ASP.NET 验证码的制作与校验(使用 cookie 传值)
(1)验证码应该是图片格式,不能是文字格式,即无法用鼠标选中。
(2)验证码上应该有噪点和干扰线条。
(3)验证码应该回避相似字符,如“0”和“o”“I”和“1”等。
(4)验证码至少是数字和字母(含大小写)的组合,不应该是单纯的数字或字母,可以出现汉字。应该实现输入验证码字母字母“不区分大小写”。验证码中的内容,应该是随机生成。
(5)验证码,可以通过点击图片或旁边文字实现“看不清,换一张”的功能。
(6)应当有个用于核对验证码输入是否正确的tbx和btn,当点击btn时,弹窗提示验证码输入的是正确或错误。
一、效果
制作验证码主要是利用了C#的GDI绘制,效果如下图所示:
二、代码实现
项目资源分布
主页 WebForm1.aspx
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" Inherits="ImageCode.WebForm1" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="验证码:" Font-Size="25px"></asp:Label>
<asp:TextBox ID="tbx_imgcheckingcode" runat="server" Width="82px" Height="25px"></asp:TextBox>
<%-- ondblclick 事件在用户双击元素时发生。--%>
<asp:ImageButton ID="ibtn_imgcheckingcode" src="WebForm2.aspx" runat="server" Height="40px" Width="70px" οnclick="this.src=this.src+'?'" ToolTip="看不清我,就点一下我吧!" />
<a href="javascript:changeCode()" style="text-decoration: underline; font-size: 10px;">换一张</a><br />
<%-- 刷新验证码--%>
<script type="text/javascript">
function changeCode() {
document.getElementById('ibtn_imgcheckingcode').src = document.getElementById('ibtn_imgcheckingcode').src + '?';
}
</script>
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="验证" OnClick="Button1_Click" />
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
WebForm1.aspx.cs(注意 namespace 的引用,改成自己的项目名)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
namespace ImageCode
{
public partial class WebForm1 : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//引入验证码 url
ibtn_imgcheckingcode.ImageUrl = "WebForm2.aspx";
}
//使用cookie传值验证
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string checkingcode = tbx_imgcheckingcode.Text;
//收到cookie请求的对象
HttpCookie cookie_checkingcode = Request.Cookies["ImageV"];
//将验证码中的字母转为大写,进行校验
string scode = cookie_checkingcode.Value.ToUpper().ToString();
if (checkingcode.ToUpper()!= scode)
{
Response.Write("<script>alert('验证码输入不正确!')</script>");
}
else
{
this.tbx_imgcheckingcode.Text = "";
Response.Write("<script>alert('验证码输入正确')</script>");
}
}
}
}
验证码页面 WebForm2.aspx (什么都不用写)
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm2.aspx.cs" Inherits="ImageCode.WebForm2" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
WebForm2.aspx.cs
注意using
引用
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
//引入画板
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
namespace ImageCode
{
public partial class WebForm2 : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string tmp = RndNum(4);
//将验证码写入cookie
HttpCookie a = new HttpCookie("ImageV", tmp);
Response.Cookies.Add(a);
this.ValidateCode(tmp);
}
private void ValidateCode(string VNum)
{
//创建位图对象
Bitmap Img = null;
Graphics g = null
//分配内存空间
MemoryStream ms = null;
int gheight = VNum.Length * 12;
Img = new Bitmap(gheight, 25);
g = Graphics.FromImage(Img);
//生成随机生成器
Random random = new Random();
//背景颜色
g.Clear(Color.White);
//生成噪点随机颜色
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
int x = random.Next(Img.Width);
int y = random.Next(Img.Height);
Img.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(random.Next()));
}
//添加干扰线条
int z =6;//干扰线条数
for (int i = 0; i < z; i++)
{
int x1 = random.Next(Img.Width);
int x2 = random.Next(Img.Width);
int y1 = random.Next(Img.Height);
int y2 = random.Next(Img.Height);
//随机干扰线条颜色
int r = random.Next(255);
int green = random.Next(255);
int b = random.Next(255);
g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.FromArgb(r,green,b), 1), x1, y1, x2, y2);//根据坐标画线
}
//文字字体
Font f = new Font("Arial Black ", 12);
//文字颜色
SolidBrush s = new SolidBrush(Color.Blue);
//画验证码
g.DrawString(VNum, f, s, 3, 3);
ms = new MemoryStream();
//将验证码图片存入内存流,并将其以 "image/Jpeg" 格式输出
Img.Save(ms, ImageFormat.Jpeg);
Response.ClearContent();
Response.ContentType = "image/Jpeg ";
Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
//显式释放资源
g.Dispose();
Img.Dispose();
Response.End();
}
private string RndNum(int VcodeNum)
{
// //定义存放的字符串回避相似字符
string Vchar = "2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,J,K,M,N,P" +
",Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z,a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,g,k,m,n,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z";
string[] VcArray = Vchar.Split(new Char[] { ',' });
string VNum = " ";
int temp = -1;
Random rand = new Random();
for (int i = 1; i < VcodeNum + 1; i++)
{
if (temp != -1)
{
rand = new Random(i * temp * unchecked((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks));
}
int t = rand.Next(54);
if (temp != -1 && temp == t)
{
return RndNum(VcodeNum);
}
temp = t;
VNum += VcArray[t];
}
return VNum;
}
}
}