零基础英语语法

主格宾格

英语5种句式

be动词

Be除了原形的be之外,还有另外七种形式

• am（第一人称单数现在时态
• is（三单形式）
• are,（第二人称单数和复数现在时态）
• been（过去分词）
• being,（现在分词）
• was（第一人称与第三人称单数过去式）
• were（第二人称单数和复数过去式）.

语句的时态

• 一般过去时,就用was/were
• 一般现在时,就用am/is/are
• 一般将来时,就用will be
• 现在完成时,就用have/has been
• 过去完成时,就用had been

一般过去时：
第一人称单数和第三人称的单数形式，则用was
第一人称复数和第二人称复数、第三人称的复数，则用were
第二人称单数也用were

一般现在时：
第一人称单数形式，用am
第三人称单数形式，用is
第一人称复数、第二人称复数、第三人称的复数形式，则用are
第二人称单数也用are

口诀：
一般时态有关be动词的口诀：
我用am，你用are，is连着他她它，单数is，复数are.

be动词否定形式

• 现在时 am,are,is,
• 否定：am not,are not,is not,
• 否定缩略式 am not(I’m not),aren’t,isn’t
• 过去时 was,were
• 过去时否定缩略式 wasn’t,weren’t

be提问，回答(将be动词和主语调换位置)
Is he a teacher?
Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

Are you a teacher?
Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

Were they teachers?
Yes, They Were. / No, They weren’t.

代词

代词代替人和事物的名词叫代词，分为主格、宾格代词

主格代词: I, he, she, it, you, we, they
宾格代词: me, him, her, it, you, us, them

宾格动作执行的对象,放在动词后面

形容词性物主代词

单数: my, your, his/her/its/one’s
复数: our, your, their

举例

1. This is my book.
2. We love our motherland(祖国)

翻译

1. 我的老师是中国人
   My teacher is Chinese

名称性物主代词

当名词使用，后面不能接名词

单数: mine, yours, his/hers/its,one’s
单数: ours, yours, theirs

举例

1. The book is ours.
2. The apple is hers.

翻译

1. 这个电脑是他们的。
   This computer is theirs.

反身代词

1. 单数 myself、yourself、herself、himself、itself
2. 复数 yourselves、ourselves、themselves

实义动词

句子是运动的状态： 我 发出一个动作， 动作的接受者是 一名学生

• 我 看见了 一名学生。
• 我 喜欢 一名学生。
• 我 拉着 一名学生。
• 我 打 一名学生。

常用的实义动词
come、read、go、watch、play、fly

举例

1. He comes from Shenyang.
   comes: 单三形式，第三人称单数形式，动词后面+s

实意动词的否定-提问-回答

使用助动词否定
在助动词do,does,did加上not 变成：

• do not / don’t
• does not / doesn’t
• did not / didn’t

语法

• 一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数用does，其余人称用do(包括复数)
• 过去式：did

疑问词提问回答

• when 什么时候
• where 哪
• who 谁
• what 什么
• how 怎么

提问要么用be动词，要么用do助动词连接
如果提问词是主语，语序不变

疑问词提问回答2

• how long
• how far
• how often
• why

名词

元音字母是a、e、i、o、u，辅音字母是b、c、d、f、g、h、j、k、l、m、n、p、q、r、s、t、v、w、x、y、z。

一、元音字母读音：a[ei]、e[i:]、i[ ai]、o[eu]、u[ju:]。

二、辅音字母读音：b/bi:/、c/si:/、d/di:/、f/ef/、g/dʒi:/、h/eɪt∫/、j/dʒeɪ/、k/keɪ/、l/el/、m/em/、n/en/、p/pi:/、q/kju:/、r/a:/、s/es/、t/ti:/、v/vi:/、w/′d∧blju:/、x/eks/、y/waɪ/、z/zed/ /zi:/。

名词变复数形式

• 直接加s；以s、x、ch、sh结尾的加es；
• 以辅音字母+ y结尾的，改y为i再加es；
• 以f或者fe结尾的词，改f为v，再加es；
• 以O结尾的单词，有生命的加es，无生命加s；
• 也有部分不规则变化，如child-children、foot-feet等。

1、直接加-s.如：
tree-trees树, desk-desks桌 card-cards卡片，parent-parents,

2、以s,x, ch, sh 结尾的加es.如：
bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches 手表, brush-brushes 刷子, glass-glasses.

