RabbitMQ的核心组件和五种常用模式

RabbitMQ的核心组件

在这里插入图片描述

Broker组件

Broker:接受和分发消息的应用,RabbitMQ Server就是Message Broker

virtual host组件

出于多租户和安全因素设计的,把 AMQP 的基本组件划分到一个虚拟的分组中,类似于网络中的 namespace 概念。当多个不同的用户使用同一个 RabbitMQ server 提供的服务时,可以划分出多个vhost,每个用户在自己的 vhost 创建 exchange/queue 等

Connection组件

publisher/consumer 和 broker 之间的 TCP 连接

Channel组件

如果每一次访问 RabbitMQ 都建立一个 Connection,在消息量大的时候建立 TCP Connection的开销将是巨大的,效率也较低。Channel 是在 connection 内部建立的逻辑连接,如果应用程序支持多线程,通常每个thread创建单独的 channel 进行通讯,AMQP method 包含了channel id 帮助客户端和message broker 识别 channel,所以 channel 之间是完全隔离的。Channel 作为轻量级的 Connection 极大减少了操作系统建立 TCP connection 的开销

Exchange组件

message 到达 broker 的第一站,根据分发规则,匹配查询表中的 routing key,分发消息到queue 中去。常用的类型有:direct (point-to-point), topic (publish-subscribe) and fanout (multicast)

Queue组件

消息最终被送到这里等待 consumer 取走

Binding组件

exchange 和 queue 之间的虚拟连接,binding 中可以包含 routing key。Binding 信息被保存到 exchange 中的查询表中,用于 message 的分发依据
1,简单模式

在这里插入图片描述
生产者Producer:

package com.lp.test;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Producter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建连接工厂 --配置连接信息
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        //设置连接的ip地址
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
            //新建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建通道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //创建队列
            /**
             * String queue 队列的名称
             * boolean durable 是否该队列持久化rabbitMq服务重启后该存放是否存在
             * boolean exclusive 是否独占false
             * boolean autoDelete 是否自动删除 如果长时间没有发生消息,则自动删除
             * Map<String,Object> arguments 额外参数,可以给空
             */
             channel.queueDeclare("lipeng", true, false,false, null);
             //发生消息
            /**
             * String exchange: 交换机的名称 如果没有则使用”“ 它会自动采用默认
             * String routingKey 路由key,如果没有交换机的绑定  使用队列的名称
             * BasicProperties props 消息的一些额外配置 可以为null
             * byte[] body 消息的内容
             */
             String msg="hello world, I am coming!!!,Nice to meet you";
             channel.basicPublish("","lipeng",null,msg.getBytes());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消费者Consumer:

package com.lp.test;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumeer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建连接工厂 ---配置连接信息
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        //设置连接ip
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
            //创建连接对象
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建通道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //接受消息
            /**
             * String queue 对列的名称
             * boolean autoAck 是否自动确认
             * Consumer callback 回调函数:当队列中存在信息,会自动触发回调函数
             */
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                    //body 接受的信息
                    System.out.println("消息内容是"+new String(body));
                }
            };
            channel.basicConsume("lipeng",true,consumer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2,工作者模式

在这里插入图片描述
生产者Producer:

package com.lp.worker;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Producter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
   		//声明全局队列的变量 ---queue1
        String queue1="lipeng_worker01";
        //创建连接工厂 ---配置连接信息
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
        	//创建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建信道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //创建队列
             /**
             * String queue 队列的名称
             * boolean durable 是否该队列持久化rabbitMq服务重启后该存放是否存在
             * boolean exclusive 是否独占false
             * boolean autoDelete 是否自动删除 如果长时间没有发生消息,则自动删除
             * Map<String,Object> arguments 额外参数,可以给空
             */
            channel.queueDeclare(queue1,true,false,false,null);
            //发生消息
             /**
             * String exchange: 交换机的名称 如果没有则使用”“ 它会自动采用默认
             * String routingKey 路由key,如果没有交换机的绑定  使用队列的名称
             * BasicProperties props 消息的一些额外配置 可以为null
             * byte[] body 消息的内容
             */
            for (int i = 0; i <10 ; i++) {
                String msg="你好呀"+":"+i;
                channel.basicPublish("",queue1,null,msg.getBytes());
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消费者1Consumer01:

package com.lp.worker;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumeer01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	//创建连接工厂 ---配置连接信息
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
       		//创建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建信道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //接受消息
             /**
             * String queue 对列的名称
             * boolean autoAck 是否自动确认
             * Consumer callback 回调函数:当队列中存在信息,会自动触发回调函数
             */
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {					 //body 接受的信息
                    System.out.println("消息01:"+new String(body));
                }
            };
            channel.basicConsume("lipeng_worker01",true,consumer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消费者2Consumer02:

package com.lp.worker;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumeer02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	//创建连接工厂 ---配置连接信息
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
       		//创建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建信道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //接受消息
             /**
             * String queue 对列的名称
             * boolean autoAck 是否自动确认
             * Consumer callback 回调函数:当队列中存在信息,会自动触发回调函数
             */
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {					 //body 接受的信息
                    System.out.println("消息02:"+new String(body));
                }
            };
            channel.basicConsume("lipeng_worker01",true,consumer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
3,广播模式

