Android之ContentProvite组件的使用

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-17 17:12:25 发布

IT-david

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-17 17:12:25 发布

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文章标签： android

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43999182/article/details/108909121

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ContentProvite组件的使用

在这里插入图片描述

实例：

activiy:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ListView MainActivity_listview;
    private List<User> listdata=new ArrayList<>();
    List<Map<String, Object>> listmap=new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();

        getAllContacts2();
        for (User user1:listdata){
            Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
            map.put("id",user1.get_id());
            map.put("name",user1.getName());
            map.put("phone",user1.getPhone());
            listmap.add(map);
        }
        SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter=new SimpleAdapter(this,listmap,R.layout.listview_layout,new String[]{"name","phone"},new int[]{R.id.text1, R.id.text2});
        MainActivity_listview.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
//        test();
    }
    //使用新版本完成查询
    public void getAllContacts2(){
        Uri uri=ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI;
        //所有的数据一般存在data1
        //查询data1，mimetype_id,raw_contact_id
        Cursor cursor=getContentResolver().query(uri,null,null,null,"display_name");
        int index_contact_id=cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID);
        int index_data1=cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Data.DATA1);
        int index_mimetype=cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE);
        Log.i("data1",index_contact_id+"");
        Log.i("data2",index_data1+"");
        Log.i("data3",index_mimetype+"");
        cursor.moveToFirst();
        String id=cursor.getString(index_contact_id);
        int tempid=Integer.parseInt(id);
        User user=new User();
        user.set_id(tempid);

        do{
            id=cursor.getString(index_contact_id);
            if (Integer.parseInt(id)!=tempid){
                listdata.add(user);
                user=new User();
                tempid=Integer.parseInt(id);
                user.set_id(tempid);
            }
            String data1=cursor.getString(index_data1);
            String mimetype=cursor.getString(index_mimetype);
            //名称，字段名我是直接从数据库的mimetypes表复制的
            if (mimetype.equals("vnd.android.cursor.item/name")){
                user.setName(data1);
            }
            //电话
            if (mimetype.equals("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2")){
                user.setPhone(data1);
            }
        }while(cursor.moveToNext());
        listdata.add(user);
    }


    //使用老版本所公开的Uri完成查询
    public void getAllContacts(){
        ContentResolver cr=getContentResolver();
        Uri uri=ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;
        Uri Phoneuri=ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI;
        Cursor cursor=cr.query(uri,null,null,null,null);
        while (cursor.moveToNext()){
            User user=new User();
            String contact_id=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
            user.set_id(Integer.parseInt(contact_id));
            user.setName(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME)));
            Cursor Phonecursor=cr.query(Phoneuri,null,ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID+"=?",new String[]{contact_id},null);
            while (Phonecursor.moveToNext()){
                user.setPhone(Phonecursor.getString(Phonecursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER)));
            }
            listdata.add(user);

        }

    }
    //测试
    public void test(){
        //1、ContentResolver
//        ContentResolver cr=getContentResolver();
//        //ContentResolver公开接口 insert， update， delete， query
//        Uri uri= ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;//联系人名称
//        Cursor cursor=cr.query(uri,new String[]{ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME},null,null,null);
//        while (cursor.moveToNext()){
//            String name=cursor.getString(0);
//            Log.i("PhoneName:",name);
//        }

//        ContentResolver cr1=getContentResolver();
//        Uri uri1=ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI;
//        Cursor cursor=cr1.query(uri1,new String[]{ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER},null,null,null);
//        while (cursor.moveToNext()){
//            String number=cursor.getString(0);
//            Log.i("Phone:",number);
//        }

        ContentResolver cr=getContentResolver();
        Uri uri=ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI;//2.X以上版本可用
        Cursor cursor=cr.query(uri,new String[]{ContactsContract.Data.DATA1},null,null,null);
        while (cursor.moveToNext()){
            String data1=cursor.getString(0);
            Log.i("data1",data1);
        }
    }
    private void initView() {
        MainActivity_listview = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.MainActivity_listview);
    }
}

layout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/MainActivity_listview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    </ListView>

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Name"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
        />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Phone"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
        />
</LinearLayout>

自定义ContentProvider

自定义ContentProvider
UriMatcher

编写一个类，必须继承自ContentProvider类

实现ContentProvider类中所有的抽象方法；
onCerate()，getType()，query()，insert()，update()，delete()等方法
在清单文件中声明注册ContentProvider
在这里插入图片描述

