python3.7+pyqt5写的一个串口测试工具

UI界面如上图，停止位和校验没用到，可能也有些地方写得不够严谨，欢迎指正

"""
# @项目名：serialTest
# @文件名: A06_Serial_pyqt5
# @开发语言：python3.7.4
# @编译器：pycharm
# @创建者: zhouyuezhen
# @时间: 2022/04/03
# @描述：todo
"""
import binascii
import random
import sys
import threading
from time import sleep

import serial.tools.list_ports
from PyQt5.QtCore import QObject, pyqtSignal
from PyQt5.QtGui import QTextCursor, QIcon
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QPushButton, QApplication, QLineEdit, QTextBrowser, \
    QHBoxLayout, QWidget, QFormLayout, QComboBox, \
    QLabel, QMessageBox, QCheckBox, QTextEdit, QRadioButton, QButtonGroup, QGroupBox


class Stream(QObject):
    newText = pyqtSignal(str)

    def write(self, testdata):
        self.newText.emit(str(testdata))


class Serial(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        """加载界面InitUI    QWidget_UI    Left_Window_UI    更新打印信息"""
        self.InitUI()
        self.QWidget_UI()
        self.InitStyle()
        sys.stdout = Stream(newText=self.onUpdateText)

    def onUpdateText(self, text):
        """获取process(阅读器)文本光标对象textCursor(),往里插入文本数据text"""
        cursor = self.process_output.textCursor()
        cursor.insertText(text)

        """自动滚屏"""
        self.process_output.moveCursor(QTextCursor.End)

    def InitStyle(self):
        self.setStyleSheet("""
        QComboBox{
        background-color:#fff;
        color:#571601;
        font-size:13px;
        font-weight:700;
        }
                    
        QPushButton{
        background-color:#ddd;
        color:black
        }
                
        QPushButton:hover{
        background-color:#ccc;
        color:#571601;
        font-size:13px;
        font-weight:700;
        }
        
        QPushButton:pressed{
        background-color:rgba(255, 103, 0, .7);
        }

        QRadioButton:hover{
        color:orange;
        }
                    
        """)

    def closeEvent(self, event):
        """关闭时关闭应用程序"""
        sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__
        super().closeEvent(event)

    def InitUI(self):
        # todo 主界面
        self.resize(700, 500)
        self.setWindowTitle("串口调试助手1.0.0")
        self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("favicon1.ico"))

        # todo 菜单栏设置
        self.menuBar = self.menuBar()
        self.menuBar.addMenu("文件")
        self.menuBar.addMenu("说明")

        """添加一个中央组件：QWidget()"""
        self.window = QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.window)

        """版本信息"""
        self.devicetype = QLineEdit('', self)
        self.devicetype.hide()

        # todo 状态栏设置
        self.status_Bar = self.statusBar()
        self.serialState = QLabel(self)
        self.countSend = QLabel("发送：0", self)
        self.countRead = QLabel("接收：0", self)
        self.status_Bar.addPermanentWidget(self.serialState, 4)
        self.status_Bar.addPermanentWidget(self.countSend, 1)
        self.status_Bar.addPermanentWidget(self.countRead, 1)
        self.status_Bar.setStyleSheet("QLabel{background-color:#FFFFFF;}")

    def QWidget_UI(self):
        """中央组件QWidget的UI界面内有2个部件，为水平布局"""
        self.left_window = QWidget()

        self.right_window = QWidget()

        windowLayout = QHBoxLayout()
        windowLayout.addWidget(self.left_window, 2)
        windowLayout.addWidget(self.right_window, 3)

        self.left_window_UI()
        self.right_window_UI()

        """ 中央组件加载布局windowLayout """
        self.window.setLayout(windowLayout)

    """ 视图-浏览器背景颜色设置"""

    def left_window_UI(self):
        """左边QWingt【快捷方式】布局：网格"""
        Form_layout = QFormLayout()

        self.bt_getSerial = QPushButton("获取电脑串口", self)
        self.bt_getSerial.clicked.connect(self.getSerial)

        '''打开串口'''
        self.bt_openSerial = QPushButton('打开串口', self)
        self.bt_openSerial.clicked.connect(self.openSerial)

        QHboxLayout0 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHboxLayout0.addWidget(self.bt_getSerial)
        QHboxLayout0.addWidget(self.bt_openSerial)
        Form_layout.addRow(QHboxLayout0)

        '''串口'''
        self.serialName = QLabel("串  口：", self)
        # 串口内容（下拉框）
        self.serialContent = QComboBox(self)

        QHBoxLayout1 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBoxLayout1.addWidget(self.serialName, 1)
        QHBoxLayout1.addWidget(self.serialContent, 3)
        Form_layout.addRow(QHBoxLayout1)

