WPF学习记录

Style

BaseOn

继承基础属性集合

Setter

属性集合，可以减少相同属性控件的代码量

Trigger

属性触发器，可以为控件做简单的动画效果。

控件模板

ControlTemplate --> 显示内容，背景颜色，对齐

 <Window.Resources>
        <Style x:Key="Mybtn" TargetType="Button">
            <Setter Property="Background" Value="Aqua"/>
            <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="Button">
                        <!--控件大小尺寸-->
                        <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                            <Border x:Name="HearderBorder"/>
                            <ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalAlignment}" VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalAlignment}"/>
                        </Grid>
                        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                            <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
                                <Setter TargetName="HearderBorder" Property="BorderThickness" Value="2 0 0 0"/>
                                <Setter TargetName="HearderBorder" Property="BorderBrush" Value="	BlueViolet"/>
                            </Trigger>
                        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <Grid>
            <Button Width="120" Height="30" Style="{StaticResource Mybtn}" Content="123" Background="Red" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
        </Grid>
    </Grid>

数据模板

以自定义的控件排布在空间上显示数据

 <ListBox x:Name="list" BorderThickness="2">
            <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
                <DataTemplate>
                    <Grid>
                        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Icon}"/>
                            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Title}" Margin="5 0 0 0"/>
                        </StackPanel>
                    </Grid>
                </DataTemplate>
            </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
        </ListBox>

Binding

控件间的绑定

默认是双向绑定的（OneWay,OneTime,OneWayToSource,TwoWay);

<Slider x:Name="sl1" Minimum="0" Maximum="100"/>
            <TextBox x:Name="txt1" Text="{Binding ElementName=sl1,Path=Value}"/>
            <Slider x:Name="sl2" Minimum="{Binding ElementName=sl1,Path=Minimum}" Maximum="{Binding ElementName=sl1,Path=Maximum}" Value="{Binding ElementName=sl1,Path=Value}"/>

命令

添加一个类，继承ICommand接口

 public class MyCommand : ICommand
    {
        Action excuteAction;
        public MyCommand(Action action)
        {
            excuteAction = action;
        
        }
        public event EventHandler? CanExecuteChanged;

        public bool CanExecute(object? parameter)
        {
            return true;
        }

        public void Execute(object? parameter)
        {
            excuteAction();
        }
    }

在ViewModel中应用

   public partial class Test
    {
        public MyCommand ShowCommand { get; set; }
        public Test()
        {
            ShowCommand = new MyCommand(Show);
        }
        public void Show()
        {
            MessageBox.Show("点击了按钮");
        }

behavior 行为

      <ListBox x:Name="listMenu"
                     ItemsSource="{Binding MenuBars}" 
                     SelectedIndex="0">
                <i:Interaction.Triggers>
                    <!--给ListBox添加一个选项改变行为命令-->
                    <i:EventTrigger EventName="SelectionChanged">
                        <i:InvokeCommandAction Command="{Binding OpenNevegate}" 
                                               CommandParameter="{Binding ElementName=listMenu,Path=SelectedItem}"/>
                    </i:EventTrigger>
                    <!--给App添加一个加载初始导航画面行为命令-->
                    <i:EventTrigger EventName="Loaded">
                        <i:InvokeCommandAction Command="{Binding OpenNevegate}" 
                                               CommandParameter="{Binding ElementName=listMenu,Path=SelectedItem}"/>
                    </i:EventTrigger>
                </i:Interaction.Triggers>
            </ListBox>

属性更改通知

新增一个类继承INotifyPropertyChanged
基础版

    public class Test : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        private string _title;
        public string Title
        {
            get { return _title; }
            set { _title = value;
                PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("Title"));
            }
        }
        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler? PropertyChanged;
    }

稍微进步点版 [CallerMemberName]添加一个特性，可以不用写一串

    public class BindBase : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler? PropertyChanged;
        public void NotifyPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] String propertyName = "")
        {
            PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
        }
    }

转换器 IValueConverter

添加一个类IDisPlay继承IValueConverter

IDisPlay.cs代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Data;

namespace PrismMy
{
    public class IDisPlay : IValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            if (value != null)
            {
                var str = value.ToString();
                if(str == "0")
                    return "Yes";
                else if(str == "1")
                    return "No";
            }
            return "未知";
        }

        public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

MainWindow.xaml代码

   <Window.Resources>
        <local:IDisPlay x:Key="ValueConvert"/>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="auto"/>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
         <StackPanel>
            <TextBlock x:Name="tx1" Text="0" FontSize="50" />
            <TextBlock x:Name="tx2" Text="1" FontSize="50" />
            <TextBlock x:Name="tx3" Text="2" FontSize="50" />
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Text,ElementName=tx1,Converter={StaticResource ValueConvert}}" FontSize="50"/>
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Text,ElementName=tx2,Converter={StaticResource ValueConvert}}" FontSize="50"/>
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Text,ElementName=tx3,Converter={StaticResource ValueConvert}}" FontSize="50"/>
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>

多值转换器 IMultiValueConverter

新增一个类IDisMultiPlay.cs继承IMultiValueConverter接口

IDisMultiPlay.cs代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace PrismMy
{
    public class IDisMultiPlay : IMultiValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            if (values == null || values.Length < 3)
                return null;
            byte R = System.Convert.ToByte(values[0]);
            byte G = System.Convert.ToByte(values[1]);
            byte B = System.Convert.ToByte(values[2]);
            Color color = Color.FromRgb(R, G, B);
            SolidColorBrush brush = new SolidColorBrush(color);
            return brush;
        }

        public object[] ConvertBack(object value, Type[] targetTypes, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

MainWindow.xaml代码

 <StackPanel Grid.Column="1">
            <Slider x:Name="sl1" Minimum="0" Maximum="255" Width="200" Height="20"/>
            <Slider x:Name="sl2" Minimum="0" Maximum="255" Width="200" Height="20"/>
            <Slider x:Name="sl3" Minimum="0" Maximum="255" Width="200" Height="20"/>
            <Path HorizontalAlignment="Center">
                <Path.Data>
                    <EllipseGeometry Center="100 100" RadiusX="50" RadiusY="50"/>
                </Path.Data>
                <Path.Fill>
                    <MultiBinding Converter="{StaticResource MultiConvert}">
                        <Binding ElementName="sl1" Path="Value"/>
                        <Binding ElementName="sl2" Path="Value"/>
                        <Binding ElementName="sl3" Path="Value"/>
                    </MultiBinding>
                </Path.Fill>
            </Path>
        </StackPanel>