Python集合必会的基础操作

集合是一个无序的,不重复的数据类型

增加和修改操作

# 增加和修改操作
my_set = {1,2,3,5,6,7,8}

# 1、add()方法只能增加一个元素
my_set.add(9)
print(my_set)
# {1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}

# 2、update()方法的参数需要是个可迭代类型的,可以是字符串，列表，元组，字典(增加的是key)，集合
my_set.update({666,999})
print(my_set)
# {1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 999, 666}

删除操作

# 删除操作
my_set = {1,2,3,5,6,7,8}

#1、remove()删除指定元素
my_set.remove(3)
print(my_set)
# {1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8}

# 2、pop()方法删除第一个元素
my_set.pop()
print(my_set)
# {2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8}

# 3、clear()清空集合
my_set.clear()
print(my_set)
# set()

# 4、del 将集合在内存中删除
del my_set

# 5、discard()方法删除的元素不存在不会报错
my_set.discard(2)
print(my_set)
# {1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8}

运算操作（集合的交、并、差等操作）

# 运算操作
my_set1 = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}
my_set2 = {5,6,7,8,9,10}
my_set3 = {1,2,3,4}
my_set4 = {666,777}
# 交集
print(my_set1.intersection(my_set2))
# {8, 5, 6, 7}
print(my_set1 & my_set2)
# {8, 5, 6, 7}
# 并集
print(my_set1.union(my_set2))
# {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
print(my_set1 | my_set2)
# {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
# 差集
print(my_set1.difference(my_set2))
# {1, 2, 3, 4}
print(my_set1 - my_set2)
# {1, 2, 3, 4}
print(my_set2.difference(my_set1))
# {9, 10}
print(my_set2 - my_set1)
# {9, 10}

# 子集 判断前者是否是后者的子集
print(my_set1.issubset(my_set2))
# False
print(my_set3.issubset(my_set1))
# True


# 父集  判断前者是否是后者的父集
print(my_set1.issuperset(my_set2))
# False
print(my_set1.issuperset(my_set3))
# True

# 对称差集  用两个集合的并集去掉两个集合的交集
print(my_set1.symmetric_difference(my_set2))
# {1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10}
print(my_set1 ^ my_set2)
# {1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10}

# isdisjoint方法判断两个集合是否包含相同的元素，返回布尔值，如果不包含返回 True，否则返回 False。
my_set1.isdisjoint(my_set2)
# False
my_set1.isdisjoint(my_set4)
# True