Python版本升级后出现的一些问题及解决方案

1. 无法打开终端

出现问题

Python版本升级后终端打不开，即使运行也会报各种错误

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'gdbm'
  或者
ImportError: cannot import name '_gi'

解决办法

# 1. 使用键盘 Ctrl+Alt+F1进入命令行模式,并输入账号密码登录终端
# 2. 下载缺少的模块
sudo apt-get install python3.6-gdbm
# 3. 进入路径：/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/gi/
cd /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/gi/
# 4. ls 查看文件 会有两个文件 (python3.5版本)
_gi_cairo.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-g
_gi.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
# 5. 复制两个文件名称修改（python3.6更改为36m）
sudo cp _gi_cairo.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-g _gi_cairo.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-g
sudo cp _gi.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so _gi.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
# 6. 使用Ctrl+Alt+F7回到桌面
# 7. 尝试打开终端（桌面下使用Ctrl+Alt+T快速打开终端）

2. pip无法使用

出现问题

报错pip无法使用

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/bin/pip", line 7, in <module>
from pip import main

解决方案

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
sudo python get-pip.py

3. 打开终端出现报错信息

出现问题

/usr/bin/python3: Error while finding module specification for 'virtualenvwrapper.hook_loader' (ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'virtualenvwrapper')
virtualenvwrapper.sh: There was a problem running the initialization hooks.

If Python could not import the module virtualenvwrapper.hook_loader,
check that virtualenvwrapper has been installed for
VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3 and that PATH is
set properly.
/usr/bin/python3: Error while finding module specification for 'virtualenvwrapper.hook_loader' (ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'virtualenvwrapper')
virtualenvwrapper.sh: There was a problem running the initialization hooks.

If Python could not import the module virtualenvwrapper.hook_loader,
check that virtualenvwrapper has been installed for
VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3 and that PATH is
set properly.

解决方案

sudo pip3 install virtualenvwrapper