LINQ：IEnumrable＜T＞的扩展方法Select/SelectMany函数重载demo

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace @try
{
    public class person
    {
        public person() { }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int ID { get; set; }
        public int MajorID { get; set; }
        public person(int id, string name, int majorID,Major[] mlist)
        {
            Name = name; ID = id; MajorID = majorID;majorlist = mlist;
        }
        public Major[] majorlist {get;set; }
    }
    public class Major
    {
        public Major(int majorid, string majorname)
        {
            this.MajorID = majorid;
            this.MajorName = majorname;
        }

        public int MajorID { get; set; }
        public string MajorName { get; set; }
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //LINQ
            //获取数据源
            List<person> people = new List<person> {
                new person(1, "P1",101,new Major[]
                {
                    new Major(105, "major11"),
                    new Major(106, "major12"),
                    new Major(107, "major13"),
                }),
                new person(2, "P2",102,new Major[]
                {
                    new Major(108, "major15"),
                    new Major(109, "major16"),
                }),
                new person(3, "P3",101,
                new Major[]
                {
                    new Major(110, "major17"),
                    new Major(111, "major18"),
                }),
            };

            List<Major> majors = new List<Major>
            {
                new Major(100,"VC"),
                new Major(101,"VC++"),
                new Major(102,"C#")
            };
            //1.select where单表查询
            var name_ID = from p in people
                         where p.ID > 0
                         orderby p.ID
                         ascending
                         select new { p.ID, p.Name };
            foreach (var item in name_ID)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"{item.ID},{item.Name}");
            }
            //Console.ReadKey();
            
            //2.from select where联合查询
            var name_Major = from p in people
                            from m in majors
                            where p.MajorID == m.MajorID
                            orderby p.ID
                            ascending
                            select new { name = p.Name,major_name = m.MajorName };
            foreach (var item in name_Major)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"{item.name},{item.major_name}");
            }
            Console.ReadKey();

            //3.join...on...联合查询
            var Name_Major = from p in people
                             join m in majors on p.MajorID equals m.MajorID
                             where m.MajorID > 0
                             where p.ID > 1
                             select new { p.ID, p.Name, m.MajorName };
            foreach (var item in Name_Major)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"{item.ID},{item.Name},{item.MajorName}");
            }

            //Console.ReadKey();

            //join扩展方法
            var lst_person_major = people.Join(majors, p => p.MajorID, m => m.MajorID, (p, m) => new { p.ID, p.Name, p.MajorID, m.MajorName });
            
            //4.select扩展方法的函数重载
            //4.1 public static IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TResult> selector);
            var namelist = people.Select(p => new { p.ID, p.Name });

            //4.2 public static IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int, TResult> selector);
            //TSource是源集合的元素
            //index是源集合元素对应的下标
            var index_name = people.Select((p, indexer) => new { indexer, p.Name });

            //5.扩展方法SelectMany查询
            //SelectMany函数重载
            //SelectMany的作用就是：将people集合对象的每个元素（每个Person实例对象，如名为“P1”，“P2”，“P3”）
            //映射到每个Person类对应的majorlist集合的每个元素（如名为“P1”对应majorlist的元素major11，major22，major33），
            //并将每个Person对象对应的所有majorlist集合的每个元素重新组合成一个集合.

            //5.1 public static IEnumerable<TResult> SelectMany<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, IEnumerable<TResult>> selector);
            var majorarray_put_LINQ = people.SelectMany(p => p.majorlist);
            foreach (var item in majorarray_put_LINQ)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"{item.MajorID},{item.MajorName}");
            }
            //5.2 public static IEnumerable<TResult> SelectMany<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int, IEnumerable<TResult>> selector);
            var majorarray_put_LINQ_index = people.SelectMany((p, indexer) =>
                    p.majorlist.Select(m =>
                    {
                        m.MajorName = indexer + "," + m.MajorName;
                        return new { m.MajorID, m.MajorName };
                    })
                );

            //5.3 public static IEnumerable<TResult> SelectMany<TSource, TCollection, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int, IEnumerable<TCollection>> collectionSelector, Func<TSource, TCollection, TResult> resultSelector);
            var majorarray_put_LINQ_index_all = people.SelectMany(
                (p, index) => p.majorlist.Select(m => {
                    m.MajorName = index + "," + m.MajorName;
                    return new { m.MajorID, m.MajorName };
                }),
                (p,m)=>new { p.Name,m.MajorID,m.MajorName});

            Console.WriteLine("\r\n\r\n");

            //5.4 public static IEnumerable<TResult> SelectMany<TSource, TCollection, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, IEnumerable<TCollection>> collectionSelector, Func<TSource, TCollection, TResult> resultSelector);
            var majorarray_put_LINQ_All = people.SelectMany(p => p.majorlist, (p, m) => new { p.ID, p.Name, m.MajorID, m.MajorName });
            
            //以上语句等效如下
            var majorarray_put_from_all = from p in people
                                      from mj in p.majorlist
                                      select new {p.ID, p.Name, mj.MajorID, mj.MajorName };

            foreach (var item in majorarray_put_LINQ_All)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"{item.ID},{item.Name},{item.MajorID},{item.MajorName}");
            }
            Console.ReadKey();

    }
}