3、以辅音字母+ y结尾的，改y为i再加es.如：country-countries 国家、乡村, city-cities 城市, baby-babies, family-families,
特例：boy-boys, monkey-monkeys, toy-toys, play-plays(剧本)

4、以f或者fe 结尾的词，改f为v,再加es.如：
knife-knives刀, leaf-leaves 树叶, wife 妻子-wives.

5、以O结尾的单词,有生命的±es,无生命+s.如：Hero-heroes 英雄, Negro-negroes 黑人, potato-potatoes 土豆, tomato-tomatoes 西红柿，mango-mangoes.

不可数名词前面不用a/an，不可数名词可以配合量词使用

名称单数

a与an的用法区别：

一、用法的区别

a 用于读音以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前。

例如：a pen 一支笔，a book 一本书。

an用语读音以元音音素开头的字母或单词前。

例如：an apple 一只苹果， an orange 一颗橙子， an egg 一颗鸡蛋， an English book 一本英语书。

二、特殊用法

1、有些单词的首字母虽然是以元音字母开头，但是，当它的读音是以辅音音素开头的时候，它前面的冠词就不能和一般元音字母开头的单词一样用an，而是应该用冠词a。

例如： a useful book 一本有用的书

2、单词“useful”虽然以元音字母u开头，但是它的读音却是以辅音因素开头的[ˈjusfəl]，所以它的前面不可以用冠词an，而是要用冠词a。

3、有的单词首字母虽然是辅音字母开头，但是当它的读音以元音音素开头的时候，它前面的冠词不能用a，而是应该用an。

例如： an hour 一个小时。

4、单词“hour”虽然以辅音字母h开头，但它的读音却是以元音音素开头的[aʊr]， 所以他的前面不可以用冠词a，而是应该使用冠词an。

指示代词,不定代词

指示代词：标识人和事物的代词
this(these),than(those)

不定代词：指不确定的人和事物
常用不定代词：one,the,other,some,any,something,nothing

形容词

形容词一般形容人和物的状态，性质，大小等，通常用在名词前面，be动词后面
the+名词=复数名词

副词

副词可以修饰动词，形容词，其他副词及其他结构

不定量表达法

• some(一些)、any(一些)、most(大多数)、every(每一个)、all(所有)

• many 修饰可数名词，表示许多

• much 修饰不可数名词，表示许多

• a lot of[lots of]、plenty of 均可修饰可数和不可数名词

短语

• many books much water

• a lot of/lots of books/water

both 两者都

either 两者之一

neither 两者都不

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a few 几个

few 没几个

以上两词均和可数名词连用

• A few books are put into the box.

• Few books are put into the box.

a little 一点儿

little 没多点

以上两词均和不可数名词连用

• There is a little water in the bottle.

• There is little water in the bottle.

---

none 和 no one 的意思相同， 主要作代词, 翻译为 ‘一个也不、一点也不’

• none 可以接of短语,动词可以用单数也可以用复数
• no one 不能接of短语,动词只能用单数

示例

• No one knows the answer.

• None of us have(has) arrived.

There Here be 句形

There/Here + (Be)根据上下文，有多种翻译方法。可以翻译成"有"，“是”。be动词根据后面的名词有单复数变化。

示例:

• There is a book on the bookshelf

• There are some books on the book

• Here is the bus stop.

• Here are your books.

练习

• _______(有) a lot of water in the bottle.
• _______(这是) your car.
• _______(有) many students in the room.

