威康生命游戏

康威生命游戏（英语：Conway's Game of Life），又称康威生命棋，是英国数学家约翰·何顿·康威在1970年发明的细胞自动机。

它最初于1970年10月在《科学美国人》杂志上马丁·葛登能的“数学游戏”专栏出现。

简单版

import tkinter as tk
import copy

# 设置格子大小
SIZE = 50
WIDTH = 10
HEIGHT = 10

def count_neighbours(board, row, col):
    count = 0
    for i in range(max(0, row - 1), min(HEIGHT, row + 2)):
        for j in range(max(0, col - 1), min(WIDTH, col + 2)):
            if (i, j) != (row, col) and board[i][j] == 1:
                count += 1
    return count

def update_board(board):
    new_board = copy.deepcopy(board)
    for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
            neighbours = count_neighbours(board, i, j)
            if board[i][j] == 1 and not 2 <= neighbours <= 3:
                new_board[i][j] = 0
            elif neighbours == 3:
                new_board[i][j] = 1
    return new_board

def draw_board(board):
    for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
            cell = cells[i][j]
            if board[i][j] == 1:
                cell.config(bg="black")
            else:
                cell.config(bg="white")

def game_loop():
    global board
    board = update_board(board)
    draw_board(board)
    root.after(500, game_loop)

# 初始化游戏
board = [[0 for _ in range(WIDTH)] for _ in range(HEIGHT)]
root = tk.Tk()
cells = [[tk.Label(root, width=2, height=1) for _ in range(WIDTH)] for _ in range(HEIGHT)]
for i in range(HEIGHT):
    for j in range(WIDTH):
        cells[i][j].grid(row=i, column=j)

# 随机生成一些细胞
for _ in range(30):
    i, j = random.randint(0, HEIGHT - 1), random.randint(0, WIDTH - 1)
    board[i][j] = 1

draw_board(board)
root.after(500, game_loop)
root.mainloop()

进阶版

import tkinter as tk
import random
import copy

# 设置格子大小
SIZE = 50
WIDTH = 10
HEIGHT = 10

def count_neighbours(board, row, col):
    count = 0
    for i in range(max(0, row - 1), min(HEIGHT, row + 2)):
        for j in range(max(0, col - 1), min(WIDTH, col + 2)):
            if (i, j) != (row, col) and board[i][j] == 1:
                count += 1
    return count

def update_board(board):
    new_board = copy.deepcopy(board)
    for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
            neighbours = count_neighbours(board, i, j)
            if board[i][j] == 1 and not 2 <= neighbours <= 3:
                new_board[i][j] = 0
            elif neighbours == 3:
                new_board[i][j] = 1
    return new_board

def draw_board(board):
    for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
            cell = cells[i][j]
            if board[i][j] == 1:
                cell.config(bg="black")
            else:
                cell.config(bg="white")

def game_loop():
    global board, score
    if not is_playing:
        return
    board = update_board(board)
    draw_board(board)
    score += sum(map(sum, board)) # 统计存活的细胞数量
    score_label.config(text=f"Score: {score}")
    root.after(500, game_loop)

def start_game():
    global is_playing
    is_playing = True
    game_loop()

def stop_game():
    global is_playing
    is_playing = False

# 初始化游戏
board = [[0 for _ in range(WIDTH)] for _ in range(HEIGHT)]
root = tk.Tk()
cells = [[tk.Label(root, width=2, height=1) for _ in range(WIDTH)] for _ in range(HEIGHT)]
for i in range(HEIGHT):
    for j in range(WIDTH):
        cells[i][j].grid(row=i, column=j)

# 随机生成一些细胞
for _ in range(30):
    i, j = random.randint(0, HEIGHT - 1), random.randint(0, WIDTH - 1)
    board[i][j] = 1

score = 0
score_label = tk.Label(root, text=f"Score: {score}")
score_label.grid(row=HEIGHT, column=0, columnspan=WIDTH)

is_playing = False
start_button = tk.Button(root, text="Start", command=start_game)
start_button.grid(row=HEIGHT+1, column=0, columnspan=WIDTH//2)
stop_button = tk.Button(root, text="Stop", command=stop_game)
stop_button.grid(row=HEIGHT+1, column=WIDTH//2, columnspan=WIDTH//2)

draw_board(board)
root.mainloop()

终极版

import tkinter as tk
import random
import copy

# 设置格子大小
SIZE = 50
WIDTH = 10
HEIGHT = 10

def count_neighbours(board, row, col):
    count = 0
    for i in range(max(0, row - 1), min(HEIGHT, row + 2)):
        for j in range(max(0, col - 1), min(WIDTH, col + 2)):
            if (i, j) != (row, col) and board[i][j] == 1:
                count += 1
    return count

def update_board(board):
    new_board = copy.deepcopy(board)
    for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
            neighbours = count_neighbours(board, i, j)
            if board[i][j] == 1 and not 2 <= neighbours <= 3:
                new_board[i][j] = 0
            elif neighbours == 3:
                new_board[i][j] = 1
    return new_board

def draw_board(board):
    for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
            cell = cells[i][j]
            if board[i][j] == 1:
                cell.config(bg="black")
            else:
                cell.config(bg="white")

def game_loop():
    global board, state_label
    if not is_playing:
        return
    board = update_board(board)
    draw_board(board)
    living_cells = sum(map(sum, board))
    state_label.config(text=f"Living Cells: {living_cells}")
    root.after(500, game_loop)

def start_game():
    global is_playing
    is_playing = True
    game_loop()

def stop_game():
    global is_playing, board
    is_playing = False
    board = [[0 for _ in range(WIDTH)] for _ in range(HEIGHT)]
    draw_board(board)

def initialize_game():
    global board
    for _ in range(30):
        i, j = random.randint(0, HEIGHT - 1), random.randint(0, WIDTH - 1)
        board[i][j] = 1
    draw_board(board)

def click_cell(event):
    cell = event.widget
    i, j = cell.grid_info()["row"], cell.grid_info()["column"]
    board[i][j] = 1 if board[i][j] == 0 else 0
    draw_board(board)

# 初始化游戏
board = [[0 for _ in range(WIDTH)] for _ in range(HEIGHT)]
root = tk.Tk()
cells = [[tk.Label(root, width=2, height=1) for _ in range(WIDTH)] for _ in range(HEIGHT)]
for i in range(HEIGHT):
    for j in range(WIDTH):
        cells[i][j].grid(row=i, column=j)
        cells[i][j].bind("<Button-1>", click_cell)

state_label = tk.Label(root, text=f"Living Cells: {0}")
state_label.grid(row=HEIGHT, column=0, columnspan=WIDTH)

is_playing = False
start_button = tk.Button(root, text="Start", command=start_game)
start_button.grid(row=HEIGHT+1, column=0, columnspan=WIDTH//3)
stop_button = tk.Button(root, text="Stop", command=stop_game)
stop_button.grid(row=HEIGHT+1, column=WIDTH//3, columnspan=WIDTH//3)
init_button = tk.Button(root, text="Initialize", command=initialize_game)
init_button.grid(row=HEIGHT+1, column=(2*WIDTH)//3, columnspan=WIDTH//3)

draw_board(board)
root.mainloop()