创建图元

程序

主窗口函数（各种图元的显示）

.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QGraphicsScene>

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~MainWindow();
    void initScene();            			//初始化场景
    void createActions();       			//创建主窗体的所有动作
    void createMenus(); //创建主窗体的菜单栏
public slots:
    void slotNew();              			//新建一个显示窗体
    void slotClear();           			//清除场景中所有的图元
    void slotAddEllipseItem();              //在场景中加入一个椭圆形图元
    void slotAddPolygonItem();      		//在场景中加入一个多边形图元
    void slotAddTextItem();         		//在场景中加入一个文字图元
    void slotAddRectItem();         		//在场景中加入一个长方形图元
    void slotAddAlphaItem();        		//在场景中加入一个透明蝴蝶图片
    void slotAddFlashItem();                //在场景中加入一个闪烁椭圆
    void slotAnimationItem();               //在场景中加入一个星星动画
private:
    QGraphicsScene *scene;
    QAction *newAct;
    QAction *clearAct;
    QAction *exitAct;
    QAction *addEllipseItemAct;
    QAction *addPolygonItemAct;
    QAction *addTextItemAct;
    QAction *addRectItemAct;
    QAction *addAlphaItemAct;
    QAction *addFlashItemAct;
    QAction *addAnimItemAct;
};

#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QGraphicsView>
#include <QMenu>
#include <QMenuBar>
#include <QGraphicsEllipseItem>
#include "flashitem.h"
#include "startitem.h"
#include <QGraphicsItemAnimation>
#include <QTimeLine>

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
{
    createActions();
    createMenus();
    scene=new QGraphicsScene;
    scene->setSceneRect(-200,-200,400,400);
    initScene();
    QGraphicsView *view=new QGraphicsView;
    view->setScene(scene);
    view->setMinimumSize(400,400);
    view->show();
    setCentralWidget(view);
    resize(550,450);
    setWindowTitle("Graphics Items");
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{

}
void MainWindow::createActions()       	//创建主窗体的所有动作
{
    newAct = new QAction(tr("新建"),this);
    clearAct = new QAction(tr("清除"),this);
    exitAct = new QAction(tr("退出"),this);
    addEllipseItemAct = new QAction(tr("加入 椭圆"),this);
    addPolygonItemAct = new QAction(tr("加入 多边形"),this);
    addTextItemAct = new QAction(tr("加入 文字"),this);
    addRectItemAct = new QAction(tr("加入 长方形"),this);
    addAlphaItemAct = new QAction(tr("加入 透明图片"),this);
    addFlashItemAct =new QAction(tr("加入 闪烁圆"),this);
    addAnimItemAct =new QAction(tr("加入 星星"),this);
    connect(newAct,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(slotNew()));
    connect(clearAct,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(slotClear()));
    connect(exitAct,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(close()));
    connect(addEllipseItemAct,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT (slotAddEllipseItem()));
    connect(addPolygonItemAct,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT (slotAddPolygonItem()));
    connect(addTextItemAct,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT (slotAddTextItem()));
    connect(addRectItemAct,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT (slotAddRectItem()));
    connect(addAlphaItemAct,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT (slotAddAlphaItem()));
    connect(addFlashItemAct,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT (slotAddFlashItem()));
    connect(addAnimItemAct,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT (slotAnimationItem()));
}
void MainWindow::createMenus()         	//创建主窗体的菜单栏
{
    QMenu *fileMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("文件"));
    fileMenu->addAction(newAct);
    fileMenu->addAction(clearAct);
    fileMenu->addSeparator();
    fileMenu->addAction(exitAct);
    QMenu *itemsMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("元素"));
    itemsMenu->addAction(addEllipseItemAct);
    itemsMenu->addAction(addPolygonItemAct);
    itemsMenu->addAction(addTextItemAct);
    itemsMenu->addAction(addRectItemAct);
    itemsMenu->addAction(addAlphaItemAct);
    itemsMenu->addAction(addFlashItemAct);
    itemsMenu->addAction(addAnimItemAct);
}
void MainWindow::initScene()        		//初始化场景
{
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<3;i++)
        slotAddEllipseItem();
    for(i=0;i<3;i++)
        slotAddPolygonItem();
    for(i=0;i<3;i++)
        slotAddTextItem();
    for(i=0;i<3;i++)
        slotAddRectItem();
    for(i=0;i<3;i++)
        slotAddAlphaItem();
    for(i=0;i<3;i++)
        slotAddFlashItem();
    for(i=0;i<3;i++)
        slotAnimationItem();
}
void MainWindow::slotNew()        		//新建一个显示窗体
{
    slotClear();
    initScene();
    MainWindow *newWin = new MainWindow;
    newWin->show();
}
void MainWindow::slotClear()        	//清除场景中所有的图元
{
    QList<QGraphicsItem*> listItem = scene->items();//一个QList存储场景内的图元
    while(!listItem.empty())
    {
        scene->removeItem(listItem.at(0));//场景中清除图元
        listItem.removeAt(0);//QList清除项
    }
}
void MainWindow::slotAddEllipseItem()	//在场景中加入一个椭圆形图元
{
    QGraphicsEllipseItem *item = new QGraphicsEllipseItem(QRectF(0,0,80,60));
    item->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
    item->setBrush(QColor(qrand()%256,qrand()%256,qrand()%256));
    item->setFlag(QGraphicsItem::ItemIsMovable);
    scene->addItem(item);
    item->setPos((qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().width()))-200,
                 (qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().height()))-200);
}
void MainWindow::slotAddPolygonItem()  	//在场景中加入一个多边形图元
{
    QVector<QPoint> v;
    v<<QPoint(30,-15)<<QPoint(0,-30)<<QPoint(-30,-15)
            <<QPoint(-30,15)<<QPoint(0,30)<<QPoint(30,15);
    QGraphicsPolygonItem *item= new QGraphicsPolygonItem(QPolygonF(v));
    item->setBrush(QColor(qrand()%256,qrand()%256,qrand()%256));
    item->setFlag(QGraphicsItem::ItemIsMovable);
    scene->addItem(item);
    item->setPos((qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().width()))-200,
                 (qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().height()))-200);

