macOS系统中修改mysql的默认字符集

  1. 登陆mysql:

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p 

  1. 获取超级权限、在终端输入代码 sudo su输入完后获取超级权限、终端显示 sh-3.2#、输入本机密码(Apple ID密码)

sudo su
  1. mac中修改mysql的默认字符集:

先查看mysql的默认配置是什么,输入如下命令

show variables like 'character%';
  1. 关闭mysql 的服务

  1. 在 /etc 目录下新建my.cnf文件。 touch my.cnf

touch my.cnf
  1. 编辑my.cnf 并将一下内容全部复制进去

# Example MySQL config file for small systems.  
#  
# This is for a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used  
# from time to time and it's important that the mysqld daemon  
# doesn't use much resources.  
#  
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of  
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.  
# You can copy this option file to one of those  
# locations. For information about these locations, see:  
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html  
#  
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.  
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program  
# with the "--help" option.  

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients  
[client]  
default-character-set=utf8  
#password   = your_password  
port        = 3306 
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  

# Here follows entries for some specific programs  

# The MySQL server   
[mysqld]  
default-storage-engine=INNODB  
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_general_ci  
port        = 3306 
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  
skip-external-locking  
key_buffer_size = 16K  
max_allowed_packet = 1M  
table_open_cache = 4 
sort_buffer_size = 64K  
read_buffer_size = 256K  
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K  
net_buffer_length = 2K  
thread_stack = 128K  

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,  
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.  
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.  
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows  
# (using the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!  
#   
#skip-networking  
server-id   = 1 

# Uncomment the following if you want to log updates  
#log-bin=mysql-bin  

# binary logging format - mixed recommended  
#binlog_format=mixed  

# Causes updates to non-transactional engines using statement format to be  
# written directly to binary log. Before using this option make sure that  
# there are no dependencies between transactional and non-transactional  
# tables such as in the statement INSERT INTO t_myisam SELECT * FROM  
# t_innodb; otherwise, slaves may diverge from the master.  
#binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates=TRUE  

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables  
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %  
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high  
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M  
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M  
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size  
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M  
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M  
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 

[mysqldump]  
quick  
max_allowed_packet = 16M  

[mysql]  
no-auto-rehash  
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL  
#safe-updates  

[myisamchk]  
key_buffer_size = 8M  
sort_buffer_size = 8M  

[mysqlhotcopy]  
interactive-timeout 
  1. 重启mysql服务

  1. 再次查看字符集设置,已经变更

mysql> show variables like 'chara%';
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                                     |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                                                      |
| character_set_connection | utf8                                                      |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                                      |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                                    |
| character_set_results    | utf8                                                      |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                                      |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                                      |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql-5.7.25-macos10.14-x86_64/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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修改 MySQL 数据库的配置文件,您可以按照以下步骤进行操作: 1. 找到 MySQL 配置文件。根据您的操作系统MySQL 安装方式的不同,配置文件的位置可能会有所不同。以下是一些常见的配置文件位置: - Windows 上的 MySQL 安装版:`C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server\my.ini`。 - Windows 上的 ZIP/No-Installer 版本:解压缩目录的 `my-default.ini` 并将其重命名为 `my.ini`。 - Linux 上的默认位置:`/etc/my.cnf` 或 `/etc/mysql/my.cnf`。 - macOS 上的默认位置:`/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf`。 2. 使用文本编辑器(如 Notepad++、vi 或 nano)打开配置文件。 3. 在配置文件找到您想要修改设置。常见的设置包括端口号、字符集、缓冲区大小、日志文件路径等。每个设置通常都有一个类似于 `setting_name = value` 的格式。 4. 修改您想要更改的设置。根据您的需求,可以更改值或添加新的设置。 5. 保存配置文件并关闭文本编辑器。 6. 重启 MySQL 服务器以使更改生效。您可以使用适当的命令来重启 MySQL,例如: - 在 Windows 上,通过服务管理器或使用命令 `net stop mysql` 和 `net start mysql`。 - 在 Linux 上,使用命令 `sudo service mysql restart` 或 `sudo systemctl restart mysql`。 - 在 macOS 上,使用命令 `sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server restart`。 请注意,修改配置文件可能需要管理员权限。在进行任何更改之前,请备份原始配置文件,以防出现问题。
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