k8s常用命令

1. get
   获取资源列表

[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl get pod
NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2   1/1     Running   0          30s
nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-nmhvr   1/1     Running   0          12m
[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP            NODE        NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2   1/1     Running   0          41s   10.244.1.65   k8s-node2   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-nmhvr   1/1     Running   0          12m   10.244.2.56   k8s-node3   <none>           <none>
[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl get node
NAME        STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-node1   Ready    master   28d   v1.17.3
k8s-node2   Ready    <none>   28d   v1.17.3
k8s-node3   Ready    <none>   28d   v1.17.3
[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl get service nginx-service -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  annotations:
    kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
      {"apiVersion":"v1","kind":"Service","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"nginx-service","namespace":"default"},"spec":{"ports":[{"nodePort":30080,"port":80,"targetPort":80}],"selector":{"app":"nginx"},"type":"NodePort"}}
  creationTimestamp: "2021-12-19T13:33:45Z"
  name: nginx-service
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: "446464"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/services/nginx-service
  uid: 5e56ce2e-5150-429b-b659-82a72ad91b5c
spec:
  clusterIP: 10.96.164.32
  externalTrafficPolicy: Cluster
  ports:
  - nodePort: 30080
    port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: nginx
  sessionAffinity: None
  type: NodePort
status:
  loadBalancer: {}

2. describe
   获取某个资源的详细信息

[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2
Name:         nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2
Namespace:    default
Priority:     0
Node:         k8s-node2/10.0.2.10
Start Time:   Sun, 19 Dec 2021 07:33:08 +0000
Labels:       app=nginx
              pod-template-hash=85ff79dd56
Annotations:  <none>
Status:       Running
IP:           10.244.1.65
IPs:
  IP:           10.244.1.65
Controlled By:  ReplicaSet/nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56
Containers:
  nginx:
    Container ID:   docker://22d3c4665c96ec099a62809d12840cdca249f5d3d0a32b9d02f3150005786977
    Image:          nginx
    Image ID:       docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:9522864dd661dcadfd9958f9e0de192a1fdda2c162a35668ab6ac42b465f0603
    Port:           80/TCP
    Host Port:      0/TCP
    State:          Running
      Started:      Sun, 19 Dec 2021 07:33:25 +0000
    Ready:          True
    Restart Count:  0
    Environment:    <none>
    Mounts:
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-nqdz8 (ro)
Conditions:
  Type              Status
  Initialized       True
  Ready             True
  ContainersReady   True
  PodScheduled      True
Volumes:
  default-token-nqdz8:
    Type:        Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
    SecretName:  default-token-nqdz8
    Optional:    false
QoS Class:       BestEffort
Node-Selectors:  <none>
Tolerations:     node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
                 node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
  Type    Reason     Age    From                Message
  ----    ------     ----   ----                -------
  Normal  Scheduled  6m9s   default-scheduler   Successfully assigned default/nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2 to k8s-node2
  Normal  Pulling    6m8s   kubelet, k8s-node2  Pulling image "nginx"
  Normal  Pulled     5m52s  kubelet, k8s-node2  Successfully pulled image "nginx"
  Normal  Created    5m52s  kubelet, k8s-node2  Created container nginx
  Normal  Started    5m52s  kubelet, k8s-node2  Started container nginx

3. delete
   删除某个资源

[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl delete pod nginx-pod
pod "nginx-pod" deleted

4. apply
   应用某个资源

[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl apply -f nginx-pod.yaml
pod/nginx-pod created

5. logs
   查看某个pod的日志信息

[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl delete pod nginx-pod
pod "nginx-pod" deleted
[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl logs nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
2021/12/19 07:33:25 [notice] 1#1: using the "epoll" event method
2021/12/19 07:33:25 [notice] 1#1: nginx/1.21.4
2021/12/19 07:33:25 [notice] 1#1: built by gcc 10.2.1 20210110 (Debian 10.2.1-6)
2021/12/19 07:33:25 [notice] 1#1: OS: Linux 3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64
2021/12/19 07:33:25 [notice] 1#1: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 1048576:1048576
2021/12/19 07:33:25 [notice] 1#1: start worker processes
2021/12/19 07:33:25 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 31
2021/12/19 07:33:25 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 32
2021/12/19 07:33:25 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 33
2021/12/19 07:33:25 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 34

6. scale
   手动缩扩容

[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl scale deployment nginx-deployment --replicas=2
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment scaled

7. exec
   进入到容器内部执行命令
   格式：kubectl exec -it 容器名 -n 命名空间 /bin/bash

[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]# kubectl exec -it nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2 -n default /bin/bash
root@nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2:/# ls
bin  boot  dev  docker-entrypoint.d  docker-entrypoint.sh  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2:/# cd var
root@nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2:/var# ls
backups  cache  lib  local  lock  log  mail  opt  run  spool  tmp
root@nginx-deployment-85ff79dd56-8f8s2:/var# exit
exit
[root@k8s-node1 mytestyaml]#