上角的三角，编译本文件。一般用于编辑、排错，这里不含连接库文件，后一步在linux里面可复杂了。

   1/ 打开设置界面
快捷键： ctrl+, 或菜单：文件 -- 首选项 -- 配置
   2/ 搜索栏粘贴下面内容 code-runner.executorMap
       点击在 settings.json 中编辑
       添加或编辑以下内容。其中 -c 表示仅编译，此时不需要提供 -L路径以及-l连接库
   "code-runner.executorMap": {
   "python": "set PYTHONIOENCODING=utf8 && python -u",
   //使用 C11 或 C++14
   // -如果你还有其他头文件路径，照例加 -I参数，I后面不用空格
"c": "cd $dir && mkdir -p ../obj && gcc -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/opencv4 -I./ -std=c11 -c $fileName -o ../obj/$fileNameWithoutExt.o",
"cpp": "cd $dir && mkdir -p ../obj && g++ -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/opencv4 -I./ -std=c++14 -c $fileName -o ../obj/$fileNameWithoutExt.o",
   },
       其余参考配置项
   "cmake.configureOnOpen": true,
   "C_Cpp.default.compilerPath": "/usr/local/include/**",
   "C_Cpp.default.cppStandard": "c++11",
   "C_Cpp.default.cStandard": "c11",
   "C_Cpp.default.intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64",
   "C_Cpp.default.mergeConfigurations": true,
   "C_Cpp.default.systemIncludePath": [
   "/usr/local/include/**"
   ],
   "C_Cpp.default.includePath": [
   "/usr/local/include/**",
   "/usr/local/include/opencv4"
   ],
   "code-runner.ignoreSelection": true,
   "code-runner.saveFileBeforeRun": true,
   "code-runner.runInTerminal": true,
       3/ 效果
           上述配置保存后，打开一个源文件，点击右上角的三角，或执行快捷键 ctrl+alt+n, 就会只编译当前源代码文件

   5）============ 编译、连接全部源代码文件
   这一步一般用来单步调试。如果在最终工程输出场景，可在命令行 cmake make 执行。

       5.1） launch.json
       点击左侧的Debug按钮，选择添加配置（Add configuration）,然后选择C++（GDB/LLDB)，将自动生成launch.json文件
               {
               // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。
               // 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。
               // 欲了解更多信息，请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
               "version": "0.2.0",
               "configurations": [
               {
               "name": "myLaunch",
               "type": "cppdbg",
               "request": "launch",
               // 此项与下面 mybuild task的 -o 输出一致
               "program": "${fileDirname}/../obj/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
               "args": [ ],
               "miDebuggerPath":"/usr/bin/gdb",
               "stopAtEntry": false,
               "cwd": "${fileDirname}",
               "environment": [],
               "externalConsole": false,
               // "MIMode": "gdb",
               "MIMode": "lldb",
               // 此项配合下面 mybuild task
               "preLaunchTask": "mybuild",
                       "setupCommands": [
                       {
                       "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                       "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                       "ignoreFailures": true
                       }
                       ]
               }
               ]
               }

           这个文件需要以下操作调用调试：按 F5 或执行菜单运行 -- 启动调试

       5.2）tasks.json
           首先，利用快捷键ctrl+shift+p打开命令行，输入Tasks: Run task，会出现如下提示：
               No task to run found. configure tasks...
           回车，然后依次选择如下来初建文件：
               Create tasks.json file from template
               Others Example to run an arbitrary external command.
           内容如下：
                   {
                   "tasks": [
                   {
                   "type": "shell",
                   "label": "mybuild",
                   "command": "/usr/bin/g++",
                   "args": [
                   "-g",
                   "-std=c++11",
                   // 此处最关键，编译全部源代码文件，这样会自动连接源文件之间的函数
                   "${fileDirname}/*.c*",
                   //"${file}", 网络搜索的教程编译一个文件
                   "-o",
                   "${fileDirname}/../obj/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
                   "-I/usr/local/include",
                   "-I/usr/local/include/opencv4",
                   "-I${workspaceFolder}/src",
                   "-L/usr/local/lib",
                 // 获取清单，ls -lc /usr/local/lib | grep ^[^d] | awk '{print $9}' | grep opencv | grep -v "\.4"
// 去掉含版本号尾巴的条目，文件名去掉开头lib、去掉.so等扩展名，然后加上 -l 前缀
// 后面 -lpthread 是多线程的进程需要额外加的，gcc g++ 默认不连接 pthread
                   "-lopencv_aruco",
                   "-lopencv_barcode",
                   "-lopencv_bgsegm",
                   "-lopencv_bioinspired",
                   "-lopencv_calib3d",
                   "-lopencv_ccalib",
                   "-lopencv_core",
                   "-lopencv_datasets",
                   "-lopencv_dnn_objdetect",
                   "-lopencv_dnn",
                   "-lopencv_dnn_superres",
                   "-lopencv_dpm",
                   "-lopencv_face",
                   "-lopencv_features2d",
                   "-lopencv_flann",
                   "-lopencv_freetype",
                   "-lopencv_fuzzy",
                   "-lopencv_gapi",
                   "-lopencv_hfs",
                   "-lopencv_highgui",
                   "-lopencv_imgcodecs",
                   "-lopencv_img_hash",
                   "-lopencv_imgproc",
                   "-lopencv_intensity_transform",
                   "-lopencv_line_descriptor",
                   "-lopencv_mcc",
                   "-lopencv_ml",
                   "-lopencv_objdetect",
                   "-lopencv_optflow",
                   "-lopencv_phase_unwrapping",
                   "-lopencv_photo",
                   "-lopencv_plot",
                   "-lopencv_quality",
                   "-lopencv_rapid",
                   "-lopencv_reg",
                   "-lopencv_rgbd",
                   "-lopencv_saliency",
                   "-lopencv_shape",
                   "-lopencv_stereo",
                   "-lopencv_stitching",
                   "-lopencv_structured_light",
                   "-lopencv_superres",
                   "-lopencv_surface_matching",
                   "-lopencv_text",
                   "-lopencv_tracking",
                   "-lopencv_videoio",
                   "-lopencv_video",
                   "-lopencv_videostab",
                   "-lopencv_wechat_qrcode",
                   "-lopencv_xfeatures2d",
                   "-lopencv_ximgproc",
                   "-lopencv_xobjdetect",
                   "-lopencv_xphoto",
                   "-lpthread"
                   ],
                   "problemMatcher": {
                   "owner": "cpp",
                   "fileLocation": [
                   "relative",
                   "${workspaceRoot}"
                   ],
                   "pattern": {
                   "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
                   "file": 1,
                   "line": 2,
                   "column": 3,
                   "severity": 4,
                   "message": 5
                   }
                   },
                   "group": "build"
                   },
                   {
                   "type": "cppbuild",
                   "label": "mycompile",
                   "command": "g++",
                   "args": [
                   "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                   "-c",
                   "${file}",
                   "-I/usr/local/include",
                   "-I/usr/local/include/opencv4",
                   "-I${workspaceFolder}/src"
                   ],
                   "options": {
                   "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
                   },
                   "problemMatcher": [
                   "$gcc"
                   ],
                   "group": {
                   "kind": "build",
                   "isDefault": true
                   },
                   "detail": "调试器生成的任务。"
                   }
                   ],
                   "version": "2.0.0"
                   }

