关于Spring注解@Import

以下内容仅供参考

@Import的用途

@Import通过快速导入的方式实现把实例加入spring的IOC容器中。

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Import {

	/**
	 * {@link Configuration @Configuration}, {@link ImportSelector},
	 * {@link ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar}, or regular component classes to import.
	 */
	Class<?>[] value();

}

注解用于类上，用于快速导入一个类

@Import的使用方式

1.类字面常量

1. 直接写类字面常量，可以多个

//实体类1
package bean;

public class Bean01 {

    public Bean01(){
        System.out.println("Bean01构造器被调用");
    }
}

//实体类2
package bean;

public class Bean02 {
    public Bean02(){
        System.out.println("Bean02构造器被调用");
    }
}

2. 配置类 使用@Import导入Bean01和Bean02

package configuration;


import bean.Bean01;
import bean.Bean02;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;

@Configuration
@Import({Bean01.class,Bean02.class})
public class Configuration01 {

    public Configuration01(){
        System.out.println("Configuration01构造器被调用");
    }
}

3. 测试

package test;

import configuration.Configuration01;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Configuration01.class);
        for(String s:applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames()){
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

//输出结果
Configuration01构造器被调用
Bean01构造器被调用
Bean02构造器被调用
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory
configuration01
bean.Bean01
bean.Bean02

可以看到这样导入成功了，Bean01和Bean02被Spring管理了

2.实现ImportSelector接口导入

1. 创建一个类实现ImportSelector接口，实现selectImports方法，该方法返回一个字符串数组，当使用@Import导入该类的时候，实际上是注册了这个方法返回字符串的类.

• ImportSelectorImp01的selectImports方法返回Bean01和Bean02两个类

package bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportSelector;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotationMetadata;


public class ImportSelectorImp01 implements ImportSelector {

    @Override
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
        return new String[]{"bean.Bean01","bean.Bean02"};
    }

}

• @Import导入实现类ImportSelector接口的类

package configuration;


import bean.Bean01;
import bean.Bean02;
import bean.ImportSelectorImp01;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;

@Configuration
@Import(ImportSelectorImp01.class)
public class Configuration01 {

    public Configuration01(){
        System.out.println("Configuration01构造器被调用");
    }

}

• 测试

package test;

import configuration.Configuration01;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Configuration01.class);
        for(String s:applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames()){
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

//运行结果
Configuration01构造器被调用
Bean01构造器被调用
Bean02构造器被调用
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory
configuration01
bean.Bean01
bean.Bean02

3.实现ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口导入

1. 创建一个类实现ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口并实现方法registerBeanDefinitions在方法里进行bean注册

package bean;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionRegistry;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotationMetadata;

public class ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrarImp01 implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
    @Override
    public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
        RootBeanDefinition rootBeanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(Bean01.class);
        registry.registerBeanDefinition("bean01",rootBeanDefinition);
    }
}

package configuration;


import bean.ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrarImp01;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;

@Configuration
@Import(ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrarImp01.class)
public class Configuration01 {

    public Configuration01(){
        System.out.println("Configuration01构造器被调用");
    }


}

package test;

import configuration.Configuration01;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Configuration01.class);
        for(String s:applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames()){
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

//测试结果
Configuration01构造器被调用
Bean01构造器被调用
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory
configuration01
bean01