Android 之 菜单资源

Android 之 菜单资源

参考网页https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/menu-resource
菜单资源定义可通过 MenuInflater 进行扩充的应用菜单，包括选项菜单、上下文菜单和子菜单。
文件位置：
res/menu/filename.xml
该文件名将用作资源 ID。
编译后的资源数据类型：
指向 Menu（或其子类）资源的资源指针。
资源引用：
在 Java 中：R.menu.filename
在 XML 中：@[package:]menu.filename
语法：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
        <item android:id="@[+][package:]id/resource_name"
              android:title="string"
              android:titleCondensed="string"
              android:icon="@[package:]drawable/drawable_resource_name"
              android:onClick="method name"
              android:showAsAction=["ifRoom" | "never" | "withText" | "always" | "collapseActionView"]
              android:actionLayout="@[package:]layout/layout_resource_name"
              android:actionViewClass="class name"
              android:actionProviderClass="class name"
              android:alphabeticShortcut="string"
              android:alphabeticModifiers=["META" | "CTRL" | "ALT" | "SHIFT" | "SYM" | "FUNCTION"]
              android:numericShortcut="string"
              android:numericModifiers=["META" | "CTRL" | "ALT" | "SHIFT" | "SYM" | "FUNCTION"]
              android:checkable=["true" | "false"]
              android:visible=["true" | "false"]
              android:enabled=["true" | "false"]
              android:menuCategory=["container" | "system" | "secondary" | "alternative"]
              android:orderInCategory="integer" />
        <group android:id="@[+][package:]id/resource name"
               android:checkableBehavior=["none" | "all" | "single"]
               android:visible=["true" | "false"]
               android:enabled=["true" | "false"]
               android:menuCategory=["container" | "system" | "secondary" | "alternative"]
               android:orderInCategory="integer" >
            <item />
        </group>
        <item >
            <menu>
              <item />
            </menu>
        </item>
    </menu>
    

示例：
保存在 res/menu/example_menu.xml 的 XML 文件：

    <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
        <item android:id="@+id/item1"
              android:title="@string/item1"
              android:icon="@drawable/group_item1_icon"
              app:showAsAction="ifRoom|withText"/>
        <group android:id="@+id/group">
            <item android:id="@+id/group_item1"
                  android:onClick="onGroupItemClick"
                  android:title="@string/group_item1"
                  android:icon="@drawable/group_item1_icon" />
            <item android:id="@+id/group_item2"
                  android:onClick="onGroupItemClick"
                  android:title="@string/group_item2"
                  android:icon="@drawable/group_item2_icon" />
        </group>
        <item android:id="@+id/submenu"
              android:title="@string/submenu_title"
              app:showAsAction="ifRoom|withText" >
            <menu>
                <item android:id="@+id/submenu_item1"
                      android:title="@string/submenu_item1" />
            </menu>
        </item>
    </menu>
    

以下应用代码会通过 onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu) 回调扩充菜单，还会声明其中两个项的点击回调：

    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.example_menu, menu);
        return true;
    }

    public void onGroupItemClick(MenuItem item) {
        // One of the group items (using the onClick attribute) was clicked
        // The item parameter passed here indicates which item it is
        // All other menu item clicks are handled by <code><a href="/reference/android/app/Activity.html#onOptionsItemSelected(android.view.MenuItem)">onOptionsItemSelected()</a></code>
    }