C++生成存储指针的栈的正确使用方法

12.3 C++生成存储指针的栈的正确使用方法

12.3.1 简介

12.3.1.1 一组指针指向一组字符串

可以将指针作为模板参数传递吗？可以，但是要注意使用方式。

—正确的使用方式是 一组指针指向一组字符串

12.3.1.2 注意事项

• 1.数组指针不能直接接收键盘或文件的输入
• 2.不能对于C类字符串直接使用=实现复制
• 3.小心一直将一个地址赋给不同的指针，然后读取每个指针时读取到的都是同一地址的值。

12.3.2 代码

stacktp.h

main.h

#pragma once
#ifndef MAIN_H_
#define MAIN_H_
#include <iostream> //输入输出 
#include "stacktp.h" //simple_template、pointer_template
#include <cstdlib> //pointer_template
#include <ctime> //pointer_template
using namespace std;

void pointer_template(void)
{
	//类模板生成的关于指针的栈的正确使用方法---每个指针指向已经存在的字符串
	//Someone has delivered a cart of folders to Plodson.
	//If Plodson’s in - basket is empty, he removes the top folder from the cartand places it in his in - basket.
	//If his in - basket is full, Plodson removes the top file from the basket, processes it, and places it in his out - basket.
	//If the in-basket is neither empty nor full, Plodson may process the top file in the in - basket, or he may take the next
	//file from the cart and put it into his in - basket.
	const int Num = 10;
	cout << "\npointer_template Hello*****************************************************\n";
	std::srand(std::time(0)); // randomize rand()
	std::cout << "Please enter stack size: ";
	int stacksize;
	std::cin >> stacksize;
	// create an empty stack with stacksize slots
	Stack<const char*> st(stacksize);
	// in basket
	const char* in[Num] = {//字符串常量存储在特殊区域，和变量存储区域不一样
	" 1: Hank Gilgamesh", " 2: Kiki Ishtar",
	" 3: Betty Rocker", " 4: Ian Flagranti",
	" 5: Wolfgang Kibble", " 6: Portia Koop",
	" 7: Joy Almondo", " 8: Xaverie Paprika",
	" 9: Juan Moore", "10: Misha Mache"
	};
	// out basket
	const char* out[Num];
	int processed = 0;
	int nextin = 0;
	while (processed < Num)
	{
		if (st.isempty())
			st.push(in[nextin++]);
		else if (st.isfull())
			st.pop(out[processed++]);
		else if (std::rand() % 2 && nextin < Num) //如果随机数是偶数，就入栈
			st.push(in[nextin++]);
		else
			st.pop(out[processed++]);//如果随机数是奇数，就出栈
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < Num; i++)//处理完成之后输出所有信件处理的数据
		std::cout << out[i] << std::endl;
	std::cout << "pointer_template Bye*****************************************************\n";
}
#endif

main.cpp

/*
Project name :			_12template
Last modified Date:		2022年5月6日11点33分
Last Version:			V1.0
Descriptions:			类模板生成的关于指针的栈的正确使用方法
*/
#include "main.h"

int main()
{
	cout << "类模板生成的关于指针的栈的正确使用方法***************************************" << endl;
	pointer_template();

	return 0;
}

12.3.3 运行结果

类模板生成的关于指针的栈的正确使用方法***************************************
pointer_template Hello*****************************************************
Please enter stack size: 4
 2: Kiki Ishtar
 1: Hank Gilgamesh
 3: Betty Rocker
 6: Portia Koop
 7: Joy Almondo
 5: Wolfgang Kibble
 4: Ian Flagranti
 8: Xaverie Paprika
10: Misha Mache
 9: Juan Moore
pointer_template Bye*****************************************************

D:\Prj\_C++Self\_12template\Debug\_12template.exe (进程 15140)已退出，代码为 0。
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