}
void MainWindow::slotAddTextItem()  		//在场景中加入一个文字图元
{
    QFont font("Times",16);
    QGraphicsTextItem *item = new QGraphicsTextItem("Hello Qt");
    item->setFont(font);
    item->setFlag(QGraphicsItem::ItemIsMovable);
    item->setDefaultTextColor(QColor(qrand()%256,qrand()%256,qrand ()%256));
    scene->addItem(item);
    item->setPos((qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().width()))-200,
                 (qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().height()))-200);
}
void MainWindow::slotAddRectItem()          //在场景中加入一个长方形图元
{
    QGraphicsRectItem *item = new QGraphicsRectItem(QRectF(0,0, 60,60));
    QPen pen;
    pen.setWidth(3);
    pen.setColor(QColor(qrand()%256,qrand()%256,qrand()%256));
    item->setPen(pen);
    item->setBrush(QColor(qrand()%256,qrand()%256,qrand()%256));
    item->setFlag(QGraphicsItem::ItemIsMovable);
    scene->addItem(item);
    item->setPos((qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().width()))-200,
                 (qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().height()))-200);
}
void MainWindow::slotAddAlphaItem() 	//在场景中加入一个透明蝴蝶图片
{
    QGraphicsPixmapItem *item =scene->addPixmap(QPixmap("image.png"));
    item->setFlag(QGraphicsItem::ItemIsMovable);
    item->setPos((qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().width()))-200,
                 (qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().height()))-200);
}

void MainWindow::slotAddFlashItem()//在场景中加入一个闪烁椭圆
{
    FlashItem *item= new FlashItem;
    scene->addItem(item);
    item->setPos((qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().width()))-200,
                 (qrand()%int(scene->sceneRect().height()))-200);
}

void MainWindow::slotAnimationItem()//在场景中加入一个星星动画
{
    StartItem*item=new StartItem;
    QGraphicsItemAnimation *anim=new QGraphicsItemAnimation;//图元动画
    anim->setItem(item);
    QTimeLine *timeLine =new QTimeLine(4000);//时间轴
    timeLine->setCurveShape(QTimeLine::SineCurve);//播放模式
    timeLine->setLoopCount(0);
    anim->setTimeLine(timeLine);
    int y= (qrand()%400)-200;
    for(int i=0;i<400;i++)
    {
        anim->setPosAt(i/400.0,QPointF(i-200,y));
    }
    timeLine->start();
    scene->addItem(item);
}

闪烁椭圆函数

.h
#ifndef FLASHITEM_H
#define FLASHITEM_H

#include <QObject>
#include <QGraphicsItem>

class FlashItem : public QObject,public QGraphicsItem
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit FlashItem(QObject *parent = nullptr);
    QRectF boundingRect() const;
    void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget);
    void timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event);
private:
    bool flash;
    QTimer *timer;
signals:

public slots:
};

#endif // FLASHITEM_H

.cpp
#include "flashitem.h"
#include <QPainter>

FlashItem::FlashItem(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent)
{
    flash=true;
    setFlag(ItemIsMovable);
    startTimer(1000);
}

QRectF FlashItem::boundingRect() const
{
    qreal adjust=2;
    return QRectF(-10-adjust,-10-adjust,43+adjust,43+adjust);
}

void FlashItem::paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget)
{
    painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
    painter->setBrush(Qt::darkGray);
    painter->drawEllipse(-7,-7,40,40);
    painter->setPen(QPen(Qt::black,0));
    painter->setBrush(flash?(Qt::red):(Qt::yellow));
    painter->drawEllipse(-10,-10,40,40);
}

void FlashItem::timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event)
{
    flash=!flash;
    update();
}

星星动画函数

.h
#ifndef STARTITEM_H
#define STARTITEM_H
#include <QGraphicsItem>
#include <QPainter>

class StartItem : public QGraphicsItem
{
public:
    StartItem();
    QRectF boundingRect() const;
    void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget);
private:
    QPixmap pix;
};

#endif // STARTITEM_H

.cpp
#include "startitem.h"

StartItem::StartItem()
{
    pix.load("star.png");
}

QRectF StartItem::boundingRect() const
{
    return QRectF(-pix.width()/2,-pix.height()/2,pix.width(),pix.height());
}

void StartItem::paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget)
{
    painter->drawPixmap(boundingRect().topLeft(),pix);
}

效果展示