设计模式之中介者模式

本文根据尚硅谷韩顺平老师的设计模式课程编写设计模式

智能家庭项目

1. 智能家庭包括各种设备，闹钟，咖啡机，电视机，窗帘等
2. 主人要看电视时，各个设备可以协同工作，自动完成看电视的准备工作，比如流程为:闹铃响起->咖啡机开始做咖啡->窗帘自动落下->电视机开始播放

传统的方式的问题分析

1. 当各电器对象有名种状态改变时，相互之间的调用关系会比较复杂
2. 各个电器对象彼此联系，你中有我，我中有你，不利于松耦合.
3. 各个电器对象之间所传递的消息(参数)，容易混乱
4. 当系统增加一个新的电器对象时，或者执行流程改变时，代码的可维护性、扩展性都不理想=>考虑中介者模式

基本介绍

1. 中介者模式(Mediator Pattern)，用一个中介对象来封装一系列的对 象交互。中介者使各个对象不需要显式地相互引用，从而使其耦合松散，而且可以独立地改变它们之间的交互
2. 中介者模式属于行为型模式，使代码易于维护
3. 比如MVC模式，C (Controller控制器)是M (Model模型)和V (View视图)的中介者，在前后端交互时起到了中间人的作用

角色

1. Mediator 就是抽象中介者，定义了同事对象到中介者对象的接口
2. Colleague 是抽象同事类
3. ConcreteMediator 具体的中介者对象，实现抽象方法，他需要知道多有的具体的同事类，即一个集合来管理HashMap并接受某个同事对象消息，完成相应的任务
4. ConcreteColleague 具体的同事类，会有很多，每个同事只知道自己的行为，而不了解其他同事类的行为，但是他们都依赖中介者对象

代码

public abstract class Colleague {
    private Mediator mediator;
    public String name;

    public Colleague(Mediator mediator, String name) {
        this.mediator = mediator;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Mediator getMediator() {
        return mediator;
    }

    public  abstract void SendMessage(int stateChange);
}

public abstract class Mediator {
    //将中介者对象，加入到集合中
    public abstract void Register(String colleagueName, Colleague colleague);

    //接受消息，具体的对象发出的
    public abstract void getMessage(int stateChange, String colleagueName);

    public abstract void SendMessage();
}

//闹钟
public class Alarm extends Colleague {
    public Alarm(Mediator mediator, String name){
        super(mediator, name);
        mediator.Register(name,this);
    }

    public void SendAlarm(int stateChange){
        SendMessage(stateChange);
    }

    @Override
    public void SendMessage(int stateChange) {
        this.getMediator().getMessage(stateChange, this.name);
    }
}

public class CoffeeMachine extends Colleague {
    public CoffeeMachine(Mediator mediator, String name) {
        super(mediator, name);
        mediator.Register(name, this);
    }

    @Override
    public void SendMessage(int stateChange) {
        this.getMediator().getMessage(stateChange,this.name);
    }

    public void StartCoffee() {
        System.out.println("Coffee Start");
    }

    public void FinishCoffee() {
        System.out.println("Coffee Finish");
    }
}

public class ConcreteMediator extends Mediator {

    private HashMap<String, Colleague> colleagueMap;
    private HashMap<String, String> stringMap;

    public ConcreteMediator() {
        colleagueMap = new HashMap<>();
        stringMap = new HashMap<>();
    }

    @Override
    public void Register(String colleagueName, Colleague colleague) {
        colleagueMap.put(colleagueName, colleague);
        if (colleague instanceof  Alarm){
            stringMap.put("Alarm", colleagueName);
        }else if (colleague instanceof CoffeeMachine){
            stringMap.put("CoffeeMachine", colleagueName);
        }else if (colleague instanceof  TV){
            stringMap.put("TV", colleagueName);
        }else if (colleague instanceof Curtains){
            stringMap.put("Curtains", colleagueName);
        }
    }

    //具体中介着的核心方法
    //根据得到的消息，完成对应的方法
    //中介者在这个方法中，协调各个具体的类
    @Override
    public void getMessage(int stateChange, String colleagueName) {
        if (colleagueMap.get(colleagueName) instanceof Alarm){
            if (stateChange == 0){
                ((CoffeeMachine)(colleagueMap.get(stringMap.get("CoffeeMachine")))).StartCoffee();
                ((TV)(colleagueMap.get(stringMap.get("TV")))).startTv();
            }else if (stateChange == 1){
                ((TV)(colleagueMap.get(stringMap.get("TV")))).stopTv();
            }
        }else if (colleagueMap.get(colleagueName) instanceof CoffeeMachine){
            ((Curtains)(colleagueMap.get(stringMap.get("Curtains")))).upCurtains();
        }else if (colleagueMap.get(colleagueName) instanceof TV){
            //处理待定
        }else if (colleagueMap.get(colleagueName) instanceof Curtains){
            //处理待定
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void SendMessage() {

    }
}

public class Curtains  extends Colleague{
    public Curtains(Mediator mediator, String name) {
        super(mediator, name);
        mediator.Register(name,this);
    }

    @Override
    public void SendMessage(int stateChange) {
        this.getMediator().getMessage(stateChange,this.name);
    }

    public void upCurtains(){
        System.out.println("I am holding Up Curtains");
    }
}

public class TV extends Colleague {

    public TV(Mediator mediator, String name) {
        super(mediator, name);
        mediator.Register(name, this);
    }

    @Override
    public void SendMessage(int stateChange) {
        this.getMediator().getMessage(stateChange, this.name);
    }
    public void startTv(){
        System.out.println("TV start");
    }

    public void stopTv(){
        System.out.println("TV stop");
    }
}

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建一个中介者对象
        Mediator mediator = new ConcreteMediator();
        //创建一个Alarm 将自己加入到ConcreteMediator中
        Alarm alarm = new Alarm(mediator,"Alarm");
        CoffeeMachine coffeeMachine = new CoffeeMachine(mediator , "CoffeeMachine");
        Curtains curtains = new Curtains (mediator, "Curtains");
        TV tV = new TV(mediator, "TV");
        alarm.SendAlarm(0);
        coffeeMachine.FinishCoffee();
        alarm. SendAlarm(1);

    }
}