测试
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PC1,PC2,PC3和PC5都能够自动获取到相应的IP地址,在IP参数里包括网关和DNS服务器的IP(用ipconfig /all命令检查)。
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PC1,PC2,PC3,PC5都能够访问www.707.com。
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只有pc3才能ftp主机IP为192.168.5.3的服务器,其他电脑不行。
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PC1,pc2,PC3,PC5都能够ping 通外网ip(5.5.5.5)。
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用tracert 5.5.5.5命令跟踪,结果应该如下:
PC1和PC5—vlan10:
C:>tracert -d 5.5.5.5
Tracing route to 5.5.5.5 over a maximum of 30 hops
1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.59.3
2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 172.16.1.1
3 29 ms 29 ms 29 ms 5.5.5.5
Trace complete.
PC2—vlan20:
C:>tracert –d 5.5.5.5
Tracing route to 201.1.2.1 over a maximum of 30 hops
1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.60.2
2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 172.17.1.1
3 28 ms 29 ms 29 ms 5.5.5.5
Trace complete.
PC3—vlan30:
C:>tracert –d 5.5.5.5
Tracing route to 201.1.2.1 over a maximum of 30 hops
1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.61.2
2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 172.17.1.1
3 28 ms 29 ms 29 ms 5.5.5.5
Trace complete.
若不是以上结果,则转以下“基础测试”,分析找出问题并解决问题。再执行本步骤,直至PC1、PC5、PC2及PC3的跟踪结果完全正确。
5+、当以上1-5点测试完成后,做以下扩展测试:
扩展测试:
1、手工shutdown L交换机跟踪的接口g0/1,再在PC1、PC2、PC3和PC5上跟踪到5.5.5.5的逐级路由情况(用tracert –d 5.5.5.5命令)。
路径跟踪:
PC1和PC5—vlan10:
C:>tracert –d 5.5.5.5
Tracing route to 5.5.5.5 over a maximum of 30 hops
1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.59.2
2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 172.17.1.1
3 29 ms 29 ms 29 ms 5.5.5.5
Trace complete.
PC2—vlan20:
C:>tracert –d 5.5.5.5
Tracing route to 5.5.5. over a maximum of 30 hops
1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.60.2
2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 172.17.1.1
3 28 ms 29 ms 29 ms 5.5.5.5
Trace complete.
PC3—vlan30:
C:>tracert –d 5.5.5.5
Tracing route to 201.1.2.1 over a maximum of 30 hops
1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.61.2
2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 172.17.1.1
3 28 ms 29 ms 29 ms 5.5.5.5
Trace complete.
注意:若是3550交换机做standby(vrrp),没有端口跟踪(track)功能,因此无法展现此扩展功能。
若Vlan 10(PC1和PC5)的跟踪路径为:192.168.1.3—192.168.1.2----172.17.1.1—5.5.5.5,则可以漏写track(端口跟踪)命令,则需在L交换机上增加track命令:
L(config )#interface vlan 10
L(config )#standby 10 track GigabitEthernet0/1
若还有问题,请查配置手册查看相应处理细节。
- 以上测试任务都完成后,外网PC4能够通过222.1.1.5的IP访问内网中的WEB服务器。
基础测试:
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1、MSTP的理解与测试:
2005-L#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Cost 19
Port 2(FastEthernet0/2)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 00D0.977C.ED52
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/1 Altn BLK 19 128.1 P2p
Fa0/2 Root FWD 19 128.2 P2p
Fa0/3 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p
VLAN0010
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24586
Address 00D0.977C.ED52
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 24586 (priority 24576 sys-id-ext 10)
Address 00D0.977C.ED52
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p
Fa0/2 Desg FWD 19 128.2 P2p
Fa0/3 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p
VLAN0020
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24596
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Cost 19
Port 2(FastEthernet0/2)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 28692 (priority 28672 sys-id-ext 20)
Address 00D0.977C.ED52
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p
Fa0/2 Root FWD 19 128.2 P2p
Fa0/3 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p
VLAN0030
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 8222
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Cost 19
Port 2(FastEthernet0/2)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 28702 (priority 28672 sys-id-ext 30)
Address 00D0.977C.ED52
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p
Fa0/2 Root FWD 19 128.2 P2p
Fa0/3 Altn BLK 19 128.3 P2p
2006-R#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/3 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p
Fa0/2 Desg FWD 19 128.2 P2p
VLAN0010
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24586
Address 00D0.977C.ED52
Cost 19
Port 2(FastEthernet0/2)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 28682 (priority 28672 sys-id-ext 10)
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/3 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p
Fa0/2 Root FWD 19 128.2 P2p
VLAN0020
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24596
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 24596 (priority 24576 sys-id-ext 20)
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/3 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p
Fa0/2 Desg FWD 19 128.2 P2p
VLAN0030
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 8222
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
This bridge is the root
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 8222 (priority 8192 sys-id-ext 30)
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/3 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p