1、自定义创建数据库的类

package com.example.myapplication.util;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
/*
* 自定义一个创建数据库的帮助类
* */
public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    public static final int VERSION=1;

    public DBHelper(Context context) {
        //创建数据库
        super(context,"Student.db",null,VERSION);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase) {
        //创建数据库中的表
        String sql="create table Student(_id integer primary key autoincrement,name,age,score)";
        sqLiteDatabase.execSQL(sql);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase, int i, int i1) {
        //修改数据库
    }
}

2、创建自定义Provider类

package com.example.myapplication.util;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

public class MyProvider extends ContentProvider {
    private DBHelper dbHelper;
    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        dbHelper=new DBHelper(getContext());
        return false;
    }
    /*
    *strings:查询的列
    * s：行条件
    * strings1：条件中参数的值
    * s1：排序（排序字段）
    *
    * */
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Cursor query(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String[] strings, @Nullable String s, @Nullable String[] strings1, @Nullable String s1) {

        return dbHelper.getReadableDatabase().query("Student",strings,s,strings1,null,null,s1);
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public String getType(@NonNull Uri uri) {
        return null;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Uri insert(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues contentValues) {
        SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase=dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        long rowId = sqLiteDatabase.insert("Student", null, contentValues);
        //追加一个id；就是在url后面加资源标识如：content://heying.provider.contentprovider/rowId
        sqLiteDatabase.close();
        return ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri,rowId);
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String s, @Nullable String[] strings) {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues contentValues, @Nullable String s, @Nullable String[] strings) {
        return 0;
    }
}

3、在AndroidManifest.xml中注册自定义的Provider

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.myapplication">
<!--    允许程序访问联系人通讯录信息-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <!--注册provider；
        authorities：相当于url我们自定定义的字符串；
        name：自定义Provider的位置；
        exported：为真就是允许别人访问-->
        <provider
            android:authorities="heying.provider.contentprovider"
            android:name="com.example.myapplication.util.MyProvider"
            android:exported="true"/>
    </application>

</manifest>

使用

一）、本包MainActivity 的使用

package com.example.myapplication;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
import android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import com.example.myapplication.bean.User;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private ListView MainActivity_listview;
    private List<User> listdata = new ArrayList<>();
    List<Map<String, Object>> listmap = new ArrayList<>();
    private EditText textname;
    private EditText textage;
    private EditText textcj;
    private Button butadd;
    protected ContentResolver cr;
    private Uri contenurl;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        cr=getContentResolver();
        contenurl= Uri.parse("content://heying.provider.contentprovider");
        query();

    }

    private void initView() {
        MainActivity_listview = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.MainActivity_listview);
        textname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.textname);
        textname.setOnClickListener(this);
        textage = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.textage);
        textage.setOnClickListener(this);
        textcj = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.textcj);
        textcj.setOnClickListener(this);
        butadd = (Button) findViewById(R.id.butadd);
        butadd.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.butadd:
                insert();
                break;
        }
    }
    private void query(){
        Cursor cursor=cr.query(contenurl,null,null,null,null);
        SimpleCursorAdapter adapter=new SimpleCursorAdapter(this,R.layout.listview_layout,cursor,new String[]{"name","age","score"},
                new int[]{R.id.text1,R.id.text2,R.id.text3});
        MainActivity_listview.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
    private void insert() {
        ContentValues values=new ContentValues();
        values.put("name",textname.getText().toString().trim());
        values.put("age",textage.getText().toString().trim());
        values.put("score",textcj.getText().toString().trim());
        cr.insert(contenurl, values);
        Toast.makeText(this,"数据插入成功....",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        query();
    }

}

二）、其他应用程序的使用

注：只要知道其他包的共享的uri就可以拿到响应共享的数据。

package com.example.myapplication2;

import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ListView main_listview;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        query();

    }

    private void query() {
        Uri uri=Uri.parse("content://heying.provider.contentprovider");
        Cursor cursor=getContentResolver().query(uri,null,null,null,null);
        SimpleCursorAdapter simpleCursorAdapter=new SimpleCursorAdapter(this,R.layout.listview_layout,cursor,new String[]{"name","age","score"},
                new int[]{R.id.text1,R.id.text2,R.id.text3});
        main_listview.setAdapter(simpleCursorAdapter);
    }

    private void initView() {
        main_listview = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.main_listview);
    }
}

UriMatcher的使用(管理多个表的共享分区)

在这里插入图片描述

在自定义的ContentProvider为表设置资源标识：

在这里插入图片描述

使用matcher.match(uri);方法区分：

在这里插入图片描述

使用

在这里插入图片描述

IT-david

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Android之ContentProvite组件的使用

ContentProvite组件的使用实例：activiy:public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private ListView MainActivity_listview; private List<User> listdata=new ArrayList<>(); List<Map<String, Object>> listmap=new A
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