OpenGL学习笔记（一）：Linux下环境搭建

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GLFW

首先下载并解压GLFW源码：https://www.glfw.org/
然后进入解压完成的目录下

sudo apt-get install cmake xorg-dev libglu1-mesa-dev
cmake ./
make
sudo make install

GLAD

下载地址：GLAD

然后直接

cd include
sudo mv * /usr/local/include

下载GLM数学库

下载地址：glm
复制其中的glm文件夹即可

cd glm-master
sudo cp -r glm/ /usr/local/include

下载Assimp图形库

git clone https://github.com/assimp/assimp.git

安装依赖：sudo apt-get install libgtest-dev
安装方式同glfw：

cmake ./
make
sudo make install

测试：

运行下列代码，看看是否出现一个三角形，这里用cmake编译（gload.c要放一起编译）：

#include<glad/glad.h>
#include<GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

//顶点着色器
const char* vertextShaderSource = 
"#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;\n"
"void main(){\n"
"    gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x,aPos.y,aPos.z,1.0);\n}";

//片段着色器
const char* fragmentShaderSource = 
"#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 FragColor;\n"
"void main(){\n"
"    FragColor = vec4(1.0f,0.3f,0.6f,1.0f);"
"}\n";

//顶点数组
float vertices[]={
    -0.5f,-0.5f,0.0f,
    0.5f,-0.5f,0.0f,
    0.0f,0.5f,0.0f
};

//用于编译shader
int CompileShader(const char* source,int type)
{
    int shader=glCreateShader(type);
    glShaderSource(shader,1,&source,nullptr);
    glCompileShader(shader);

    int ret=0;
    char log[512]={0};
    glGetShaderiv(shader,GL_COMPILE_STATUS,&ret);
    if(!ret){
        glGetShaderInfoLog(shader,512,nullptr,log);
        cout<<log<<endl;
        getchar();
        return 0;
    }
    return shader;
};

int main()
{
    glfwInit();
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);//设置主版本号
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);//设置次版本号
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);//使用核心模式

    GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(600,600,"test",nullptr, nullptr);
    if(!window)
    {
        cout<<"创建窗口失败！"<<endl;
        glfwTerminate();
        return -1;
    }
    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);

    if(!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress)){
        cout<<"初始化GLAD失败！"<<endl;
        return -1;
    }
    glViewport(0,0,600,600);

    int vertextShader=CompileShader(vertextShaderSource,GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
    if(!vertextShader) return -1;

    int fragmentShader=CompileShader(fragmentShaderSource,GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    if(!fragmentShader) return -1;

	//链接着色器程序
    int shaderProgram=glCreateProgram();
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram,vertextShader);
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram,fragmentShader);
    glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);

    glDeleteShader(vertextShader);
    glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);

    GLuint VAO=0;
    glGenVertexArrays(1,&VAO);
    glBindVertexArray(VAO);

    GLuint VBO=0;
    glGenBuffers(1,&VBO);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,VBO);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,sizeof(vertices),vertices,GL_STATIC_DRAW);

    glVertexAttribPointer(0,3,GL_FLOAT,GL_FALSE,3*sizeof(float),nullptr);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);

    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,0);
    glBindVertexArray(0);

    while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
    {
        if(glfwGetKey(window,GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
            glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window,true);

        glClearColor(0.2f,0.3f,0.4f,0.8f);
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

        glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
        glBindVertexArray(VAO);
        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES,0,3);

        glfwSwapBuffers(window);
        glfwPollEvents();
    }

    glDeleteVertexArrays(1,&VAO);
    glDeleteBuffers(1,&VBO);

    glfwTerminate();
    return 0;
}

CMakeLists.txt（中间三个设置用于生成调试信息）：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(test)
add_executable(test test.cpp glad.c)

SET(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug")  
SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "$ENV{CXXFLAGS} -O0 -Wall -g2 -ggdb")  
SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "$ENV{CXXFLAGS} -O3 -Wall")

target_link_libraries(test glfw3 GL m Xrandr Xi X11 Xxf86vm pthread dl Xinerama Xcursor)

运行结果