           效果：执行菜单终端 -- 运行任务... 粘贴 mybuild （上述取的名称），选择需要的工程，就会编译、连接，输出到指定目录
           如果遇错，到命令行测试一下。

（5）简单断点调试
执行以下操作调用调试：按 F5 或执行菜单运行 -- 启动调试

(6) python 自动完成
~/.config/Code/User/settings.json

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37612550/article/details/111113571
// 在这里添加python3的包地址，这样在源代码里能自动补全，方便写程序。
"python.autoComplete.extraPaths": [
"/home/joe/anaconda3/envs/p36/lib/python3.6/site-packages"
],
"python.formatting.provider": "yapf", // 使用yapf自动格式化代码
"python.linting.enabled": false, // lint语法提示

"files.associations": {
"istream": "cpp",
"ostream": "cpp",
"ratio": "cpp",
"array": "cpp",
"functional": "cpp",
"tuple": "cpp",
"type_traits": "cpp",
"utility": "cpp",
"vector": "cpp",
"cctype": "cpp",
"clocale": "cpp",
"cmath": "cpp",
"csignal": "cpp",
"cstdarg": "cpp",
"cstddef": "cpp",
"cstdio": "cpp",
"cstdlib": "cpp",
"cstring": "cpp",
"ctime": "cpp",
"cwchar": "cpp",
"cwctype": "cpp",
"atomic": "cpp",
"strstream": "cpp",
"*.tcc": "cpp",
"bitset": "cpp",
"chrono": "cpp",
"cinttypes": "cpp",
"complex": "cpp",
"condition_variable": "cpp",
"cstdint": "cpp",
"deque": "cpp",
"list": "cpp",
"unordered_map": "cpp",
"exception": "cpp",
"algorithm": "cpp",
"iterator": "cpp",
"map": "cpp",
"memory": "cpp",
"memory_resource": "cpp",
"numeric": "cpp",
"optional": "cpp",
"random": "cpp",
"set": "cpp",
"string": "cpp",
"string_view": "cpp",
"system_error": "cpp",
"fstream": "cpp",
"future": "cpp",
"initializer_list": "cpp",
"iomanip": "cpp",
"iosfwd": "cpp",
"iostream": "cpp",
"limits": "cpp",
"mutex": "cpp",
"new": "cpp",
"shared_mutex": "cpp",
"sstream": "cpp",
"stdexcept": "cpp",
"streambuf": "cpp",
"thread": "cpp",
"cfenv": "cpp",
"typeindex": "cpp",
"typeinfo": "cpp",
"*.idl": "cpp",
"*.ipp": "cpp",
"*.txx": "cpp",
"unordered_set": "cpp"
},

joseph025

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ubuntu配置vscode,编译opencv

在此文之前，从网络搜索到的教程都多少有些问题，实际操作不可行。最关键是我需要的两个目标是：目标1：点击某个按钮编译当前源文件、不执行链接。-- 这个目标是用于快速编辑排错目标2：编译连接全部源文件，单步调试。-- 连接系统库、opencv库、各个源文件的函数我自己根据各方参考做了一个，每一步都是实际操作过。==================================================== 正文Ubuntu下配置VScode的C/C++开发环境a) V
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