opencv学习笔记(26):轮廓周围绘制矩形框和圆形框

void cv::approxPolyDP	(	InputArray 	curve,
OutputArray 	approxCurve,
double 	epsilon,
bool 	closed 
)		

基于RDP算法实现,目的是减少多边形轮廓点数

参数
curve Input vector of a 2D point stored in std::vector or Mat
approxCurve Result of the approximation. The type should match the type of the input curve.
epsilon Parameter specifying the approximation accuracy. This is the maximum distance between the original curve and its approximation.
closed If true, the approximated curve is closed (its first and last vertices are connected). Otherwise, it is not closed.

cv::boundingRect(InputArray points)得到轮廓周围最小矩形左上交点坐标和右下角点坐标，绘制一个矩形
cv::minAreaRect(InputArray points)得到一个旋转的矩形，返回旋转矩形

cv::minEnclosingCircle(InputArray points, //得到最小区域圆形
Point2f& center, // 圆心位置
float& radius)// 圆的半径
cv::fitEllipse(InputArray points)得到最小椭圆

步骤
首先将图像变为二值图像
发现轮廓，找到图像轮廓
通过相关API在轮廓点上找到最小包含矩形和圆，旋转矩形与椭圆。
绘制它们。

实例代码

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
Mat src, gray_src, drawImg;
int threshold_v = 170;
int threshold_max = 255;
const char* output_win = "rectangle-demo";
RNG rng(12345);
void Contours_Callback(int, void*);
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	src = imread("F:/5.png");
	if (!src.data) {
		printf("could not load image...\n");
		return -1;
	}
	cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	blur(gray_src, gray_src, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));

	const char* source_win = "input image";
	namedWindow(source_win, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	namedWindow(output_win, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow(source_win, src);

	createTrackbar("Threshold Value:", output_win, &threshold_v, threshold_max, Contours_Callback);
	Contours_Callback(0, 0);

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

void Contours_Callback(int, void*) {
	Mat binary_output;
	vector<vector<Point>> contours;
	vector<Vec4i> hierachy;
	threshold(gray_src, binary_output, threshold_v, threshold_max, THRESH_BINARY);
	//imshow("binary image", binary_output);
	findContours(binary_output, contours, hierachy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(-1, -1));
	//创建用于存储的向量
	vector<vector<Point>> contours_ploy(contours.size());
	vector<Rect> ploy_rects(contours.size());
	vector<Point2f> ccs(contours.size());
	vector<float> radius(contours.size());

	vector<RotatedRect> minRects(contours.size());
	vector<RotatedRect> myellipse(contours.size());

	for (size_t i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++) {
		approxPolyDP(Mat(contours[i]), contours_ploy[i], 3, true);
		ploy_rects[i] = boundingRect(contours_ploy[i]);
		minEnclosingCircle(contours_ploy[i], ccs[i], radius[i]);
		//椭圆至少需5个点才能绘制
		if (contours_ploy[i].size() > 5) {
			myellipse[i] = fitEllipse(contours_ploy[i]);
			minRects[i] = minAreaRect(contours_ploy[i]);
		}
	}

	// draw it
	drawImg = Mat::zeros(src.size(), src.type());
	Point2f pts[4];
	for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) {
		Scalar color = Scalar(rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255));
		//rectangle(drawImg, ploy_rects[t], color, 2, 8);
		//circle(drawImg, ccs[t], radius[t], color, 2, 8);
		if (contours_ploy[t].size() > 5) {
			ellipse(drawImg, myellipse[t], color, 1, 8);
			minRects[t].points(pts);
			for (int r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
				line(drawImg, pts[r], pts[(r + 1) % 4], color, 1, 8);
			}
		}
	}

	imshow(output_win, drawImg);
	return;
}