使用C++ 实现TCP server

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前言

工作内容：为每个连接建立线程进行交互，并单独使用一个线程向所有连接持续发送相同数据．主线程执行等待连接． 本实现在ros下，使用C++语言和如下头文件所示的相关库．

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1.头文件

#include <arpa/inet.h>  
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <ros/ros.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include  <pthread.h>

#include<signal.h>

#define SERV_PORT 8888
#define LISTEN_COUNT 5
 
ros::Publisher* m_pub;
pthread_mutex_t cm_mutex;
struct connect_message{
    int connfd;
    struct sockaddr_in cliaddr;
};
std::vector<connect_message> all_connect;

2.main函数

代码如下（示例）：

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    // create ros node
    ros::init(argc, argv, "my_server");
    ros::NodeHandle n;
    ros::Subscriber server_sub;
    server_sub = n.subscribe("sub", 1, subcallback);
    ros::Publisher pub = n.advertise<std_msgs::String>("pub", 1);
    m_pub = &pub;
    ros::Rate loop_rate(1); 
    signal(SIGINT, mySigintHandler);//放到NodeHandle 和 Rate 后面

    std::cout << "start server" << std::endl;

    struct sockaddr_in cliaddr;
    socklen_t cliaddr_len;
    int connfd;

    // socket   init
    int listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (listenfd == -1) {
        std::cout << "Error  socket" << std::endl;
        return 0;
    }
    // bind   port
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
    int opt = 1;
    setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, &opt, sizeof(opt));
    if (bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) == -1) {
        std::cout << "Error bind" << std::endl;
        return 0;
    }

    // listener
    if (listen(listenfd, LISTEN_COUNT) == -1) {
        std::cout << "Error listen" << std::endl;
        return 0;
    }

    //add send thread
    pthread_mutex_init(&cm_mutex, NULL);
    pthread_t circular_trans_th;
    pthread_create(&circular_trans_th, NULL, circular_trans, (void*)&all_connect);
    pthread_detach(circular_trans_th);

    while (true) {
        cliaddr_len = sizeof(cliaddr);
        connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&cliaddr, &cliaddr_len);
        // std::cout << "Device connection" << std::endl; 
        //添加数据到all_connect要使用锁
        {
         connect_message cm;
         cm.connfd = connfd;
         cm.cliaddr = cliaddr;
         pthread_mutex_lock(&cm_mutex);
         all_connect.push_back(cm);
         pthread_mutex_unlock(&cm_mutex);
        }

        char sendbuf[20] = {'\0'};
        ROS_INFO("connected : %s:%d\r\n", inet_ntop(AF_INET, (void*)&cliaddr.sin_addr, sendbuf, 16), cliaddr.sin_port);
 		//为每个连接开辟线程并分离
        pthread_t th;
        pthread_create(&th, NULL, msgRecv, (void*)&connfd);
        pthread_detach(th);  
        ros::spinOnce();
        loop_rate.sleep();
    }

    std::cout << "Socket close" << std::endl;
    close(listenfd);//接受后关闭
    return 0;
}

３.相关函数

3.1 subcallback

ros消息回调函数，其他实现请忽略．

void subcallback(iau_ros_msgs::VehicleHmiConstPtr msg) {
      //数据处理
}

  //该函数用于解决ros节点按ctrl+c不能终止的问题 #include<signal.h>
void mySigintHandler(int sig){
    ROS_INFO("shutting down");
    ros::shutdown();
    exit(0);
}

3.2 server与client的交互函数

void* msgRecv(void* arg){
    std_msgs::String msg;
    int newsock=*(int*)arg;
    char buf[1024];
    while (true){
        int len = recv(newsock, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
        if(len>0){  
             buf[len] = 0x00;
             std::string s = buf;
             std::cout << s << std::endl;  
             msg.data=buf;
        m_pub->publish(msg);
        }
        else{//通过数据发送失败识别客户端断开连接，结束对应线程
            // std::cout << "Thread end\n";
            pthread_exit(NULL);  //线程退出
        }
    }
}

3.3 循环向所有连接发送信息的函数

 void* circular_trans(void* msg) {
     while (true) {
         while(all_connect.empty()) {
             std::cout << "sleep3sec\n";
             sleep(3);
         }
         pthread_mutex_lock(&cm_mutex);
         for (std::vector<connect_message>::iterator it = all_connect.begin(); it != all_connect.end(); ++it) {
         //构造数据
            　std::string str = "hello world";
             int len = send(it->connfd, str.c_str(), str.size(), 0);
             if (len < 0) {
                 //数据发送失败的时候，连接已经断开，应该马上跳出for重新读取all_connect，否则下一次循环还会识别到被删掉的数据，造成越界访问错误，应该是多线程造成的
                 close(it->connfd);  
                char sendbuf[20] = {'\0'};
                 ROS_INFO("Disconnected : %s:%d\r\n", inet_ntop(AF_INET, (void*)&it->cliaddr.sin_addr, sendbuf, 16), it->cliaddr.sin_port);
                 all_connect.erase(it);　
                 break;
             }
             if (it == all_connect.end() - 1) {　
                 break;
             }
         }
         pthread_mutex_unlock(&cm_mutex);
        //  sleep(1);  
     }
}

总结

1.多线程的使用需要小心，detach的线程执行结束应该主动关闭．
2.在数据上锁后数据更新需要重新上锁才能完成．
3.accept写在死循环中可以持续监听连接．