        '''波特率'''
        self.serialBaud = QLabel("波特率：", self)
        # 串口波特率内容（下拉框）
        self.serialBaudContent = QComboBox(self)
        self.serialBaudContent.addItem("115200")
        self.serialBaudContent.addItem("57600")
        self.serialBaudContent.addItem("38400")
        self.serialBaudContent.addItem("19200")
        self.serialBaudContent.addItem("9600")

        QHBoxLayout2 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBoxLayout2.addWidget(self.serialBaud, 1)
        QHBoxLayout2.addWidget(self.serialBaudContent, 3)
        Form_layout.addRow(QHBoxLayout2)

        '''数据位'''
        self.serialBits = QLabel("数据位：", self)
        # 数据位内容
        self.serialBitsContent = QComboBox(self)
        self.serialBitsContent.addItem("8")

        QHBoxLayout3 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBoxLayout3.addWidget(self.serialBits, 1)
        QHBoxLayout3.addWidget(self.serialBitsContent, 3)
        Form_layout.addRow(QHBoxLayout3)

        '''校验位'''
        self.serialVerify = QLabel("校验位：", self)
        # 校验位内容
        self.serialVerifyContent = QComboBox(self)
        self.serialVerifyContent.addItem("无")

        QHBoxLayout4 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBoxLayout4.addWidget(self.serialVerify, 1)
        QHBoxLayout4.addWidget(self.serialVerifyContent, 3)
        Form_layout.addRow(QHBoxLayout4)

        '''停止位'''
        self.serialStopBit = QLabel("停止位：", self)
        # 停止位内容
        self.serialStopBitContent = QComboBox(self)
        self.serialStopBitContent.addItem("1")
        self.serialStopBitContent.addItem("0")

        QHBoxLayout5 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBoxLayout5.addWidget(self.serialStopBit, 1)
        QHBoxLayout5.addWidget(self.serialStopBitContent, 3)
        Form_layout.addRow(QHBoxLayout5)

        '''发送框'''
        self.serialSend_date = QTextEdit(self)

        QHBoxLayout6 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBoxLayout6.addWidget(self.serialSend_date)
        Form_layout.addRow(QHBoxLayout6)

        '''生成按钮，发送按钮'''
        self.bt_ramDomDate = QPushButton('生成数据', self)
        self.lenDate = QLineEdit("128", self)  # 内容长度
        self.bt_ramDomDate.clicked.connect(self.ramdomDate)

        self.clearAll = QPushButton('清除所有', self)
        self.clearAll.clicked.connect(self.Clear)

        QHBoxLayout7 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBoxLayout7.addWidget(self.bt_ramDomDate, 3)
        QHBoxLayout7.addWidget(self.lenDate, 1)
        QHBoxLayout7.addWidget(self.clearAll, 3)
        Form_layout.addRow(QHBoxLayout7)

        """自动重发"""
        # 勾选框
        self.QcheckRetry = QCheckBox(self)
        self.TxQlabel1 = QLabel('自动重发', self)
        self.Tx_time = QLineEdit('200', self)
        self.TxQlabel2 = QLabel('ms', self)

        QHBoxLayout8 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBoxLayout8.addWidget(self.QcheckRetry)
        QHBoxLayout8.addWidget(self.TxQlabel1)
        QHBoxLayout8.addWidget(self.Tx_time)
        QHBoxLayout8.addWidget(self.TxQlabel2)
        Form_layout.addRow(QHBoxLayout8)

        # 读取方式：文本模式，Hex模式
        self.sendFileShow = QRadioButton("文本模式", self)
        self.sendHexShow = QRadioButton("Hex模式", self)
        self.sendHexShow.setChecked(True)

        """发送"""
        self.bt_SendDate = QPushButton('发送', self)
        self.bt_SendDate.clicked.connect(self.sendDate)

        self.bg1 = QButtonGroup(self)
        self.bg1.addButton(self.sendFileShow, 11)
        self.bg1.addButton(self.sendHexShow, 12)

        QHBoxLayout9 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBoxLayout9.addWidget(self.sendFileShow)
        QHBoxLayout9.addWidget(self.sendHexShow)
        QHBoxLayout9.addWidget(self.bt_SendDate)
        Form_layout.addRow(QHBoxLayout9)

        groupBox = QGroupBox('发送设置', self)
        groupBox.setLayout(Form_layout)

        Form_layout_All = QFormLayout()
        Form_layout_All.addRow(groupBox)
        #

        self.left_window.setLayout(Form_layout_All)

    def right_window_UI(self):
        groupBox = QGroupBox('接收模式', self)
        # 网格布局
        QForm_Layout = QFormLayout()

