SpringMVC-Annotation简单入门

与基于XML配置的SpringMVC简单入门的区别
只是springnvc-servlet.xml配置文件需要改动：视图映射器和视图适配器用 mvc:annotation-driven/代替，而视图解析器仍然保存

<context:component-scan base-package="com.ajax.controller"/>
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

mvc:default-servlet-handler-让SpringMVC不处理静态资源：css,js,html,mp3,mp4
mvc:annotation-driven-相当于
SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter、BeanNameURLHandlerMapping
一、准备工作-导入依赖：以后不动

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

二、web.xml约束头文件：不用动

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
</web-app>

三、前端控制器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--前端控制器:所有请求页面的必经之地-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--    关联一个springmvc的配置文件，【servlet-name】-servlet.xml-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

四、SpringMVC容器：springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--自动扫描包，让指定包下的注解生效，由IOC容器统一管理-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ajax.controller"/>
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--
    mvc:default-servlet-handler-相当于BeanNameURLHandlerMapping
        让SpringMVC不处理静态资源：css,js,html,mp3,mp4
    -->
    <!--
    mvc:annotation-driven-相当于SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter
        在Spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系
        想要使@RequestMapping注解生效
        必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping
        和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实例
        这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级处理
        而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入
    -->
    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

五、业务处理层

package com.ajax.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//容器管理
public class ControllerDemo {

    @RequestMapping("/add")//资源访问路径
    public String add(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("mag","添加一名用户");
        return "add";
    }
}

六、表现层