C++学习 第十一章

1.重载运算符

//重载运算符的函数格式
operatorop(arguement-list)
operator+() 	//重载+运算符
operator-() 	//重载-运算符
operator[]()	//重载[]运算符
operator@()     //这种情况是不允许的，只能重载C++中拥有的运算符，而不能直接创造运算符

一个重载运算符的例子

• 普通实现方式

//文件一：myTime0.h
#ifndef MYTIME0_H_
#define MYTIME0_H_
class Time
{
   
private:
	int hours;
	int minute;
public:
	Time();
	Time(int h,int m = 0);
	void Addmin(int m);
	void AddHr(int h);
	void Reset(int h = 0, int m = 0);
	Time Sum(const Time & t) const;
	void show() const;
};
#endif

//文件二: mytime0.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include"mytime0.h"

Time::Time()
{
   
	hours = minutes = 0;
}
Time::Time(int h, int m)
{
   
	hours = h;
	minutes = m;
}
void Time::Addmin(int m)
{
   
	minutes += m;
	hours += minutes / 60;
	minutes %= 60;
}
void Time::AddHr(int h)
{
   
	hours += h;
}
void Time::Reset(int h, int m)
{
   
	hours = h;
	minutes = m;
}
Time Time::Sum(const Time & t) const
{
   
	Time sum;
	sum.minutes = minutes + t.minutes;
	sum.hours = hours + t.hours + sum.minutes/60;
	sum.minutes %= 60;
	return sum;
}
void Time::Show() const
{
   
	std::cout << hours << ":" << minutes << std::endl;
}

//测试文件 useTime0.cpp
#include<iostream>.
#include"mytime0.h"

int main()
{
   
	using std::cout;
	using std::endl;
	Time planning;
	Time coding(2,40);
	Time fixing(5,55);
	Time total;

	cout << "planning time = ";
	planning.show();
	cout << endl;

	cout << "coding time = ";
	coding.show();
	cout << endl;

	cout<< "fixing time = ";
	fixing.show();
	cout << endl;

	total = coding.Sum(fixing);
	cout << "coding.Sum(fixing) = ";
	total.show();
	cout << endl;
	
	return 0;
}

• 使用重载运算符实现

//文件一：myTime1.h
#ifndef MYTIME1_H_
#define MYTIME1_H_
class Time
{
   
private:
	int hours;
	int minute;
public:
	Time();
	Time(int h,int m = 0);
	void Addmin(int m);
	void AddHr(int h);
	void Reset(int h = 0, int m = 0);
	Time operator+(const Time & t) const;
	void show() const;
};
#endif

//文件二: mytime1.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include"mytime0.h"

Time::Time()
{
   
	hours = minutes = 0;
}
Time::Time(int h, int m)
{
   
	hours = h;
	minutes = m;
}
void Time::Addmin(int m)
{
   
	minutes += m;
	hours += minutes / 60;
	minutes %= 60;
}
void Time::AddHr(int h)
{
   
	hours += h;
}
void Time::Reset(int h, int m)
{
   
	hours = h;
	minutes = m;
}
Time Time::operator+(const Time & t) const
{
   
	Time sum;
	sum.minutes = minutes