【String类】常见操作，StringBuffer，StrignBuilder

常见操作

• 创建：

String s = "abcdefg";
String s = new String("abcdefg");
String s = new String(buf,0,buf.length()); 

• 内容查找

String s = "fasdfagas";
s.charAt（index）；
s.startsWith("xx");
s.endsWith("xx");
s.contains("xx");
s.indexOf(key);
s.indexOf(key,startAt);

• 切割

String s = "abc def ghe asd";
String[] s_split = s.split(" ");
s_sub = s.subString(start,end);

• 数组和字符串的互换

char[] array = s.toCharArray();
s = new String(array);

• 替换

s.replace("xx","xx");
s.replaceAll("xx","xx");

StringBuffer与StringBuilder

字符串基于final修饰的字符数组，不可对字符串进行增删改操作，上面两个哥们解决了这个问题，二者区别是StringBuffer加了锁，线程安全，StringBuilder在jdk1.5才出现,不同步，线程不安全。

整几个小demo

• myTrim():消除子符串两头空格

public class demo1 {
	public static String myTrim(String s) {
		//首部
		int start = 0; 
		//尾部
		int end = s.length()-1;
		//遇到空格，头指针后移
		while(start<=end&&s.charAt(start)==' ') {
			start++;
		}
		//遇到空格，尾指针前移
		while(start<=end&&s.charAt(end)==' ') {
			end--;
		}
		//根据首尾指针切割字符串
		return s.substring(start, end+1);
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {	
		String s = "   asdfa fasdf ";
		System.out.println('<'+myTrim(s)+'>');
	}
}

• 字符串反转

/*将字符串反转，指定开始结束位置将字符串反转*/
public class demo2 {
	public static String reverseString(String s) {
		//字符串变字符数组
		char[] chs = s.toCharArray();
		//反转字符数组
		reverse(chs,0,s.length());
		//数组转字符串
		return new String(chs);
	}
	//反转从下标start开始，到end结束（不包含end）的指定范围内的字符
	public static String reverseString(String s ,int start ,int end) {
		//字符串变字符数组
		char[] c = s.toCharArray();
		//反转
		reverse(c,start,end);
		//数组转字符串
		return new String(c);
	}
	public static void reverse(char[] c,int start ,int end) {
		for(int s=start,e=end-1;s<e;s++,e--) {
			swap(c,s,e);
		}
	}
	public static void swap(char[] c ,int head,int tail) {
		char temp = c[head];
		c[head] = c[tail];
		c[tail] = temp;
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String s = "ab  cd";
		System.out.println(reverseString(s));
		System.out.println(reverseString(s,0,2));
	}
}

• 统计字符次数

/*获取字符串中指定字符串出现的次数*/
public class demo3 {
	public static int countString(String s,String key) {
		//计数器
		int count = 0;
		//位置
		int index = 0;
		//从index处开始查key的索引，查到了将index移动key的长度位，下次从新的index往后查
		while((index =s.indexOf(key, index))!=-1) {
			count++;
			index+=key.length();
		}
		return count;
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println(countString("  absdkksfaskkfwekk  ","kk"));
	}

• 公共子串

/*找两个字符串的最长公共子串*/
public class demo4 {
	public static String maxSubString(String s1,String s2) {
		//默认s2是较短的串
		/*
		将短串从整个串递减到只有单个字符，依次用contains在长串里找，找到了就返回，
		长度为length(),一个串
		长度为length()-1,有两个串，0-length()-2,1-length()-1
		长度为length()-2,有三个串，0-length()-3,1-length()-2,2-length()-1
		...
		*/
		for(int x = 0;x<s1.length();x++) {
			for(int y=0,z=s2.length()-x;z<=s2.length();y++,z++) {
				String temp = s2.substring(y, z);
				if(s1.contains(temp))
					return temp;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println(maxSubString("asdfaashellofaberegw", "ongweghello123"));
	}
}