数据库查询小练习
表信息准备
/*
数据导入:
Navicat Premium Data Transfer
Source Server : localhost
Source Server Type : MySQL
Source Server Version : 50624
Source Host : localhost
Source Database : sqlexam
Target Server Type : MySQL
Target Server Version : 50624
File Encoding : utf-8
Date: 10/21/2016 06:46:46 AM
*/
SET NAMES utf8;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `class`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `class`;
CREATE TABLE `class` (
`cid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`caption` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`cid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of `class`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `class` VALUES ('1', '三年二班'), ('2', '三年三班'), ('3', '一年二班'), ('4', '二年九班');
COMMIT;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `course`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `course`;
CREATE TABLE `course` (
`cid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`cname` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
`teacher_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`cid`),
KEY `fk_course_teacher` (`teacher_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_course_teacher` FOREIGN KEY (`teacher_id`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`tid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of `course`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('1', '生物', '1'), ('2', '物理', '2'), ('3', '体育', '3'), ('4', '美术', '2');
COMMIT;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `score`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `score`;
CREATE TABLE `score` (
`sid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`student_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`course_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`num` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`sid`),
KEY `fk_score_student` (`student_id`),
KEY `fk_score_course` (`course_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_score_course` FOREIGN KEY (`course_id`) REFERENCES `course` (`cid`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_score_student` FOREIGN KEY (`student_id`) REFERENCES `student` (`sid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=53 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of `score`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('1', '1', '1', '10'), ('2', '1', '2', '9'), ('5', '1', '4', '66'), ('6', '2', '1', '8'), ('8', '2', '3', '68'), ('9', '2', '4', '99'), ('10', '3', '1', '77'), ('11', '3', '2', '66'), ('12', '3', '3', '87'), ('13', '3', '4', '99'), ('14', '4', '1', '79'), ('15', '4', '2', '11'), ('16', '4', '3', '67'), ('17', '4', '4', '100'), ('18', '5', '1', '79'), ('19', '5', '2', '11'), ('20', '5', '3', '67'), ('21', '5', '4', '100'), ('22', '6', '1', '9'), ('23', '6', '2', '100'), ('24', '6', '3', '67'), ('25', '6', '4', '100'), ('26', '7', '1', '9'), ('27', '7', '2', '100'), ('28', '7', '3', '67'), ('29', '7', '4', '88'), ('30', '8', '1', '9'), ('31', '8', '2', '100'), ('32', '8', '3', '67'), ('33', '8', '4', '88'), ('34', '9', '1', '91'), ('35', '9', '2', '88'), ('36', '9', '3', '67'), ('37', '9', '4', '22'), ('38', '10', '1', '90'), ('39', '10', '2', '77'), ('40', '10', '3', '43'), ('41', '10', '4', '87'), ('42', '11', '1', '90'), ('43', '11', '2', '77'), ('44', '11', '3', '43'), ('45', '11', '4', '87'), ('46', '12', '1', '90'), ('47', '12', '2', '77'), ('48', '12', '3', '43'), ('49', '12', '4', '87'), ('52', '13', '3', '87');
COMMIT;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `student`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`sid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`class_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`sname` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`sid`),
