关于Adapter数据适配器

适配器
什么是适配器：Android适配器是数据和视图之间的桥梁，以便于数据在View上显示。适配器就像显示器，把复杂的东西按人可以接受的方式来展现。

Adapter数据适配器将各种数据以合适的形式绑定到控件上 像listview, gridview, spinner 等等等控件 都会用到Adapter绑定数据

三种Adapter

ArrayAdapter：支持泛型操作，最简单的一个Adapter，只能展现一行文字

SimpleAdapter：同样具有良好扩展性的一个Adapter，可以自定义多种效果

BaseAdapter：抽象类，实际开发中我们会继承这个类并且重写相关方法，用得最多的一个Adapter

1.ArrayAdapter（只能显示单一的TextView）

布局文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/list_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    </ListView>
</LinearLayout>

java文件

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private String[] data = {"aa","bb","cc","dd","ee","ff","gg"};

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(
                MainActivity.this,android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,data);
        ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
}

    }
}

运行效果

2.SimpleAdapter （可以显示多个控件）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/list_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    </ListView>
</LinearLayout>

样式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal">
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv_pic"
        android:layout_width="80dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"/>
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/ll_item"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="80dp">
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="ABC"
            android:textSize="24sp"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_2"
            android:text="qwertyuiop"
            android:textSize="24dp"
            android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

java文件

public class MainActivity extends Activity{

    private List<Map<String,Object>> list;
    private SimpleAdapter adapter;
    private ListView listView;

    private String[] ABC = {"ABC","DEF","GHI"};
    private String[] qwe ={"qwertyuiop","asdfghjkl","zxcvbnm"};
    private int[] imageView = {R.mipmap.ic_launcher,R.drawable.user_icon,R.drawable.pwd_icon};
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
        
        list = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i = 0;i < ABC.length;i++){
            Map<String,Object> map =new HashMap<>();
            map.put("img",imageView[i]);
            map.put("ABC",ABC[i]);
            map.put("qwe",qwe[i]);
            list.add(map);
        }
        adapter = new SimpleAdapter(MainActivity.this,list,R.layout.item
                ,new String[]{"img","ABC","qwe"}
                ,new int[]{R.id.iv_pic,R.id.tv_1,R.id.tv_2});
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
}

运行效果

3.BaseAdapter（自定义适配器）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/list_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    </ListView>
</LinearLayout>

样式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal">
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv_pic"
        android:layout_width="80dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:layout_margin="10dp"/>
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/ll_item"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="80dp">
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="ABC"
            android:textSize="24sp"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_2"
            android:text="qwertyuiop"
            android:textSize="24dp"
            android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

Sample类

public class Sample {

    private String ABC;
    private String qwe;
    private int imageId;

    public Sample(String ABC, String qwe,int imageId){
        this.ABC = ABC;
        this.qwe = qwe;
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }

    public String getABC(){
        return ABC;
    }

    public String getQwe(){
        return qwe;
    }

    public int getImageId(){
        return imageId;
    }
}

SampleAdapter

public class SampleAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Sample> {

    private int resourceId;

    public SampleAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, List<Sample> object){
        super(context,textViewResourceId,object);
        resourceId = textViewResourceId;
    }
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent){
        Sample sample = getItem(position);
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId,parent,false);
        ImageView img = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.iv_pic);
        TextView tv1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_1);
        TextView tv2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_2);
        img.setImageResource(sample.getImageId());
        tv1.setText(sample.getABC());
        tv2.setText(sample.getQwe());
        return view;
    }
}

MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private List<Sample> sampleList = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        start();
        SampleAdapter adapter = new SampleAdapter(MainActivity.this,R.layout.item,sampleList);
        ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

    private void start(){
        Sample a = new Sample("ABC","qwe",R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
        sampleList.add(a);
        Sample b = new Sample("DEF","asdfghjkl",R.drawable.user_icon);
        sampleList.add(b);
        Sample c = new Sample("GHI","zxcvbnm", R.drawable.pwd_icon);
        sampleList.add(c);
    }
}

运行效果