vue验证码的实现

验证码组件(子组件)

#Verification.vue

<template>
    <div class="s-canvas">
        <canvas id="s-canvas" :width="contentWidth" :height="contentHeight"></canvas>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        name: "Verification",
        //定义props数据可以通过父组件向子组件传递随机数让子组件渲染成验证码
        props: {
            identifyCode: {
                type: String,
                default: '1234'
            },
            fontSizeMin: {
                type: Number,
                default: 16
            },
            fontSizeMax: {
                type: Number,
                default: 40
            },
            backgroundColorMin: {
                type: Number,
                default: 180
            },
            backgroundColorMax: {
                type: Number,
                default: 240
            },
            colorMin: {
                type: Number,
                default: 50
            },
            colorMax: {
                type: Number,
                default: 160
            },
            lineColorMin: {
                type: Number,
                default: 40
            },
            lineColorMax: {
                type: Number,
                default: 180
            },
            dotColorMin: {
                type: Number,
                default: 0
            },
            dotColorMax: {
                type: Number,
                default: 255
            },
            contentWidth: {
                type: Number,
                default: 112
            },
            contentHeight: {
                type: Number,
                default: 38
            }
        },
        methods: {
            // 生成一个随机数
            randomNum(min, max) {
                return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min) + min)
            },
            // 生成一个随机的颜色
            randomColor(min, max) {
                let r = this.randomNum(min, max)
                let g = this.randomNum(min, max)
                let b = this.randomNum(min, max)
                return 'rgb(' + r + ',' + g + ',' + b + ')'
            },
            drawPic() {
                let canvas = document.getElementById('s-canvas')
                let ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
                ctx.textBaseline = 'bottom'
                // 绘制背景
                ctx.fillStyle = this.randomColor(this.backgroundColorMin, this.backgroundColorMax)
                ctx.fillRect(0, 0, this.contentWidth, this.contentHeight)
                // 绘制文字
                for (let i = 0; i < this.identifyCode.length; i++) {
                    this.drawText(ctx, this.identifyCode[i], i)
                }
                this.drawLine(ctx)
                this.drawDot(ctx)
            },
            drawText(ctx, txt, i) {
                ctx.fillStyle = this.randomColor(this.colorMin, this.colorMax)
                ctx.font = this.randomNum(this.fontSizeMin, this.fontSizeMax) + 'px SimHei'
                let x = (i + 1) * (this.contentWidth / (this.identifyCode.length + 1))
                let y = this.randomNum(this.fontSizeMax, this.contentHeight - 5)
                var deg = this.randomNum(-45, 45)
                // 修改坐标原点和旋转角度
                ctx.translate(x, y)
                ctx.rotate(deg * Math.PI / 180)
                ctx.fillText(txt, 0, 0)
                // 恢复坐标原点和旋转角度
                ctx.rotate(-deg * Math.PI / 180)
                ctx.translate(-x, -y)
            },
            drawLine(ctx) {
                // 绘制干扰线
                for (let i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
                    ctx.strokeStyle = this.randomColor(this.lineColorMin, this.lineColorMax)
                    ctx.beginPath()
                    ctx.moveTo(this.randomNum(0, this.contentWidth), this.randomNum(0, this.contentHeight))
                    ctx.lineTo(this.randomNum(0, this.contentWidth), this.randomNum(0, this.contentHeight))
                    ctx.stroke()
                }
            },
            drawDot(ctx) {
                // 绘制干扰点
                for (let i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                    ctx.fillStyle = this.randomColor(0, 255)
                    ctx.beginPath()
                    ctx.arc(this.randomNum(0, this.contentWidth), this.randomNum(0, this.contentHeight), 1, 0, 2 * Math.PI)
                    ctx.fill()
                }
            }
        },
        watch: {
            identifyCode() {
                this.drawPic()
            }
        },
        mounted() {
            this.drawPic()
        }
    }
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

注册组件(父组件)

关于验证码部分的片段

<a-form-item
                v-bind="formItemLayout"
                label="Captcha"
                extra="We must make sure that your are a human."