一般现在时和现在进行时

一般现在时，表示通常性，规律性、习惯性的状态或动作。主语是单数第三人称时，动词有单三的变化，主语是非第三人称单数时，动词为原型。

示例:

• They often get up at 7:00
• He often gets up at 7:00

一般现在时，动词的单三变化

• 在动词尾直接加s，
  如: play -------- plays

• 以字母s、x、ch、o结尾的动词加es，如: guess ----- guesses

• 以辅音字母(a,e,i,o,u) + y结尾的动词，先变y为i，加-es，如: study ---- studies

• 一般现在时否定和疑问句用do,does帮助构成。

单数

• (否定句)1.He doesn’t like the cat.
• (疑问句)2.Does he like the cat?
  Yes. he does / No,he doesn’t

复数

• (否定句)1.They do like the cat.
• (疑问句)2.Do They like the cat?
  Yes. they do / No,they don’t

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现在进行时表示现在进行或发生的动作。句中通常有now等时间副词呼应。基本构成形式为be+doing

示例:

1. They are watching TV.
2. He is watching TV.
3. I am watching TV.

动词现在分词的变化规则

1. 一般情况下, 直接在动词后面 -ing
   如:work - working
2. 动词以不发音的-e结尾，要去e加ing
   如: take - taking
3. 重读封音节的动词，要双写词尾字母再加-ing
   如: cut - cutting
4. 以 - ie结尾的动词，变y再加-ing
   如: lie - lying

现在进行时变否定句和疑问句时，将be动词否定或提前

1. They aren’t watching TV.
   Are they watching TV?
2. He isn’t watching TV.
   Is he watching TV?
3. Am I watching TV?
   Yes, you are. No.you aren’t

练习

1. He ______ (work) very late very day.
2. ___ you study English yourself?
   Yes, I do.
3. They _____ (play) soccer(足球) now.

一般过去时和过去进行时

一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的行为。

基本结构: 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他，一般动词在动词后面加ed，还有一些不规则动词不规则变化。

示例:

• play — played
• He worked very hard last night.
• They came here by car.

动词一般过去时的变化规则

• 一般在动词后加-ed。如:play — played
• 在以字母e结尾的动词后，之加-d。
  如 like — liked
• 在以"辅音字母+y"结尾的动词后改y为i
• 再加 — ed。如: supply — supplied
• 在以重度闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如: plan — planned

---

过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。
其形式为was / were + doing。

示例:

• They were waiting for you
• He was talking with his friends just now.

练习:

• They _____(go) swimming yesterday.
• Sam was watching (watch) TV at 7:00 last night.

补充:

用watch TV造一般现在时、一般过去式、现在完成时、现在进行时、过去进行时。

• 一般现在时 watch TV
• 一般过去式 watched TV
• 现在完成时 have watched tv
• 现在进行时 be watching tv
• 过去进行时 was/were watching tv
• 一般将来时 will watch tv

将来时

一般将来表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连接

如:

• tomorrow(明天)
• next week(下周)
• in the future(将来)

将来时需要在动词的前面加上一些词构成将来时

一、“助动词will或shall+动词原型”，表示将来发生的事情。

• The will go to Shanghai by ship tomorrow.
• We shall leave for Shanghai next month.

二、"be going to + 动词原形"用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某市，意为“打算；就要”

• They are going to play football this afternoon.
• She is going to learn French next year.

三、"be going" 表示位置转移的动词.

如: go、come、leave、start、arrive可用现在进行时表示将来

• They are leaving for Japan.
• She is arriving tomorrow.

练习:

• They are coming here soon.
• Sam is going to learn Chinese next month.
• Peter and Mike will finish the job tomorrow morning.

完成时

现在完成时(have + p.p.),动作过去发生，已经完成，对现在造成影响或后果，动作可能还会持续，可以使用时间状语为: already (已经) 和 yet (还)

示例:

• They have already arrived
• She has played soccer for 3 hours.
• She hasn't finished the homework yet.

过去完成时(had + p.p.),表示句中的动作发生在过去之前，即过去的过去，已经完成，对过去造成了一定的影响或后果。

示例:

• They had arrived in Shanghai.
• She had played soccer for 3 hours.
• They hadn't finished the work yet.

练习:

1. He has stopped (stop) the car outside.
2. She has been (not be) to Sichuan yet.
3. Had They planed (plan) to stay here?