        # 输出阅读框
        self.process_output = QTextBrowser(self)

        # 水平布局1
        QHBox_Layout1 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBox_Layout1.addWidget(self.process_output)
        QForm_Layout.addRow(QHBox_Layout1)

        # 读取方式：文本模式，Hex模式
        self.readFileShow = QRadioButton("文本模式", self)
        self.readHexShow = QRadioButton("Hex模式", self)
        self.readHexShow.setChecked(True)

        # 按钮【清空接收】
        self.readClear = QPushButton("清空接收区", self)
        self.readClear.clicked.connect(self.readclear)

        QHBox_Layout2 = QHBoxLayout()
        QHBox_Layout2.addWidget(self.readFileShow, 22)
        QHBox_Layout2.addWidget(self.readHexShow, 23)
        QHBox_Layout2.addWidget(self.readClear)
        # QForm_Layout.addRow(QHBox_Layout2)

        groupBox.setLayout(QHBox_Layout2)
        QForm_Layout.addWidget(groupBox)

        self.right_window.setLayout(QForm_Layout)

        # 开启一个检测勾选框的子线程
        self.flag = 0
        threading.Thread(target=self.CheckboxSendDate, daemon=True).start()
        threading.Thread(target=self.getSerial, daemon=True).start()

    # 清理数据
    def Clear(self):
        self.serialSend_date.clear()
        self.process_output.clear()
        self.countRead.setText('接收：0')
        self.countSend.setText('发送：0')

    def readclear(self):
        self.process_output.clear()

    # 获取串口
    def getSerial(self):
        self.serialContent.clear()
        try:
            port_list = list(serial.tools.list_ports.comports())
            if len(port_list) <= 0:
                pass
            else:
                for ser in list(port_list):
                    self.serialContent.addItem(ser[0])
        except Exception as e:
            self.serialState.setText("%s" % e)

    # 打开串口
    def openSerial(self):
        serialPort = self.serialContent.currentText()  # 当前串口
        serialBaud = self.serialBaudContent.currentText()  # 当前波特率
        serialBits = self.serialBitsContent.currentText()  # 当前数据位
        serialVerify = self.serialVerifyContent.currentText()  # 当前校验位
        serialStopBit = self.serialStopBitContent.currentText()  # 当前停止位

        if serialPort:
            if self.bt_openSerial.text() == "打开串口":
                try:
                    self.ser = serial.Serial(serialPort, serialBaud, timeout=0.01)
                    self.bt_openSerial.setText("串口已打开")
                    self.serialState.setText("%s %s 打开成功 " % (serialPort, serialBaud))
                    # 开启读取结果的子线程
                    threading.Thread(target=self.readDate, daemon=True).start()

                except Exception as e:  # serial.serialutil.SerialException
                    self.bt_openSerial.setText("打开串口")
                    self.serialState.setText("%s 打开失败！%s " % (serialPort, e))
                    QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "%s 打开失败！请确认串口是否已打开？" % serialPort, QMessageBox.Ok)
            else:
                self.ser.close()
                self.bt_openSerial.setText("打开串口")
                self.serialState.setText("%s %s 关闭成功 " % (serialPort, serialBaud))

        else:
            # 如果串口为空则提示错误弹框
            QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "请确认是否已获取串口？", QMessageBox.Ok)

    # 随机生成内容
    def ramdomDate(self):
        Str = self.lenDate.text()

        # print(lenStr)
        listlen = []

        # 返回需要获取的数据长度：list形式[20,20,20,20,....]，因为长度超过Strlist(里面的内容为32-255的16进制)里的内容会导致报错
        def getLenlist(len):
            # 返回需要获取的数据长度list
            while True:
                if len > 20:
                    len = len - 20
                    listlen.append(20)
                elif len <= 20:
                    listlen.append(len)
                    break

            # 返回一个字符串list，里面的内容为32-255的16进制
            mStrlist = []
            for n in range(256):
                if 32 <= n:
                    mStrlist.append(("%x" % n).upper())

            return listlen, mStrlist

        # 判断Str是不是数字
        date = ''
        if Str.isdigit():
            if 0 < int(Str) <= 10000:
                # 返回数据长度list，字符串list
                lenStr, Strlist = getLenlist(int(Str))
                for n in lenStr:
                    # 随机获取Strlist里面的内容，长度为n，并拼接在一起
                    date = "".join(random.sample(Strlist, n)) + date