        >
            <a-row :gutter="8">
                <a-col :span="6">
                    <a-input v-decorator="[
              'captcha',
              { rules: [{ required: true, message: '请输入验证码!' },{validator:validateCode,}] },
            ]"/>
                </a-col>
                <a-col :span="12" @click="refreshCode">
                    <Verification :identifyCode="identifyCode"></Verification>
                </a-col>
            </a-row>
        </a-form-item>

父组件js部分

<script>
    import Verification from "./Verification";

    export default {
        name: "register",
        components:{
            Verification
        },
        data() {
            return {
                identifyCodes: '1234567890',
                identifyCode: '',
                formItemLayout: {
                    labelCol: {
                        xs: { span: 24 },
                        sm: { span: 8 },
                    },
                    wrapperCol: {
                        xs: { span: 24 },
                        sm: { span: 16 },
                    },
                },
            };
        },
        methods: {
       		 //取随机数
            randomNum(min, max) {
                return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min) + min)
            },
            //重置验证码方法
            refreshCode() {
                this.identifyCode = ''
                this.makeCode(this.identifyCodes, 4)
            },
            //重置验证码具体实现
            makeCode(o, l) {
                for (let i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                    this.identifyCode += this.identifyCodes[
                        this.randomNum(0, this.identifyCodes.length)
                        ]
                }
            },
            //validator的验证方法,value为输入框输入的值,callback定义的是返回的提示。在antd的v-decorator表单验证中,callback()带值,则提交不了表单,比如这样callback('123')即时callback('')也不行。
            validateCode(rule, value, callback) {
                const identifyCode = this.identifyCode
                if (identifyCode !== value) {
                    callback('请输入正确的验证码');
                } else {
                    callback();
                }
            },
        },
        //保证每次刷新都进行验证码的更新
        created() {
            this.refreshCode()
        }
    }
</script>

效果

说明

该验证码因为用的是antd的v-decorator的数据验证,所以效果是在输入时就会有提示是否输入正确,而不是在提交表单之后才给提示。若是要后者的效果,选择用在form表单标签写数据验证规则。

实现思路

父组件创建一个随机值—>子组件接收值通过canvas 绘制验证码。
传值:子组件上建立props数据表

export default {
        name: "Verification",
        props: {
            identifyCode: {
                type: String,
                default: '1234'
            },
            }
            }

父组件在调用子组件时在其标签上用冒号加变量名引用传值:

<Verification :identifyCode="identifyCode"></Verification>//冒号里的identifyCode为要穿给子组件的数据

父组件向子组件传值参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/shengnan-2017/p/10419050.html

父组件完整代码

#register.vue

<template>
    <a-form :form="form"  class="register1"  @submit="handleSubmit">
        <a-form-item v-bind="formItemLayout" label="邮箱">
            <a-input
                    v-decorator="[
          'email',
          {
            rules: [
              {
                type: 'email',
                message: 'The input is not valid E-mail!',
              },
              {
                required: true,
                message: 'Please input your E-mail!',
              },
            ],
          },
        ]"
            />
        </a-form-item>
        <a-form-item v-bind="formItemLayout" label="密码" has-feedback>
            <a-input
                    v-decorator="[
          'password',
          {
            rules: [
              {
                required: true,
                message: '请输入密码!',
              },
              {
                validator: validateToNextPassword,
              },
            ],
          },
        ]"
                    type="password"
            />
        </a-form-item>
        <a-form-item v-bind="formItemLayout" label="确认密码" has-feedback>
            <a-input
                    v-decorator="[
          'confirm',
          {
            rules: [
              {
                required: true,
                message: '请确认您的密码!',
              },
              {
                validator: compareToFirstPassword,
              },
            ],
          },
        ]"
                    type="password"
                    @blur="handleConfirmBlur"
            />
        </a-form-item>
        <a-form-item v-bind="formItemLayout">
      <span slot="label">
        昵称&nbsp;
        <a-tooltip title="网络世界真真假假假假真真">
          <a-icon type="question-circle-o" />
        </a-tooltip>
      </span>
            <a-input
                    v-decorator="[
          'nickname',
          {
            rules: [{ required: true, message: '请输入昵称!', whitespace: true }],
          },
        ]"
            />
        </a-form-item>
        <a-form-item v-bind="formItemLayout" label="电话号码">
            <a-input
                    v-decorator="[
          'phone',
          {
            rules: [{ required: true, message: '请输入你的电话号码!' }],
          },
        ]"
                    style="width: 100%"
            >
                <a-select
                        slot="addonBefore"
                        v-decorator="['prefix', { initialValue: '86' }]"
                        style="width: 70px"
                >
                    <a-select-option value="86">
                        +86
                    </a-select-option>
                    <a-select-option value="87">
                        +87
                    </a-select-option>
                </a-select>
            </a-input>
        </a-form-item>

