QT中实现TCP通信

TCP通信包括两个部分 具体原理可以去百度一下，此处之展现实现过程，不过代码确实又臭又长，可以参考，请谨慎使用。关键部分代码解释在下面代码块中加了注释。

TCP通信包括一个是客户端 ，一个是服务端，接下来份两部分简单讲解一下QT如何实现两部分的通信的

服务端实现过程

VS下QT需要引入network模块

需要如下头文件

#include<QTcpSocket>
#include<QTcpServer>

这两个头文件与建立连接和传输数据有关。

服务端的.h文件

#pragma once
#if _MSC_VER >= 1600
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")// 该指令仅支持VS环境
#endif
#include <QtWidgets/QWidget>
#include "ui_Sever.h"
#include<QTcpSocket>
#include<QTcpServer>

class Sever : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Sever(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Sever();

public slots:
    void on_listenBtn_clicked();
    void on_SendBtn_clicked();
    void New_Connect();
    void Read_Data();
    void Socket_Disconnected();


private:
    Ui::SeverClass ui;
    QTcpServer* m_server;
    QTcpSocket* m_socket;  
};

服务端的.cpp文件

#include "Sever.h"

Sever::Sever(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
    ui.setupUi(this);
    ui.lineEditPort->setText("8000");      //端口号

    ui.SendBtn->setEnabled(false);         //设置按键使能
    ui.lineEditPort->setReadOnly(false);

    m_server = new QTcpServer(this);       //new出QTCPSever指针对象
    connect(m_server, &QTcpServer::newConnection, this, &Sever::New_Connect);  // 侦听之后每次客户端对服务端进行连接时都会触发newConnection信号

}

Sever::~Sever()
{

}
void Sever::on_listenBtn_clicked()
{
    qDebug() << "listenBtn()" << endl;
    if (ui.listenBtn->text() == "侦听")
    {
        int port = ui.lineEditPort->text().toInt();

        if (!m_server->listen(QHostAddress::Any, port))  //侦听判断
        {
            qDebug() << "Listen Failed" << m_server->errorString() << endl;
            return;
        }
        qDebug() << "Listen Successed" << endl;

        ui.listenBtn->setText("取消侦听");
        ui.lineEditPort->setReadOnly(true);
    }
    else if (ui.listenBtn->text() == "取消侦听")    //取消侦听
    {
        //m_socket->abort();
        m_server->close();
        ui.listenBtn->setText("侦听");

        ui.SendBtn->setEnabled(false);
        ui.lineEditPort->setReadOnly(false);
    }

}
void Sever::on_SendBtn_clicked()   //发送内容（此处可根据自己需求修改）
{
    qDebug() << "SendBtn()" << endl;
    QString str;
    str = ui.textEdit->toPlainText();
    m_socket->write(str.toUtf8());

    m_socket->flush();
}
void Sever::New_Connect()  //读取socket 链接 
{
    m_socket = m_server->nextPendingConnection();  //nextPendingConnection()返回挂起的socket

    connect(m_socket, &QTcpSocket::readyRead, this, &Sever::Read_Data);  //读取数据并解析
    connect(m_socket, &QTcpSocket::disconnected, this, &Sever::Socket_Disconnected);

    ui.SendBtn->setEnabled(true);
    ui.lineEditPort->setReadOnly(true);

}
void Sever::Read_Data()
{
    QByteArray buffer;
    buffer = m_socket->readAll();
    if (!buffer.isEmpty())
    {
        QString str = ui.textEdit_2->toPlainText();
        str += buffer;

        qDebug() << str << endl;
        ui.textEdit_2->setText(str);

    }
}
void Sever::Socket_Disconnected()
{
    ui.SendBtn->setEnabled(false);
    qDebug() << "disconnected successed" << endl;
    ui.lineEditPort->setReadOnly(false);

}

客户端实现过程

客户端.h文件

#pragma once
#if _MSC_VER >= 1600
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#endif

#include <QtWidgets/QWidget>
#include "ui_Client1.h"
#include<QDebug>
#include<QTcpSocket>
class Client1 : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Client1(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Client1();

public slots:
    void on_ConnectBtn_clicked();
    void on_SendBtn_clicked();

    void Socket_Read_Data();
    void Socket_Disconnect();

private:
    Ui::Client1Class ui;
    QTcpSocket* m_socket;
};

客户端.cpp文件

#include "Client1.h"

Client1::Client1(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
    ui.setupUi(this);
    m_socket = new QTcpSocket(this);
    ui.lineEdit_IP->setText("192.168.137.50");  //链接服务端IP
    ui.lineEdit_Port->setText("8000");    // 端口号
    ui.SendBtn->setEnabled(false);
    connect(m_socket, &QTcpSocket::readyRead, this, &Client1::Socket_Read_Data);   
    connect(m_socket, &QTcpSocket::disconnected, this, &Client1::Socket_Disconnect);
    ui.lineEdit_IP->setReadOnly(false);
    ui.lineEdit_Port->setReadOnly(false);
}

Client1::~Client1()
{}

void Client1::on_ConnectBtn_clicked()
{
    qDebug() << "ConnectBtn_clicked()" << endl;

    if (ui.ConnectBtn->text() == "连接")
    {
        QString IP;
        int Port;

        IP = ui.lineEdit_IP->text();
        Port = ui.lineEdit_Port->text().toInt();

        m_socket->abort();

        m_socket->connectToHost(IP, Port);
        if (!m_socket->waitForConnected(30000))  //链接等待时间
        {
            qDebug() << m_socket->errorString() << endl;    //报错链接失败原因
            qDebug() << "Connect Failed!" << endl;
            return;
        }
        qDebug() << "Connect Successed" << endl;


        ui.ConnectBtn->setText("断开连接");

        ui.SendBtn->setEnabled(true);
        ui.lineEdit_IP->setReadOnly(true);
        ui.lineEdit_Port->setReadOnly(true);
    }
    else if (ui.ConnectBtn->text() == "断开连接")
    {
        m_socket->disconnectFromHost();

        ui.ConnectBtn->setText("连接");

        ui.SendBtn->setEnabled(false);
        ui.lineEdit_IP->setReadOnly(false);
        ui.lineEdit_Port->setReadOnly(false);
    }
}
void Client1::on_SendBtn_clicked()
{
    qDebug() << "SendBtn_clicked()" << endl;

    QString SendData = ui.textEdit->toPlainText();

    m_socket->write(SendData.toUtf8());
    qDebug() << SendData << endl;


    /*m_socket->flush();*/

}
void Client1::Socket_Read_Data()
{
    qDebug() << "Socket_read_data" << endl;

    QByteArray buffer;
    buffer = m_socket->readAll();
    if (!buffer.isEmpty())
    {
        QString str = ui.textEdit_2->toPlainText();
        str += buffer;
        ui.textEdit_2->setText(str);
    }
}
void Client1::Socket_Disconnect()
{
    qDebug() << "Socket_Disconnect()" << endl;

    ui.SendBtn->setEnabled(false);
    ui.lineEdit_IP->setReadOnly(false);
    ui.lineEdit_Port->setReadOnly(false);
    ui.ConnectBtn->setText("连接");
}

效果大致就是这样。