KEY `fk_class` (`class_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_class` FOREIGN KEY (`class_id`) REFERENCES `class` (`cid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=17 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of `student`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('1', '男', '1', '理解'), ('2', '女', '1', '钢蛋'), ('3', '男', '1', '张三'), ('4', '男', '1', '张一'), ('5', '女', '1', '张二'), ('6', '男', '1', '张四'), ('7', '女', '2', '铁锤'), ('8', '男', '2', '李三'), ('9', '男', '2', '李一'), ('10', '女', '2', '李二'), ('11', '男', '2', '李四'), ('12', '女', '3', '如花'), ('13', '男', '3', '刘三'), ('14', '男', '3', '刘一'), ('15', '女', '3', '刘二'), ('16', '男', '3', '刘四');
COMMIT;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `teacher`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `teacher`;
CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
`tid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`tname` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`tid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of `teacher`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('1', '张磊老师'), ('2', '李平老师'), ('3', '刘海燕老师'), ('4', '朱云海老师'), ('5', '李杰老师');
COMMIT;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
题目及答案
# 1、查询所有的课程的名称以及对应的任课老师姓名
SELECT
course.cname,
teacher.tname
FROM
course
INNER JOIN teacher ON course.teacher_id = teacher.tid;-- 2、查询学生表中男女生各有多少人
SELECT gender,COUNT(student.sid) FROM student GROUP BY gender;
# 3、查询物理成绩等于100的学生的姓名
SELECT
student.sname
FROM
student
WHERE
student.sid IN (
SELECT
score.student_id
FROM
score
INNER JOIN course ON score.course_id = course.cid
WHERE
cname = '物理'
AND score.num = 100
);
# 4、查询平均成绩大于八十分的同学的姓名和平均成绩
SELECT
sname,
t1.avg_num
FROM
student
INNER JOIN ( SELECT student_id, AVG( num ) AS avg_num FROM score GROUP BY score.student_id HAVING AVG( num )> 80 ) AS t1 ON student.sid = t1.student_id;
# 5、查询所有学生的学号,姓名,选课数,总成绩
SELECT
student.sid,
student.sname,
t1.count_course,
t1.sum_score
FROM
student
INNER JOIN (
SELECT
score.student_id,
SUM( score.num ) AS sum_score,
COUNT( score.course_id ) AS count_course
FROM
score
GROUP BY
score.student_id
) AS t1 ON student.sid = t1.student_id;
# 6、 查询姓李老师的个数
SELECT COUNT(tid) FROM teacher WHERE teacher.tname LIKE '李%';
# 7、 查询没有报李平老师课的学生姓名
SELECT
student.sname
FROM
student
WHERE
student.sid NOT IN ( SELECT score.student_id FROM score WHERE score.course_id =( SELECT teacher.tid FROM teacher WHERE teacher.tname = '李平老师' ) );
# 8、 查询物理课程成绩比生物课程成绩高的学生的学号(先分别查出物理和生物的成绩,然后合成一张表即可)
SELECT
t1.student_id
FROM
(
SELECT
score.student_id,
score.num AS '物理成绩'
FROM
score
WHERE
score.course_id IN ( SELECT course.cid FROM course WHERE course.cname = '物理' )) AS t1
INNER JOIN (
SELECT
score.student_id,
score.num AS '生物成绩'
FROM
score
WHERE
score.course_id IN ( SELECT course.cid FROM course WHERE course.cname = '生物' )) AS t2 ON t1.student_id = t2.student_id
WHERE
t1.`物理成绩` > t2.`生物成绩`;
# 9、 查询没有同时选修物理课程和体育课程的学生姓名
1)
SELECT
student.sname
FROM
student
WHERE
student.sid IN (
SELECT
score.student_id
FROM
score
WHERE
score.course_id IN ( SELECT course.cid FROM course WHERE course.cname = '物理' OR course.cname = '体育' )
GROUP BY
student_id
HAVING
COUNT( course_id ) = 1
);
2)
SELECT
student.sname
FROM
student
WHERE
sid IN (
SELECT
student_id
FROM
score
WHERE
course_id IN (
SELECT
cid
FROM
course
WHERE
cname = '物理'
OR cname = '体育'
)
GROUP BY
student_id
HAVING
COUNT(course_id) = 1
);
# 10、查询挂科超过两门(包括两门)的学生姓名和班级
SELECT
student.sname,
class.caption
FROM
student
INNER JOIN (
SELECT
student_id
FROM
score
WHERE
num < 60
GROUP BY
student_id
HAVING
count(course_id) >= 2