动词

动词根据功能分为四类：

• 实意动词(Notional Verb)
• 系动词(Link Verb)
• 助动词(Auxiliary Verb); 帮助构成句子成分的，疑问句、否定句、完成时、进行时都需要助动词帮助构成
• 情态动词(model Verb)

动词说明

• 动词有数量和时态的变化，时态通常有三大时态; 现在，过去和将来
• 根据动作进行的装提可分为：一般时、进行时和完成时。
• 使用动词时通常将(1)和(2)结合。例如，一般现在时，过去进行时…

示例:

• He does to school every day.
• He went to hospital last night.

动词形态变化总结

动词原型	单三	现在分词	过去式	过去分词
play	plays	playing	played	played
have	has	having	had	had
go	goes	going	went	gone
see	sees	seeing	saw	seen

情态动词

一、can / could 表示能力，用be able to代替 can/could 现在 / 过去的能力，客观可能性(can 的可能性大),表示请求和允许

示例:

• He can/could/is able to swim.
• He can/could come tomorrow.
• Can/could I stay here?

二、may/might 表示可能性,may的可能性大，请求、允许、might更委婉。

口语中常用的回答:

• Yes, please.
• No, you can’t/mustn’t(禁止,不准)

示例:

• He may/might come here by bus.
• May/might I join you?
  Yes, please./No, you can’t./No,you mustn’t

练习:

• She could speak French before(以前), 过去用could
  but now she can't 现在用can
• might I come in? 这里可用4个情态动词can、could、may、might, 但是might更加委婉，所有用might

三、must/have to 表示必须、必须（must表示主观多些，而have to则表示客观多些）

have to 有时态和数量的变化
must和have to 二者的否定意义不大相同。

如:

• You mustn’t go。 你不准去
• You don’t have to go. 你必须去

示例:

• You must get up early.
• it’s going to rain, I have to go home now.

四、Should 表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是ought to; should强调主观看法，而ought to强调客观要求。在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought to。

示例:

• You should/ought to do the job right now.
• Should they stay here now?

练习:

• I must go and see my mother in hospital tomorrow.
• You should/ought to work harder than that.

五、need/don’t have

need: 需要; 有两种用法

• 情态动词
  • He need come here early.
  • He needn't come here early. (否定形式)
  • Need he come here early? (一般疑问)
    Yes, he need. / no, he needn't.
• 实义动词，有第三人称单数和时态的变化，后面可以带 to的不定式
  • He needs to come here early. 单三
  • He doesn't need to come here early. 实义动词否定，需要助动词构成否定，助动词已学有do、does 、did
  • Does he need to come here early?
    Yes, he does./No, he doesn't

回答must和have to的提问句时，否定式使用needn't,don't have to等回答方式

• Must I come here early tomorrow?
  No, you needn't / don't have to.

练习:

• You needn't do it again
• He needn't worry(担心) about it.
• Does he need to do homework first? 实义动词

六、had better/would rather

had better表示“最好做某事”
had 虽然是过去式，但不表征过去。
better 后面接动词原形。

示例:

1. He had better eat more.
2. You'd better finish it right now.

would rather 表示"宁愿、宁可、最好、还是…为好"，语感上比"had better"要轻

示例:

• You would rather deal with(处理) it now.
  现在还是处理掉为好

否定形式分别为:

• had better not + 动词原型，
• would rather no + 动词原型

1. He had better not eat more.
   他最好别吃了
2. You would rather not deal with it now.
   你现在最好别处理它

练习:

1. You had better stay here
   你最好待在那里
2. I would ratter not say it.
   我还是不说的好.

七、used to + v / would + v

Used to, would 表示过去习惯性动作, 可翻译为过去常常....
Used to 可指过去的状态或情况，would 则不能。

The novel used to be popular.

Would 表示反复发生的动作。如果某一动作没有反复性，就不能用would，只能用used to。

• He would practise English every week.
• I used to live in Beijing.

Used to 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态现在已经结束，would则表示有可能再发生。

1. People used to believe that the earth was flat.
2. He would go to the park as soon as he was free.

练习:

• The window used to be open.
• They would gather together every week.
• Sam used to play golf, but he doesn’t new.