        <a-form-item
                v-bind="formItemLayout"
                label="Captcha"
                extra="We must make sure that your are a human."

        >
            <a-row :gutter="8">
                <a-col :span="6">
                    <a-input v-decorator="[
              'captcha',
              { rules: [{ required: true, message: '请输入验证码!' },{validator:validateCode,}] },
            ]"/>
                </a-col>
                <a-col :span="12" @click="refreshCode">
                    <Verification :identifyCode="identifyCode"></Verification>
                </a-col>
            </a-row>
        </a-form-item>
        <a-form-item v-bind="tailFormItemLayout">
            <a-checkbox v-decorator="['agreement', { valuePropName: 'checked' }]">
                I have read the
                <a href="">
                    agreement
                </a>
            </a-checkbox>
        </a-form-item>
        <a-form-item v-bind="tailFormItemLayout">
            <a-button type="primary" html-type="submit" >
                Register
            </a-button>
        </a-form-item>
    </a-form>
</template>

<script>
    import Verification from "./Verification";

    export default {
        name: "register",
        components:{
            Verification
        },

        data() {
            return {
                isDebugLogin: false,
                confirmDirty: false,
                identifyCodes: '1234567890',
                identifyCode: '',
                code:'',
                autoCompleteResult: [],
                formItemLayout: {
                    labelCol: {
                        xs: { span: 24 },
                        sm: { span: 8 },
                    },
                    wrapperCol: {
                        xs: { span: 24 },
                        sm: { span: 16 },
                    },
                },
                tailFormItemLayout: {
                    wrapperCol: {
                        xs: {
                            span: 24,
                            offset: 0,
                        },
                        sm: {
                            span: 16,
                            offset: 8,
                        },
                    },
                },
            };
        },
        beforeCreate() {
            this.form = this.$form.createForm(this, { name: 'register' });
        },
        methods: {
            randomNum(min, max) {
                return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min) + min)
            },
            refreshCode() {
                this.identifyCode = ''
                this.makeCode(this.identifyCodes, 4)
            },
            makeCode(o, l) {
                for (let i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                    this.identifyCode += this.identifyCodes[
                        this.randomNum(0, this.identifyCodes.length)
                        ]
                }
            },
            handleSubmit(e) {
                e.preventDefault();
                this.form.validateFieldsAndScroll((err, values) => {
                    if (!err) {
                        console.log('Received values of form: ', values);
                    }
                });
            },
            handleConfirmBlur(e) {
                const value = e.target.value;
                this.confirmDirty = this.confirmDirty || !!value;
            },
            compareToFirstPassword(rule, value, callback) {
                const form = this.form;
                if (value && value !== form.getFieldValue('password')) {
                    callback('Two passwords that you enter is inconsistent!');
                } else {
                    callback();
                }
            },
            validateCode(rule, value, callback) {
                const identifyCode = this.identifyCode
                if (identifyCode !== value) {
                    callback('请输入正确的验证码');
                } else {
                    callback();
                }
            },
            validateToNextPassword(rule, value, callback) {
                const form = this.form;
                if (value && this.confirmDirty) {
                    form.validateFields(['confirm'], { force: true });
                }
                callback();
            },

        },
        created() {
            this.refreshCode()
        }
    }
</script>

<style>
.register1{
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding-right: 20%;
}
</style>
```![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201112103500887.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTM3Mjc4Mw==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center)

本例用到的ant design 组件,若需复现记得在main.js里面注册相应组件。

本文借鉴:https://www.jianshu.com/p/99c6e2f3e457
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