) AS t1
INNER JOIN class ON student.sid = t1.student_id
AND student.class_id = class.cid;
SELECT
caption,
sname
FROM
class
INNER JOIN (
SELECT
student.class_id,
student.sname
FROM
student
WHERE
student.sid IN ( SELECT student_id FROM score WHERE score.num < 60 GROUP BY score.student_id HAVING COUNT( score.student_id )>= 2 )) AS t1 ON class.cid = t1.class_id;
# 11 、查询选修了所有课程的学生姓名
SELECT
student.sname
FROM
student
WHERE
student.sid IN (
SELECT
score.student_id
FROM
score
GROUP BY
score.student_id
HAVING
COUNT( course_id ) = ( SELECT COUNT( cid ) FROM course ));
# 12、查询李平老师教的课程的所有成绩记录
SELECT
score.num
FROM
score
WHERE
score.course_id IN (
SELECT
cid
FROM
course
WHERE
course.teacher_id = ( SELECT teacher.tid FROM teacher WHERE teacher.tname = '李平老师' ));
# 13、查询全部学生都选修了的课程号和课程名
SELECT
COUNT( student.sname )
FROM
student;
SELECT
*
FROM
course;
SELECT
*
FROM
student;
SELECT
*
FROM
student
GROUP BY
student.class_id
HAVING
COUNT( student.sname ) = 16;
# 14、查询每门课程被选修的次数
SELECT
course.cname,
t1.number
FROM
course
INNER JOIN ( SELECT score.course_id, COUNT( score.student_id ) AS number FROM score GROUP BY score.course_id ) AS t1 ON course.cid = t1.course_id;-- 15、查询之选修了一门课程的学生姓名和学号
SELECT
student.sname,
student.sid
FROM
student
WHERE
student.sid IN ( SELECT score.student_id FROM score GROUP BY score.student_id HAVING COUNT( score.course_id )= 1 );
# 16、查询所有学生考出的成绩并按从高到低排序(成绩去重)
SELECT DISTINCT score.num FROM score ORDER BY score.num DESC;
# 17、查询平均成绩大于85的学生姓名和平均成绩
SELECT
student.sname,
t1.avg_num
FROM
student
INNER JOIN ( SELECT score.student_id, avg( score.num ) AS avg_num FROM score GROUP BY score.student_id HAVING AVG( num )> 85 ) AS t1 ON student.sid = t1.student_id;
# 18、查询生物成绩不及格的学生姓名和对应生物分数
SELECT
student.sname,
t1.num
FROM
student
INNER JOIN (
SELECT
score.student_id,
score.num
FROM
score
WHERE
score.course_id = ( SELECT course.cid FROM course WHERE course.cname = '生物' )
GROUP BY
score.course_id
HAVING
num < 60
) AS t1 ON student.sid = t1.student_id;
# 19、查询在所有选修了李平老师课程的学生中,这些课程(李平老师的课程,不是所有课程)平均成绩最高的学生姓名
SELECT
student.sname
FROM
student
WHERE
student.sid = (
SELECT
score.student_id
FROM
score
WHERE
score.course_id IN (
SELECT
course.cid
FROM
course
WHERE
course.teacher_id = ( SELECT teacher.tid FROM teacher WHERE teacher.tname = '李平老师' ))
ORDER BY
num DESC
LIMIT 1
);
# 20、查询每门课程成绩最好的前两名学生姓名
SELECT * FROM student WHERE student.sid IN ();
SELECT
score.student_id,
score.course_id,
score.num,
T.first_num,
T.second_num
FROM
score
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT
sid,
( SELECT num FROM score as s2 where s2.course_id = s1.course_id order BY num DESC LIMIT 0, 1 ) AS first_num,
( SELECT num FROM score AS s2 WHERE s2.course_id = s1.course_id order BY num DESC LIMIT 1, 1 ) AS second_num
FROM
score as s1
) AS T ON score.sid = T.sid
WHERE
score.num <= T.first_num and score.num >= T.second_num
# 21、查询不同课程但成绩相同的学号,课程号,成绩
SELECT
s1.student_id,
s1.course_id,
s1.num,
s2.student_id,
s2.course_id,
s2.num
FROM
score AS s1,
score AS s2
WHERE
s1.num = s2.num
AND s1.course_id != s2.course_id;
# 22、查询没学过“李平”老师课程的学生姓名以及选修的课程名称;
SELECT
s1.sname,
c1.cname
FROM
(
SELECT
student.sname,
student.sid
FROM
student
INNER JOIN (
SELECT
*
FROM
score
WHERE
score.course_id NOT IN (
SELECT
course.cid
FROM
course
WHERE
course.teacher_id = ( SELECT teacher.tid FROM teacher WHERE teacher.tname = '李平老师' ))) AS t2 ON student.sid = t2.student_id
) AS s1
INNER JOIN (
SELECT
course.cname,
t1.student_id
FROM
course
INNER JOIN (
SELECT
*
FROM
score
WHERE
score.course_id NOT IN (
SELECT
course.cid
FROM
course
WHERE
course.teacher_id = ( SELECT teacher.tid FROM teacher WHERE teacher.tname = '李平老师' ))) AS t1 ON course.cid = t1.course_id
) AS c1 ON s1.sid = c1.student_id;