在这里插入图片描述
生产者Producer:

package com.lp.fanout;

import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Producter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	//创建连接工厂  ---配置连接信息
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
        	//创建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建信道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //声明队列
            channel.queueDeclare("lipeng_fanout01",true,false,false,null);
            channel.queueDeclare("lipeng_fanout02",true,false,false,null);
            //声明交换机
            channel.exchangeDeclare("lipeng_exchange_fanout", BuiltinExchangeType.FANOUT,true);
			//绑定交换机            channel.queueBind("lipeng_fanout01","lipeng_exchange_fanout","");
            channel.queueBind("lipeng_fanout02","lipeng_exchange_fanout","");
            for (int i = 0; i <10 ; i++) {
                String msg="Do you love me ?"+i;
               //发生消息 channel.basicPublish("lipeng_exchange_fanout","",null,msg.getBytes());
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消费者1Consumer01:

package com.lp.fanout;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumeer01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	//创建连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
        	//创建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建信道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {					//body 接受的消息
                    System.out.println("消息01"+"=="+new String(body));
                }
            };
            channel.basicConsume("lipeng_fanout01",true,consumer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消费者2Consumer02:

package com.lp.fanout;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumeer02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
        	//创建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建信道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {					//body 接受消息
                    System.out.println("消息02"+"=="+new String(body));
                }
            };
            channel.basicConsume("lipeng_fanout02",true,consumer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
4,路由模式

在这里插入图片描述
生产者Producer:

package com.lp.routing;

import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Producter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	//声明用作全局变量的队列变量和交换机变量
        String queue1="lp_routing01";
        String queue2="lp_routing02";
        String exchange1="lp_exchange_direct";
        //创建连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
        	//创建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();	
            //创建信道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //声明对列
            channel.queueDeclare(queue1,true,false,false,null);
            channel.queueDeclare(queue2,true,false,false,null);
            //声明交换机
            channel.exchangeDeclare(exchange1, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT,true);
            //绑定交换机
            channel.queueBind(queue1,exchange1,"error");
            channel.queueBind(queue2,exchange1,"error");
            channel.queueBind(queue2,exchange1,"info");
            channel.queueBind(queue2,exchange1,"warning");
            //发生消息
            for (int i = 0; i <10 ; i++) {
                String msg="晚安,世界!"+":"+i;
                channel.basicPublish(exchange1,"error",null,msg.getBytes());
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消费者1Consumer01:

package com.lp.routing;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumeer01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	//创建连接对象
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
        	//创建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建信道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //接受消息
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {						//body 接受的消息内容
                    System.out.println("消息01:"+new String(body));
                }
            };
            channel.basicConsume("lp_routing01",true,consumer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消费者2Consumer02:

package com.lp.routing;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumeer02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	//创建连接对象
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
        	//创建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建信道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //接受消息
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {						//body 接受的消息内容
                    System.out.println("消息02:"+new String(body));
                }
            };
            channel.basicConsume("lp_routing01",true,consumer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
5,主题模式

在这里插入图片描述
生产者Producer:

package com.lp.topic;

import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Producter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	//声明用作全局变量的队列变量和交换价变量
        String queue1="lp_topic01";
        String queue2="lp_topic02";
        String exchange1="lp_exchange_topic";
        //创建连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
        	//创建连接
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            //创建信道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            //声明队列
            channel.queueDeclare(queue1,true,false,false,null);
            channel.queueDeclare(queue2,true,false,false,null);
            //声明交换机
            channel.exchangeDeclare(exchange1, BuiltinExchangeType.TOPIC,true);
            //绑定队列
            channel.queueBind(queue1,exchange1,"*.orange.*");
            channel.queueBind(queue2,exchange1,"*.*.rabbit");
            channel.queueBind(queue2,exchange1,"lazy.#");
            //发生消息
            for (int i = 0; i <10 ; i++) {
                String msg="goodnight!My love world";
                channel.basicPublish(exchange1,"lazy.orange",null,msg.getBytes());
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消费者1Consumer01:

package com.lp.topic;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumeer01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                    System.out.println("消息01:"+new String(body));
                }
            };
            channel.basicConsume("lp_topic01",true,consumer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消费者2Consumer02:

package com.lp.topic;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumeer02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String queue1="lp_topic02";
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.31.181");
        try {
            Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                    System.out.println("消息02:"+new String(body));
                }
            };
            channel.basicConsume(queue1,true,consumer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

每天努力一点点,终会有所收获!!!!

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