Fa0/2 Desg FWD 19 128.2 P2p
2007-cangku#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Cost 19
Port 4(FastEthernet0/4)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 000C.CFD9.2624
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/4 Root FWD 19 128.4 P2p
Fa0/3 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p
VLAN0010
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24586
Address 00D0.977C.ED52
Cost 19
Port 3(FastEthernet0/3)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)
Address 000C.CFD9.2624
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/4 Altn BLK 19 128.4 P2p
Fa0/3 Root FWD 19 128.3 P2p
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p
VLAN0020
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24596
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Cost 19
Port 4(FastEthernet0/4)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32788 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 20)
Address 000C.CFD9.2624
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/4 Root FWD 19 128.4 P2p
Fa0/2 Desg FWD 19 128.2 P2p
Fa0/3 Altn BLK 19 128.3 P2p
2008-bonggong#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Cost 19
Port 3(FastEthernet0/3)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 00D0.BAC0.267A
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/4 Altn BLK 19 128.4 P2p
Fa0/3 Root FWD 19 128.3 P2p
VLAN0010
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24586
Address 00D0.977C.ED52
Cost 19
Port 4(FastEthernet0/4)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)
Address 00D0.BAC0.267A
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/4 Root FWD 19 128.4 P2p
Fa0/2 Desg FWD 19 128.2 P2p
Fa0/3 Altn BLK 19 128.3 P2p
VLAN0030
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 8222
Address 0002.17D9.D07B
Cost 19
Port 3(FastEthernet0/3)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 12318 (priority 12288 sys-id-ext 30)
Address 00D0.BAC0.267A
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p
Fa0/4 Desg FWD 19 128.4 P2p
Fa0/3 Root FWD 19 128.3 P2p
mst 1的生成树(红色线条连接部分),L为根桥。
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mst 2的生成树(红色线条连接部分),R为根桥。
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2、测试vrrp:
正常情况下,应为:
2005-L# show standby brief
P indicates configured to preempt.
|
Interface Grp Pri P State Active Standby Virtual IP
Vl10 10 100 P Active local 192.168.59.2 192.168.59.1
Vl20 20 99 P Standby 192.168.60.2 local 192.168.60.1
Vl30 30 99 P Standby 192.168.61.2 local 192.168.61.1
2006-R# show standby brief
P indicates configured to preempt.
|
Interface Grp Pri P State Active Standby Virtual IP
Vl10 10 99 P Standby 192.168.59.3 local 192.168.59.1
Vl20 20 100 P Active local 192.168.60.3 192.168.60.1
Vl30 30 100 P Active local 192.168.61.3 192.168.61.1
3、 查看路由表
R1路由器:
R1#show ip route ospf
O 192.168.5.0 [110/2] via 172.16.1.2, 01:01:59, GigabitEthernet0/0
O 192.168.59.0 [110/6] via 172.16.1.2, 01:01:49, GigabitEthernet0/0
[110/6] via 172.17.1.2, 01:01:49, GigabitEthernet0/1
O 192.168.60.0 [110/6] via 172.16.1.2, 01:01:49, GigabitEthernet0/0
[110/6] via 172.17.1.2, 01:01:49, GigabitEthernet0/1
O 192.168.61.0 [110/6] via 172.16.1.2, 01:01:49, GigabitEthernet0/0
[110/6] via 172.17.1.2, 01:01:49, GigabitEthernet0/1
L交换机:
2005-L#show ip route ospf
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 172.16.1.1, 01:02:17, GigabitEthernet0/1
172.17.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 172.17.1.0 [110/2] via 172.16.1.1, 01:02:17, GigabitEthernet0/1
201.1.1.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 201.1.1.0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.1, 01:02:17, GigabitEthernet0/1
222.1.1.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 222.1.1.0 [110/2] via 172.16.1.1, 01:02:17, GigabitEthernet0/1
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 172.16.1.1, 01:02:17, GigabitEthernet0/1
2006-R#show ip route ospf
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 172.16.1.0 [110/2] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
O 192.168.5.0 [110/3] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
201.1.1.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 201.1.1.0 [110/65] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
222.1.1.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 222.1.1.0 [110/2] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
1.1, 01:02:17, GigabitEthernet0/1
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 172.16.1.1, 01:02:17, GigabitEthernet0/1
2006-R#show ip route ospf
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 172.16.1.0 [110/2] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
O 192.168.5.0 [110/3] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
201.1.1.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 201.1.1.0 [110/65] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
222.1.1.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 222.1.1.0 [110/2] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1
O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 172.17.1.1, 01:02:37, GigabitEthernet0/1