                # 把获取到的内容放到self.serialSend_date框内
                self.serialSend_date.setText(date)
            else:
                QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "请输入0-10000之间的整数", QMessageBox.Ok)
        else:
            QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "请确认输入的数据长度是否为整数", QMessageBox.Ok)

    # 检测勾选框
    def CheckboxSendDate(self):
        while True:
            sleepTime = self.Tx_time.text()
            if self.QcheckRetry.isChecked():
                if self.serialSend_date.toPlainText() != '':
                    if self.bt_openSerial.text() == "串口已打开":
                        # 开启一条发送数据的子线程
                        threading.Thread(target=self.sendDate, daemon=True).start()

            if sleepTime.isdigit():
                sleep(float(sleepTime) / 1000)
            # else:
            #     sleep(0.01)

    # 检测格式读取数据
    def readDate(self):
        while True:
            if self.bt_openSerial.text() == "打开串口":
                break
            else:
                try:
                    # 十六进制读取串口数据
                    if self.readHexShow.isChecked():
                        date = self.ser.readline().hex()
                        if date:
                            # 打印数据，类型为大写
                            print(date.upper())
                            self.countSendOrRead(self.countRead, date)

                    else:
                        # 字符串形式读取串口数据
                        date = self.ser.readline().decode(encoding='utf-8', errors='ignore')
                        if date:
                            print(date)
                            self.countSendOrRead(self.countRead, date)
                except:
                    pass

    # 检测格式并发送数据
    def sendDate(self):
        if self.sendHexShow.isChecked():
            self.sendHexDate()
        else:
            self.sendStrDate()

    # 字符串形式发送
    def sendStrDate(self):
        if self.serialSend_date.toPlainText() == '':
            QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "发送内容为空！", QMessageBox.Ok)
            return

        if self.bt_openSerial.text() == "打开串口":
            QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "请先打开串口！", QMessageBox.Ok)
            return

        else:
            def runStrSend():
                string = self.serialSend_date.toPlainText()
                # 把内容当字符串发送
                self.ser.write(bytes(string, encoding='utf-8'))
                self.countSendOrRead(self.countSend, string)

            threading.Thread(target=runStrSend).start()

    # Hex形式发送
    def sendHexDate(self):
        if self.serialSend_date.toPlainText() == '':
            QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "发送内容为空！", QMessageBox.Ok)
            return

        if self.bt_openSerial.text() == "打开串口":
            QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "请先打开串口！", QMessageBox.Ok)
            return

        else:
            string = self.serialSend_date.toPlainText()

            # 检查长度，长度不够就补充(需要为偶数)
            def replenish(s):
                listS = []
                for n in range(len(s)):
                    if n % 2 == 0:
                        listS.append(s[n] + s[n + 1])
                    else:
                        s = s + "0"

                # 判断 listS的内容是否全是16进制
                try:
                    bytes.fromhex("".join(listS))
                except:
                    # 如果报错则遍历listS的内容，一个个检查
                    for n in range(len(listS)):
                        # print(listS[n])
                        # 如果单个listS的内容报错，则替换成字符串“00”
                        try:
                            bytes.fromhex(listS[n])
                        except:
                            listS[n] = listS[n].replace(listS[n], "00")

                return "".join(listS)

            def runHexSend(string):
                string = replenish(string)
                self.ser.write(bytes.fromhex(string))
                self.countSendOrRead(self.countSend, string)

            threading.Thread(target=runHexSend, args=(string,)).start()

    # Hex形式显示
    def readHexShow(self):
        try:
            while True:
                str_line = self.ser.in_waiting
                if str_line:
                    data = str(binascii.b2a_hex(self.ser.read(str_line)))[2:-1]
                    self.countSendOrRead(self.countRead, data)
                    print(data)
                if self.bt_openSerial.text() == "打开串口":
                    break

                sleep(0.01)
        except:
            pass

    # 字符串形式显示
    def readStrShow(self):
        try:
            while True:
                str_line = self.ser.readlines()
                if str_line:
                    print(str_line)
                    self.countSendOrRead(self.countRead, str_line)
                if self.bt_openSerial.text() == "打开串口":
                    break

                sleep(0.01)
        except:
            pass

    # 计算输入或者输出的数量
    def countSendOrRead(self, state, str):
        read = state.text()
        countRead = int(read.split("：")[1])
        flag = self.sendHexShow.isChecked()
        newCount = int(len(str) / 2 + countRead) if flag else int(len(str) + countRead)
        self.countSend.setText(f"发送：{newCount}") if "发送" in read else self.countRead.setText(f"接收：{newCount}")



if __name__ == '__main__':
    """运行应用程序"""
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    gui = Serial()  # 主程序入口
    gui.show()  # 显示主界面
    sys.exit(app.exec_())