情态动词的否定和疑问

情态动词的否定，情态动词+not+v原形

示例:

1. He can’t sing an English song.
2. He may not know her. 他可能不知道他(宾格)
3. He mustn’t go there. 他不需要去那里
4. He doesn’t have to go there

使用情态动词进行提问，情态动词 + 主语 + v原形

示例:

1. Can he sing an English song?
   Yes, he can. / No, he can’t.
2. Must he go there?
   Yes,he must./No, he needn’t.
3. Does he have to go there?
   Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t

作业:

1. can I stay here?
   Yes, pleasel.
2. Must she go back new?
   No, she needn’t
3. Does he have to get up at 9:00?
   Yes, he does

情态动词 + have + p.p.

表达过去事实
推测的含义(单助动词should例外)

1. He can/could have arrived.
2. He may/might have arrived.
3. He must have arrived.

should + have + p.p: 本应该…
needn’t have + p.p: 本不需要…

1. He should have arrived.
2. They should have finished the work.
3. You needn't have done so

must have p.p: “准是已经…”
can’t have p.p.: “不可能已经…”

1. He must have arrived.
2. He can't have arrived.

练习:

• He ____ (可能) have arrived.
• He ____(准是)have arrived.
• You ____(本不需要)have done so.
• They ______(本应该) have finished the work.
• He _______ (不可能) have arrived.

被动语态(被动语态的构成和含义)

含义

• 如果主语是动作的承受者，则用动词的被动语态作谓语
• 被动语态的构成: be + 动词的过去分词(p.p) …by sb.

示例

• He is taken to America by his mother.
  他被妈妈带到了美国

被动语态有各种时态.

• The information is needed by us.
• The book was being read by him.
• The computer has been used by her.
• The room will be cleaned.
• The computer could have been used by them.

被动语态(被动态和情态动词结合)

• can/could + b + 动词过去分词
• may/might
• must/have
• should/ought to
• had better/would rather
• used to/would
• need+doing/to be +动词过去分词p.p

示例

• The food could be taken away
• The food might be kaken away
• The food must be taken away
• The food should be taken away
• The food needs taking away
• The food had better be taken away
• Books used to be returned in two days

练习

• The room may (可能) be cleaned.
• The door must be locked.
• The house shoud be furnished.
• The tree had better be watered now.

被动语态 (by+行为者)可省略

动作的行为者不分明，或不重要，或上下文中提到了行为者时，“by + 行为者”可省略。

1. The information is needed.
2. The book is being read.
3. The door was opened.

练习

• The door is opened (一般现在时)
  门被打开了
• The book is being read (现在进行时)
  书正在阅读
• The computer has been used (use) (完成时)
  电脑已经被用了
• The pencil had been used (sharpen) (完成时)
  铅笔已经被削尖了

被动语态疑问句形式

1)被动语态的一般疑问句: 助动词 + 主语 + (其它助动词) + 动词过去分词~?

示例

• Is the information needed by him?
  Yes, it is./No it isn’t.
• Has the computer been used by her?
  Yes, it has./ No, it hasn’t?
• will the room be cleaned?
  Yes, it will./ No, it won’t

2)被动语态的特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + (其他助动词) + 动词过去分词～?

示例

• The information is needed by them.
  what is needed by them?
• The girl is taken to Shanghai.
  Where is the girl taken?
• The book has been read three times.
  How many times has the book been read?

练习

• Is the book being read(read) by her?
  她正在读那本书?
• Has the computer been used(use) by them?
  他们用过那台电脑
• How often is the English class taken(take) ?
  英语课多长时间上一次?

非谓语动词1

to + 动词原型vs.动词原型 + ing

1)动词不定式: 由to + 动词原型构成。可以做主语，宾语，宾补，表语和状语。

主语

• To get there by bike will take us an hour

宾语

• The driver failed to see the car in time.

宾补

• We believe him to be guilty.(有罪的)

定语

• The next train to arrive is from Seoul

表语和状语

• My suggestion is to put off the meeting.
• I come here only to say goodbye to you.

