JSON----笔记

//jackson依赖
<dependency>
   <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
   <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
   <version>2.9.8</version>
</dependency>

第一步：拿web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
        version="4.0">

   <!--1.注册servlet-->
   <servlet>
       <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
       <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
       <!--通过初始化参数指定SpringMVC配置文件的位置，进行关联-->
       <init-param>
           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
           <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
       </init-param>
       <!-- 启动顺序，数字越小，启动越早 -->
       <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>

   <!--所有请求都会被springmvc拦截 -->
   <servlet-mapping>
       <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>

   <filter>
       <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
       <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
       <init-param>
           <param-name>encoding</param-name>
           <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
       </init-param>
   </filter>
   <filter-mapping>
       <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

第二步：拿SpringMVC-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

   <!-- 自动扫描指定的包，下面所有注解类交给IOC容器管理 -->
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.XXXXX.controller"/>
<mvc:annotation-driven>
   <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
       <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
           <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
       </bean>
       <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
           <property name="objectMapper">
               <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                   <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
               </bean>
           </property>
       </bean>
   </mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
   <!-- 视图解析器 -->
   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
         id="internalResourceViewResolver">
       <!-- 前缀 -->
       <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
       <!-- 后缀 -->
       <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
   </bean>

</beans>

第三步：构建Controller层

//实体类，实体类要有生成无参有参的构造方法以及toString方法
class User{
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private String sex;

	//无参构造方法

	//有参构造方法

	//toString 方法

}

@ResponseBody,将服务器端返回的对象转换为JSON对象响应回去。

如:

class UserController{
@RequestMapping("/json_one")
@ResponseBody
public String json_one() throws JsonProcessingException{
	//需要一个jackson的对象映射器，就是一个类，使用它可以直接将对象转换为Json字符串
	ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
	//创建一个对象
	User user = new User("xxx",1,"男");
	System.out.println(user);

	//将Java对象转换成json字符串：
	String str = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
	System.out.println(str);
	return str;
	}
}

👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆会有乱码问题，用以下方式搞定👇👇👇👇👇👇

@RequestMapping(value = "/json_Second", produces = "application/json;charset="utf-8")
@ResponseBody
public String json_Second() throws JsonProcessingException{
	User user = new User("xxx",1,"男");
	//将Java对象转换成json字符串：
	return  new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(user);
	}
}

@RequestMapping(value = "/json_Thrid", produces = "application/json;charset="utf-8")
@ResponseBody
public String json_Thrid() throws JsonProcessingException{
	List<User> list = new ArrayList<>();
	
	User user = new User("xxx",1,"男");
	User user2 = new User("xx2x",2,"男");
	User user3 = new User("xx3x",3,"男");
	list.add(user);
	list.add(user2);
	list.add(user3);
	
	//将Java对象转换成json字符串：
	return  new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(list);
	}
}

//转换时间
@RequestMapping(value = "/json_Fourth", produces = "application/json;charset="utf-8")
@ResponseBody
public String json_Fourth() throws JsonProcessingException{
	ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
	//关闭时间戳功能
	mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS, false);
	//指定日期格式
	SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
	//格式化时间
	mapper.setDateFormat(sdf);
	//创建日期对象
	Date date = new Data();
	//将Java对象转换成json字符串：
	return  mapper.writeValueAsString(date);
	}
}

将通用或重复代码封装为工具类：👇

class JsonUtils{
	//重载！第二个参数不写时可有默认值
	public static String getJsonDate(Object object ){
		return getJsonDate(object,"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
	}	
	public static String getJsonDate(Object object, String dateFormat){
		ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
		//关闭时间戳功能
		mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS, false);
		//指定日期格式
		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat);
		//格式化时间
		mapper.setDateFormat(sdf);

		try{
			return  mapper.writeValueAsString(object);
		} catch{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}
}
//然后1会调用了吧??
//return JsonUtils.getJsonDate(new Date());
//return JsonUtils.getJsonDate(new Date(),"yyyy-MM-dd");