2)"动词原型+ing"可做动名词用，具有动词的特征和变化形式，但在句子中的用法及功能类同名词，在句子可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语。

• Reading is an art.
  阅读是一种艺术
• They went on walking and never stopped talking.
  他们一直走，从来没有停止过交谈
• Your task is quickly cleaning the windows.
  你的任务是快速的擦干净窗户
• This is a reading room.
  这是一个阅读室

练习

• To finish the work (完成这项工作) will take us an hour.
• I come here to say goodbye to you.(和你告别)
• Talking(说话) is an art

非谓语动词2

假主语/真主语/不定式/动名词的否定式

1）. to 不定式或动名词可以在主语的位置上，但一般用it代替它作形式主语，这种情况it叫形式主语

• It's a great honor to be invited
  被邀请很荣幸。
• It is no use crying over spilt milk.
  覆水难收

2）.在宾语的位置上，用it代替它做形式宾语，这种情况it叫形式宾语。

• We think it important to learn English
  我们认为学英语很重要
• I found it pleasant walking in the park
  在公园里走是件乐事

3）.对动名词或不定式进行否定时，在不定式或动名词前加 not 否定就可以了。

• He pretended not to see her
  他假装没有看见他
• He regrets not joining them
  他后悔没有加入他们

练习

• It is no use crying(cry) over spilt milk. 动名词
• We think it important to learn(learn) English.
• He pretended not to see (not see) her.

非谓语动词3

to 不定式表示目的

• in order to + v 表示目的.
• so as to + v 表示目的
• 由 in order to 引导的目的状语，置句首,句尾均可，由 so as to 引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾

示例

• I’ve written it down in order to remember it
• He shouted and waved so as to be noticed.

他们的否定形式分别在to前加not.

• I’ve written it down in order not to forget it
• He shouted and waved so as not to be noticed.

练习

• He gets up early in order to / so as to(目的是) arrive at school on time.
• He wrote it down in order no to / so as not to (目的是不) forget it.

非谓语动词4

常见的不定式和动词句型
包含不定式和动名词的一些固定结构

1）too ~ to … : 太 … 以至于不能 … 。too ~ to 中间可以加形容词也可以加副词

• The room is too small to live.
  这房间太小了，以至于住不下

2） enough +n + to + v/ adj + enough + to + v: 足够 … 可以 …；足够怎么样可以怎么样

• There is enough food to eat.
  有足够的食物可以吃

• The box is big enough to contain six apples
  这个箱子足够大可以装6个苹果

3）On -ing: ~ 一 … 就 …

• On seeing the snake, the girl was very frightened.
  一看到那条蛇，那个女孩就非常害怕。

4）There is no hope of ~ ing: 没希望

• There is no hope of seeing him.

5）feel like -ing: 想要~

• I feel like eating ice cream now
  我现在想吃冰淇淋

6）have a hard time -ing: 做 ~ 艰难

• The have a hard time solving the problem themselves.
  他们自己解决那个问题很困难

练习

• There are enough books to read(read)
• I feel like drinking(drink) coffee now
• The room is too small to live (live)

非谓语动词5

现在分词/过去分词,分词句

1）v + ing 可称为动名词，也可以称为现在分词。

• Writing books is his job.
  writing 动名词，做主语
• He is writing a book.
  writing 现在分词

2）动词的p.p.形式可称之为动词的过去分词，用在完成时和被动语态当中

• He has written the homework
  他已经写完了作业
• The homework is written.

3）分词句是包含现在分词和过去分词的分句。

• The students went out of the classroom, laughing an talking.
• Accompanied by his friend, he wet to the raiway station.

练习

1. He likes drinking(drink) coffee
2. The door was lock(lock)
3. given(give) better attention, the plants could grow better.

原型不定式1

1）使役动词，表示“使/让…”

• have, make, let 做使役动词，构成形式为: have/make/let + 宾语 + v

1. He made me laugh.
2. I let him go
3. Please have him come here.

2）get和help都做使役动词，get的使役动词句为: "get + 宾语 + to + v", help的使役动词句为: "help + 宾语 + (to) + v"

• I can’t get anyone to do the work properly.
• I helped him(to) repair the car.

2） “(1),(2) 所有使役动词 + 宾语 + 过去分词”，表示"让某物/人被别人…"。

• I must get my hair cut.
• He couldn’t make himself heard
• Can you get the work finished in time ?

练习

• He made me laugh(laugh)
• I let him go(go)
• I must get my hair cut(cut)